第二类读者写者问题,创建读者写者进程,如何编写main函数
时间: 2023-08-14 07:04:07 浏览: 70
在编写 main 函数时,我们需要创建多个读者和写者进程,并对它们进行同步。以下是一个简单的示例代码:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define MAX_READERS 5
#define MAX_WRITERS 5
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t read_cv = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t write_cv = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
int readers_count = 0;
int writers_count = 0;
int shared_data = 0;
void *reader(void *arg) {
int id = *(int*)arg;
while (1) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
while (writers_count > 0) {
pthread_cond_wait(&read_cv, &mutex);
}
readers_count++;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
printf("Reader %d read shared data: %d\n", id, shared_data);
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
readers_count--;
if (readers_count == 0) {
pthread_cond_signal(&write_cv);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
sleep(rand() % 3);
}
return NULL;
}
void *writer(void *arg) {
int id = *(int*)arg;
while (1) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
while (readers_count > 0 || writers_count > 0) {
pthread_cond_wait(&write_cv, &mutex);
}
writers_count++;
printf("Writer %d writes shared data\n", id);
shared_data++;
writers_count--;
pthread_cond_signal(&write_cv);
pthread_cond_broadcast(&read_cv);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
sleep(rand() % 3);
}
return NULL;
}
int main() {
pthread_t readers[MAX_READERS], writers[MAX_WRITERS];
int reader_ids[MAX_READERS], writer_ids[MAX_WRITERS];
// create readers
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_READERS; i++) {
reader_ids[i] = i + 1;
pthread_create(&readers[i], NULL, reader, &reader_ids[i]);
}
// create writers
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_WRITERS; i++) {
writer_ids[i] = i + 1;
pthread_create(&writers[i], NULL, writer, &writer_ids[i]);
}
// join threads
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_READERS; i++) {
pthread_join(readers[i], NULL);
}
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_WRITERS; i++) {
pthread_join(writers[i], NULL);
}
return 0;
}
```
在上面的代码中,我们使用了互斥锁来保护共享数据和读者计数器、写者计数器。我们还使用条件变量来进行进程同步。在 reader 函数中,每个读者首先会尝试获取互斥锁,然后检查是否有写者正在写入,如果有,则等待条件变量 read_cv,直到写者完成写入并唤醒该读者。如果没有写者正在写入,则将读者计数器加一,释放互斥锁,读取共享数据,并将读者计数器减一。在 writer 函数中,每个写者首先会尝试获取互斥锁,然后检查是否有读者或写者正在使用共享资源,如果有,则等待条件变量 write_cv,直到没有读者或写者在使用共享资源。一旦写者获得了互斥锁并且没有其他读者或写者正在使用共享资源,它将写者计数器加一,写入新数据,然后将写者计数器减一并唤醒其他写者或读者。在 main 函数中,我们首先创建多个读者和写者进程,然后等待它们运行结束并回收资源。
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