idea 2020版本用ssm框架写一个maven项目实现简单的增删改查详细教程
时间: 2023-11-22 14:55:37 浏览: 185
基于ssm框架,idea实现增删改查
好的,下面是详细的教程:
1. 环境准备
首先,需要准备好以下环境:
- IDEA 2020版本
- JDK 1.8或以上
- Maven
- Tomcat
2. 创建Maven项目
打开IDEA,选择File -> New -> Project,选择Maven,在左侧选项卡中选择Web Application,点击Next。在下一个页面中输入Group Id和Artifact Id,然后点击Next。
在下一个页面中,输入项目名称和路径,然后点击Finish。IDEA会自动创建一个Maven项目,并且生成一些基本的文件和目录结构。
3. 配置pom.xml
打开项目的pom.xml文件,添加以下依赖:
```xml
<!-- Spring依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis-spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库驱动依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Servlet API依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- JSP API依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>${jsp.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
```
其中,${spring.version}、${mybatis.version}、${mybatis-spring.version}、${mysql.version}、${servlet.version}和${jsp.version}都是需要在pom.xml中定义的变量,例如:
```xml
<properties>
<spring.version>5.2.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.5.6</mybatis.version>
<mybatis-spring.version>2.0.6</mybatis-spring.version>
<mysql.version>8.0.21</mysql.version>
<servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>
<jsp.version>2.3.3</jsp.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
</properties>
```
4. 配置web.xml
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下创建web.xml文件,并添加以下内容:
```xml
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>SSM Maven Webapp</display-name>
<!-- SpringMVC配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Spring配置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- JSP和静态资源映射 -->
<jsp-config>
<jsp-property-group>
<url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
<page-encoding>UTF-8</page-encoding>
</jsp-property-group>
</jsp-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
```
5. 编写Spring配置文件
在src/main/resources目录下创建spring目录,并在其中创建spring-context.xml和spring-mvc.xml两个配置文件。
spring-context.xml:
```xml
<!-- 数据源配置 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</bean>
<!-- MyBatis配置 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.example.demo.entity"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- Mapper扫描配置 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.example.demo.dao"/>
</bean>
```
spring-mvc.xml:
```xml
<!-- 扫描Controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.demo.controller"/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置静态资源访问 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 配置SpringMVC注解支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
```
6. 编写实体类和Mapper接口
在src/main/java目录下创建com.example.demo.entity和com.example.demo.dao两个包。
在com.example.demo.entity包中创建一个User类,用于表示用户信息:
```java
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
// 省略getter和setter方法
}
```
在com.example.demo.dao包中创建一个UserMapper接口,用于定义对User表的增删改查操作:
```java
public interface UserMapper {
List<User> listAll();
User getById(Integer id);
void add(User user);
void update(User user);
void delete(Integer id);
}
```
7. 编写Mapper映射文件
在src/main/resources目录下创建mapper目录,并在其中创建UserMapper.xml文件,用于实现UserMapper接口中定义的操作:
```xml
<mapper namespace="com.example.demo.dao.UserMapper">
<select id="listAll" resultType="com.example.demo.entity.User">
select * from user
</select>
<select id="getById" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultType="com.example.demo.entity.User">
select * from user where id = #{id}
</select>
<insert id="add" parameterType="com.example.demo.entity.User">
insert into user(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})
</insert>
<update id="update" parameterType="com.example.demo.entity.User">
update user set name = #{name}, age = #{age} where id = #{id}
</update>
<delete id="delete" parameterType="java.lang.Integer">
delete from user where id = #{id}
</delete>
</mapper>
```
8. 编写Controller
在com.example.demo.controller包中创建一个UserController类,用于处理与用户相关的请求:
```java
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@RequestMapping("/list")
public String list(Model model) {
List<User> userList = userMapper.listAll();
model.addAttribute("userList", userList);
return "user/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String add() {
return "user/add";
}
@RequestMapping("/doAdd")
public String doAdd(User user) {
userMapper.add(user);
return "redirect:/user/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/edit")
public String edit(Integer id, Model model) {
User user = userMapper.getById(id);
model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "user/edit";
}
@RequestMapping("/doEdit")
public String doEdit(User user) {
userMapper.update(user);
return "redirect:/user/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/delete")
public String delete(Integer id) {
userMapper.delete(id);
return "redirect:/user/list";
}
}
```
9. 编写JSP页面
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views/user目录下创建list.jsp、add.jsp和edit.jsp三个文件,分别用于显示用户列表、添加用户和编辑用户:
list.jsp:
```html
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>User List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>User List</h1>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${userList}" var="user">
<tr>
<td>${user.id}</td>
<td>${user.name}</td>
<td>${user.age}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/edit?id=${user.id}">编辑</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/delete?id=${user.id}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<br/>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/add">添加用户</a>
</body>
</html>
```
add.jsp:
```html
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Add User</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Add User</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/doAdd" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
Age: <input type="text" name="age"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
```
edit.jsp:
```html
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Edit User</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Edit User</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/doEdit" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id}"/>
Name: <input type="text" name="name" value="${user.name}"/><br/>
Age: <input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age}"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
```
10. 部署和运行
在IDEA中点击菜单栏的Run -> Edit Configurations,选择Tomcat Server,点击左侧的“+”按钮,选择Local,并设置Tomcat安装目录和应用访问路径。点击OK后,就可以选择新建的配置并点击Run按钮来启动Tomcat服务器。
启动成功后,打开浏览器,访问http://localhost:8080/SSM_Maven_Webapp/user/list即可看到用户列表页面。
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