如果你是Arduino高级开发者会怎么写arduino的循迹避障四轮小车,用的是 1、arduino mega2560开发板。 2、2个l298n电机驱动模块引脚分别是控制方向左前电机6、5,控制方向左后电机11、12,控制方向右前电机,4、3,控制方向右后电机9、10,控制电机调速左前电机7,右前2,左后13,右后8。 3、hc-sr04超声波测距模块引脚 TrigPin 14,EchoPin 15。 4、5路TCRT5000红外循迹模块引脚从左到右分别是A0、A1、A2、A3、A4。 要求程序小车接电就可以实现黑线循迹和物体避障
时间: 2024-01-09 08:04:31 浏览: 93
首先,我们需要将电机驱动模块和超声波测距模块以及红外循迹模块连接到Arduino Mega2560开发板上。具体的连接方式可以参考各个模块的数据手册。
接下来,我们需要编写代码。代码的主要思路如下:
1. 初始化引脚,包括电机驱动模块的方向控制引脚和调速引脚,超声波测距模块的TrigPin和EchoPin,以及红外循迹模块的引脚。
2. 在循迹模块上使用红外传感器进行检测,判断小车所在的位置,然后根据检测结果控制电机的转向和速度。当小车检测到黑线时,电机应该向前运动,否则应该向左或向右转。
3. 在避障模块上使用超声波传感器进行检测,如果检测到前方有障碍物,则应该停止电机,向左或向右转,直到没有障碍物为止。
下面是示例代码,供您参考:
```
#include <NewPing.h>
#define TRIG_PIN 14
#define ECHO_PIN 15
#define LEFT_FRONT_DIR_PIN 6
#define LEFT_FRONT_PWM_PIN 7
#define LEFT_REAR_DIR_PIN 11
#define LEFT_REAR_PWM_PIN 13
#define RIGHT_FRONT_DIR_PIN 4
#define RIGHT_FRONT_PWM_PIN 2
#define RIGHT_REAR_DIR_PIN 9
#define RIGHT_REAR_PWM_PIN 8
#define IR_SENSOR_LEFT_PIN A0
#define IR_SENSOR_LEFT_FRONT_PIN A1
#define IR_SENSOR_CENTER_PIN A2
#define IR_SENSOR_RIGHT_FRONT_PIN A3
#define IR_SENSOR_RIGHT_PIN A4
#define MAX_DISTANCE 200
NewPing sonar(TRIG_PIN, ECHO_PIN, MAX_DISTANCE);
void setup() {
pinMode(LEFT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(LEFT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(LEFT_REAR_DIR_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(LEFT_REAR_PWM_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(RIGHT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(RIGHT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(RIGHT_REAR_DIR_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(RIGHT_REAR_PWM_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(IR_SENSOR_LEFT_PIN, INPUT);
pinMode(IR_SENSOR_LEFT_FRONT_PIN, INPUT);
pinMode(IR_SENSOR_CENTER_PIN, INPUT);
pinMode(IR_SENSOR_RIGHT_FRONT_PIN, INPUT);
pinMode(IR_SENSOR_RIGHT_PIN, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
int distance = sonar.ping_cm();
if (distance < 10) { // 出现障碍物
stop();
if (leftClear()) {
right();
} else if (rightClear()) {
left();
} else {
back();
delay(500);
left();
}
} else { // 没有障碍物
if (onTrack()) {
forward();
} else {
if (left()) {
left();
} else if (right()) {
right();
} else {
back();
delay(500);
left();
}
}
}
}
void forward() {
digitalWrite(LEFT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, HIGH);
analogWrite(LEFT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 255);
digitalWrite(LEFT_REAR_DIR_PIN, HIGH);
analogWrite(LEFT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 255);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, HIGH);
analogWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 255);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_REAR_DIR_PIN, HIGH);
analogWrite(RIGHT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 255);
}
void stop() {
digitalWrite(LEFT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(LEFT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 0);
digitalWrite(LEFT_REAR_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(LEFT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 0);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 0);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_REAR_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(RIGHT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 0);
}
void left() {
digitalWrite(LEFT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(LEFT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(LEFT_REAR_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(LEFT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, HIGH);
analogWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_REAR_DIR_PIN, HIGH);
analogWrite(RIGHT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 200);
}
void right() {
digitalWrite(LEFT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, HIGH);
analogWrite(LEFT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(LEFT_REAR_DIR_PIN, HIGH);
analogWrite(LEFT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_REAR_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(RIGHT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 200);
}
void back() {
digitalWrite(LEFT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(LEFT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(LEFT_REAR_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(LEFT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(RIGHT_FRONT_PWM_PIN, 200);
digitalWrite(RIGHT_REAR_DIR_PIN, LOW);
analogWrite(RIGHT_REAR_PWM_PIN, 200);
}
bool onTrack() {
return digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_LEFT_PIN) == LOW &&
digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_LEFT_FRONT_PIN) == LOW &&
digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_CENTER_PIN) == LOW &&
digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_RIGHT_FRONT_PIN) == LOW &&
digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_RIGHT_PIN) == LOW;
}
bool leftClear() {
return digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_LEFT_PIN) == HIGH &&
digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_LEFT_FRONT_PIN) == HIGH;
}
bool rightClear() {
return digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_RIGHT_PIN) == HIGH &&
digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_RIGHT_FRONT_PIN) == HIGH;
}
```
请注意,这只是示例代码,您可能需要进行一些调整才能使它适合您的具体应用程序。
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