用idea写学生信息管理系统

首先，需要在MySQL中创建相应的数据库和表。在MySQL中执行以下SQL语句：

CREATE DATABASE student_info;

USE student_info;

CREATE TABLE student (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    gender VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
    age INT NOT NULL,
    class VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    phone VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE score (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    student_id INT NOT NULL,
    subject VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    score INT NOT NULL,
    exam_time DATE NOT NULL,
    FOREIGN KEY (student_id) REFERENCES student(id)
);

然后，可以使用Java语言编写前端界面和后台逻辑。下面是一个简单的示例：

1. 创建Maven项目，并在pom.xml中添加以下依赖：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.26</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>3.12.0</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 创建GUI界面，使用Swing实现。

3. 创建数据库连接类，实现对MySQL数据库的连接和操作。

import java.sql.*;

public class DBUtil {
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student_info?serverTimezone=UTC";
    private static final String USERNAME = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "123456";
    private static Connection conn = null;

    static {
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static Connection getConnection() {
        return conn;
    }

    public static void close(Connection conn, Statement stmt, ResultSet rs) {
        try {
            if (rs != null) {
                rs.close();
            }
            if (stmt != null) {
                stmt.close();
            }
            if (conn != null) {
                conn.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

4. 创建学生信息操作类，实现对学生信息的增删改查。

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class StudentDao {
    public boolean add(Student student) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "INSERT INTO student (name, gender, age, class, phone) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setString(1, student.getName());
            stmt.setString(2, student.getGender());
            stmt.setInt(3, student.getAge());
            stmt.setString(4, student.getClazz());
            stmt.setString(5, student.getPhone());
            int count = stmt.executeUpdate();
            if (count > 0) {
                return true;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, null);
        }
        return false;
    }

    public boolean update(Student student) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "UPDATE student SET name = ?, gender = ?, age = ?, class = ?, phone = ? WHERE id = ?";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setString(1, student.getName());
            stmt.setString(2, student.getGender());
            stmt.setInt(3, student.getAge());
            stmt.setString(4, student.getClazz());
            stmt.setString(5, student.getPhone());
            stmt.setInt(6, student.getId());
            int count = stmt.executeUpdate();
            if (count > 0) {
                return true;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, null);
        }
        return false;
    }

    public boolean delete(int id) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "DELETE FROM student WHERE id = ?";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setInt(1, id);
            int count = stmt.executeUpdate();
            if (count > 0) {
                return true;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, null);
        }
        return false;
    }

    public Student getById(int id) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE id = ?";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setInt(1, id);
            rs = stmt.executeQuery();
            if (rs.next()) {
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                student.setGender(rs.getString("gender"));
                student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
                student.setClazz(rs.getString("class"));
                student.setPhone(rs.getString("phone"));
                return student;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, rs);
        }
        return null;
    }

    public List<Student> getAll() {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM student";
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
            while (rs.next()) {
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                student.setGender(rs.getString("gender"));
                student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
                student.setClazz(rs.getString("class"));
                student.setPhone(rs.getString("phone"));
                students.add(student);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, rs);
        }
        return students;
    }

    public List<Student> search(String keyword) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE id LIKE ? OR name LIKE ?";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setString(1, "%" + keyword + "%");
            stmt.setString(2, "%" + keyword + "%");
            rs = stmt.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()) {
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                student.setGender(rs.getString("gender"));
                student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
                student.setClazz(rs.getString("class"));
                student.setPhone(rs.getString("phone"));
                students.add(student);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, rs);
        }
        return students;
    }
}

5. 创建考试成绩操作类，实现对考试成绩的增删改查。

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ScoreDao {
    public boolean add(Score score) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "INSERT INTO score (student_id, subject, score, exam_time) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setInt(1, score.getStudentId());
            stmt.setString(2, score.getSubject());
            stmt.setInt(3, score.getScore());
            stmt.setDate(4, new Date(score.getExamTime().getTime()));
            int count = stmt.executeUpdate();
            if (count > 0) {
                return true;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, null);
        }
        return false;
    }

    public boolean update(Score score) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "UPDATE score SET student_id = ?, subject = ?, score = ?, exam_time = ? WHERE id = ?";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setInt(1, score.getStudentId());
            stmt.setString(2, score.getSubject());
            stmt.setInt(3, score.getScore());
            stmt.setDate(4, new Date(score.getExamTime().getTime()));
            stmt.setInt(5, score.getId());
            int count = stmt.executeUpdate();
            if (count > 0) {
                return true;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, null);
        }
        return false;
    }

    public boolean delete(int id) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "DELETE FROM score WHERE id = ?";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setInt(1, id);
            int count = stmt.executeUpdate();
            if (count > 0) {
                return true;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, null);
        }
        return false;
    }

    public Score getById(int id) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM score WHERE id = ?";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setInt(1, id);
            rs = stmt.executeQuery();
            if (rs.next()) {
                Score score = new Score();
                score.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                score.setStudentId(rs.getInt("student_id"));
                score.setSubject(rs.getString("subject"));
                score.setScore(rs.getInt("score"));
                score.setExamTime(rs.getDate("exam_time"));
                return score;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, rs);
        }
        return null;
    }

    public List<Score> getByStudentId(int studentId) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        List<Score> scores = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM score WHERE student_id = ?";
            stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            stmt.setInt(1, studentId);
            rs = stmt.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()) {
                Score score = new Score();
                score.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                score.setStudentId(rs.getInt("student_id"));
                score.setSubject(rs.getString("subject"));
                score.setScore(rs.getInt("score"));
                score.setExamTime(rs.getDate("exam_time"));
                scores.add(score);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, rs);
        }
        return scores;
    }

    public List<Score> getAll() {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        List<Score> scores = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM score";
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
            while (rs.next()) {
                Score score = new Score();
                score.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                score.setStudentId(rs.getInt("student_id"));
                score.setSubject(rs.getString("subject"));
                score.setScore(rs.getInt("score"));
                score.setExamTime(rs.getDate("exam_time"));
                scores.add(score);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DBUtil.close(conn, stmt, rs);
        }
        return scores;
    }
}

6. 创建主程序类，在GUI界面中实现对学生信息和考试成绩的增删改查操作。

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class MainFrame extends JFrame {
    private JPanel contentPane;
    private JTextField txtId;
    private JTextField txtName;
    private JTextField txtGender;
    private JTextField txtAge;
    private JTextField txtClass;
    private JTextField txtPhone;
    private JTextField txtScoreId;
    private JTextField txtStudentId;
    private JTextField txtSubject;
    private JTextField txtScore;
    private JTextField txtExamTime;
    private JTable tableStudent;
    private JTable tableScore;

    private StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDao();
    private ScoreDao scoreDao = new ScoreDao();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    MainFrame frame = new MainFrame();
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    public MainFrame() {
        setTitle("学生信息管理系统");
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 800, 600);
        contentPane = new JPanel();
        contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
        setContentPane(contentPane);
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        // 学生信息管理面板
        JPanel panelStudent = new JPanel();
        panelStudent.setBounds(10, 10, 764, 275);
        contentPane.add(panelStudent);
        panelStudent.setLayout(null);

        JLabel lblId = new JLabel("学号：");
        lblId.setBounds(10, 10, 60, 25);
        panelStudent.add(lblId);

        txtId = new JTextField();
        txtId.setBounds(80, 10, 120, 25);
        panelStudent.add(txtId);
        txtId.setColumns(10);

        JLabel lblName = new JLabel("姓名：");
        lblName.setBounds(10, 45, 60, 25);
        panelStudent.add(lblName);

        txtName = new JTextField();
        txtName.setBounds(80, 45, 120, 25);
        panelStudent.add(txtName);
        txtName.setColumns(10);

        JLabel lblGender = new JLabel("性别：");
        lblGender.setBounds(10, 80, 60, 25);
        panelStudent.add(lblGender);

        txtGender = new JTextField();
        txtGender.setBounds(80, 80, 120, 25);
        panelStudent.add(txtGender);
        txtGender.setColumns(10);

        JLabel lblAge = new JLabel("年龄：");
        lblAge.setBounds(10, 115, 60, 25);
        panelStudent.add(lblAge);

        txtAge = new JTextField();
        txtAge.setBounds(80, 115, 120, 25);
        panelStudent.add(txtAge);
        txtAge.setColumns(10);

        JLabel lblClass = new JLabel("班级：");
        lblClass.setBounds(10, 150, 60, 25);
        panelStudent.add(lblClass);

        txtClass = new JTextField();
        txtClass.setBounds(80, 150, 120, 25);
        panelStudent.add(txtClass);
        txtClass.setColumns(10);

        JLabel lblPhone = new JLabel("联系方式：");
        lblPhone.setBounds(10, 185, 60, 25);
        panelStudent.add(lblPhone);

        txtPhone = new JTextField();
        txtPhone.setBounds(80, 185, 120, 25);
        panelStudent.add(txtPhone);
        txtPhone.setColumns(10);

        JButton btnStudentAdd = new JButton("添加");
        btnStudentAdd.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                addStudent();
            }
        });
        btnStudentAdd.setBounds(10, 220, 80, 25);
        panelStudent.add(btnStudentAdd);

        JButton btnStudentUpdate = new JButton("修改");
        btnStudentUpdate.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                updateStudent();
            }
        });
        btnStudentUpdate.setBounds(100,