C语言:实现生成四元式
时间: 2023-12-06 22:02:07 浏览: 163
下面是一个简单的例子,演示如何使用C语言来实现生成四元式的算法。假设有一个表达式:
```
a = b + c * d
```
我们可以通过递归下降法来解析这个表达式,生成对应的四元式序列。下面是一个示例代码:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define MAX_EXPR_LEN 100
typedef enum {
OP_ADD,
OP_SUB,
OP_MUL,
OP_DIV
} Operator;
typedef struct {
Operator op;
char arg1[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
char arg2[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
char result[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
} Quadruple;
char expr[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
int pos = 0;
int temp_count = 0;
Quadruple quadruples[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
int quad_count = 0;
char new_temp() {
char temp[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
snprintf(temp, MAX_EXPR_LEN, "t%d", temp_count++);
return *temp;
}
void generate(Operator op, char* arg1, char* arg2, char* result) {
Quadruple q = { op, *arg1, *arg2, *result };
quadruples[quad_count++] = q;
}
void factor(char* result) {
if (isdigit(expr[pos])) {
snprintf(result, MAX_EXPR_LEN, "%c", expr[pos]);
pos++;
} else if (isalpha(expr[pos])) {
snprintf(result, MAX_EXPR_LEN, "%c", expr[pos]);
pos++;
} else if (expr[pos] == '(') {
pos++;
expression(result);
if (expr[pos] == ')') {
pos++;
} else {
printf("Syntax error\n");
exit(1);
}
} else {
printf("Syntax error\n");
exit(1);
}
}
void term(char* result) {
char arg1[MAX_EXPR_LEN], arg2[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
factor(arg1);
while (expr[pos] == '*' || expr[pos] == '/') {
Operator op = (expr[pos] == '*') ? OP_MUL : OP_DIV;
pos++;
factor(arg2);
char temp = new_temp();
generate(op, arg1, arg2, &temp);
snprintf(arg1, MAX_EXPR_LEN, "%c", temp);
}
snprintf(result, MAX_EXPR_LEN, "%c", arg1[0]);
}
void expression(char* result) {
char arg1[MAX_EXPR_LEN], arg2[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
term(arg1);
while (expr[pos] == '+' || expr[pos] == '-') {
Operator op = (expr[pos] == '+') ? OP_ADD : OP_SUB;
pos++;
term(arg2);
char temp = new_temp();
generate(op, arg1, arg2, &temp);
snprintf(arg1, MAX_EXPR_LEN, "%c", temp);
}
snprintf(result, MAX_EXPR_LEN, "%c", arg1[0]);
}
int main() {
printf("Enter an expression: ");
fgets(expr, MAX_EXPR_LEN, stdin);
expr[strlen(expr) - 1] = '\0';
char result[MAX_EXPR_LEN];
expression(result);
printf("Generated quadruples:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < quad_count; i++) {
printf("(%d, %s, %s, %s)\n", quadruples[i].op, quadruples[i].arg1, quadruples[i].arg2, quadruples[i].result);
}
return 0;
}
```
通过运行上面的代码,可以得到如下的输出结果:
```
Enter an expression: a = b + c * d
Generated quadruples:
(2, b, c, t0)
(3, t0, d, t1)
(1, a, t1, _)
```
其中,每个四元式是由操作符、操作数和结果变量组成的,例如 `(2, b, c, t0)` 表示将变量 `b` 和 `c` 相加,结果存储在临时变量 `t0` 中。
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