C++编写汽车站车票管理系统，功能包含增加车次信息，查看所有车次信息，车辆信息查询，注销车次，车辆信息查询，购票，退票案例

好的，下面是一个简单的汽车站车票管理系统的实现示例：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

// 车次信息结构体
struct Train {
    string id;          // 车次号
    string start;       // 起始站点
    string end;         // 终点站点
    string time;        // 发车时间
    double price;       // 车票价格
    int seats;          // 座位数量
};

// 全局变量，存储所有车次信息
vector<Train> trains;

// 从文件中读取车次信息
void loadTrainsFromFile() {
    ifstream fin("trains.txt");
    if (!fin.is_open()) {
        cout << "无法打开文件 trains.txt" << endl;
        return;
    }
    trains.clear();
    string line;
    while (getline(fin, line)) {
        Train train;
        sscanf(line.c_str(), "%s %s %s %s %lf %d", &train.id, &train.start, &train.end, &train.time, &train.price, &train.seats);
        trains.push_back(train);
    }
    fin.close();
}

// 将车次信息写入文件
void saveTrainsToFile() {
    ofstream fout("trains.txt");
    for (auto train : trains) {
        fout << train.id << " " << train.start << " " << train.end << " " << train.time << " " << train.price << " " << train.seats << endl;
    }
    fout.close();
}

// 显示所有车次信息
void showAllTrains() {
    cout << "所有车次信息：" << endl;
    for (auto train : trains) {
        cout << train.id << " " << train.start << " -> " << train.end << " " << train.time << " " << train.price << " " << train.seats << endl;
    }
}

// 查询车次信息
void searchTrains() {
    string query;
    cout << "请输入查询关键字：";
    cin >> query;
    bool found = false;
    for (auto train : trains) {
        if (train.id == query || train.start == query || train.end == query || train.time == query) {
            cout << train.id << " " << train.start << " -> " << train.end << " " << train.time << " " << train.price << " " << train.seats << endl;
            found = true;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        cout << "没有找到匹配的车次信息" << endl;
    }
}

// 增加车次信息
void addTrain() {
    Train train;
    cout << "请输入车次号：";
    cin >> train.id;
    cout << "请输入起始站点：";
    cin >> train.start;
    cout << "请输入终点站点：";
    cin >> train.end;
    cout << "请输入发车时间：";
    cin >> train.time;
    cout << "请输入车票价格：";
    cin >> train.price;
    cout << "请输入座位数量：";
    cin >> train.seats;
    trains.push_back(train);
    saveTrainsToFile();
    cout << "车次信息已添加" << endl;
}

// 注销车次信息
void removeTrain() {
    string id;
    cout << "请输入要注销的车次号：";
    cin >> id;
    bool found = false;
    for (auto it = trains.begin(); it != trains.end(); ++it) {
        if (it->id == id) {
            trains.erase(it);
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (found) {
        saveTrainsToFile();
        cout << "车次信息已注销" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << "没有找到匹配的车次信息" << endl;
    }
}

// 购票
void buyTicket() {
    string id;
    cout << "请输入要购买的车次号：";
    cin >> id;
    bool found = false;
    for (auto it = trains.begin(); it != trains.end(); ++it) {
        if (it->id == id) {
            if (it->seats > 0) {
                // 有余票，可以购买
                --it->seats;
                saveTrainsToFile();
                cout << "车票已购买" << endl;
            } else {
                // 没有余票
                cout << "该车次已无余票" << endl;
            }
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        cout << "没有找到匹配的车次信息" << endl;
    }
}

// 退票
void returnTicket() {
    string id;
    cout << "请输入要退票的车次号：";
    cin >> id;
    bool found = false;
    for (auto it = trains.begin(); it != trains.end(); ++it) {
        if (it->id == id) {
            ++it->seats;
            saveTrainsToFile();
            cout << "车票已退回" << endl;
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        cout << "没有找到匹配的车次信息" << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    loadTrainsFromFile();   // 从文件中读取车次信息
    while (true) {
        cout << "请选择操作：" << endl;
        cout << "1. 查看所有车次信息" << endl;
        cout << "2. 查询车次信息" << endl;
        cout << "3. 增加车次信息" << endl;
        cout << "4. 注销车次信息" << endl;
        cout << "5. 购票" << endl;
        cout << "6. 退票" << endl;
        cout << "0. 退出" << endl;
        int choice;
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                showAllTrains();
                break;
            case 2:
                searchTrains();
                break;
            case 3:
                addTrain();
                break;
            case 4:
                removeTrain();
                break;
            case 5:
                buyTicket();
                break;
            case 6:
                returnTicket();
                break;
            case 0:
                return 0;
            default:
                cout << "无效的选择" << endl;
                break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

这个程序使用了结构体 `Train` 来表示每个车次的信息，使用了容器 `vector` 来存储所有车次信息，并使用了文件读写来实现数据的持久化。用户可以通过菜单选择不同的操作来实现对车票信息的管理，包括查看所有车次信息、查询车次信息、增加车次信息、注销车次信息、购票和退票等。当用户进行某个操作时，程序会调用相应的函数来实现该功能，例如在购票功能中，程序会查找匹配的车次信息并更新座位数量，然后将更新后的信息写入文件中。