用c++类和文件写个诗词背诵训练系统

以下是一个简单的诗词背诵训练系统的实现，使用了C++类和文件读写操作：

1. 定义一个Poem类，包含以下成员变量和方法：

class Poem {
private:
    string title; // 诗词标题
    string author; // 诗词作者
    vector<string> lines; // 诗词每行内容
public:
    Poem(); // 默认构造函数
    Poem(string _title, string _author, vector<string> _lines); // 带参数构造函数
    void setTitle(string _title); // 设置标题
    void setAuthor(string _author); // 设置作者
    void setLines(vector<string> _lines); // 设置每行内容
    string getTitle(); // 获取标题
    string getAuthor(); // 获取作者
    vector<string> getLines(); // 获取每行内容
    void display(); // 显示诗词
    bool operator==(const Poem& other) const; // 重载 == 运算符
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Poem& poem); // 重载 << 运算符，用于输出诗词
};

2. 实现以上成员变量和方法的函数定义，其中setLines方法需要从文件中读取每行内容：

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class Poem {
private:
    string title;
    string author;
    vector<string> lines;
public:
    Poem() {}
    Poem(string _title, string _author, vector<string> _lines) : title(_title), author(_author), lines(_lines) {}
    void setTitle(string _title) {
        title = _title;
    }
    void setAuthor(string _author) {
        author = _author;
    }
    void setLines(vector<string> _lines) {
        lines = _lines;
    }
    string getTitle() {
        return title;
    }
    string getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
    vector<string> getLines() {
        return lines;
    }
    void display() {
        cout << "《" << title << "》" << " 作者：" << author << endl;
        for (string line : lines) {
            cout << line << endl;
        }
    }
    bool operator==(const Poem& other) const {
        return (title == other.title && author == other.author && lines == other.lines);
    }
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Poem& poem) {
        os << "《" << poem.title << "》" << " 作者：" << poem.author << endl;
        for (string line : poem.lines) {
            os << line << endl;
        }
        return os;
    }
};

vector<Poem> read_poems(string filename) {
    vector<Poem> poems;
    ifstream infile(filename);
    if (!infile) {
        cerr << "Unable to open file " << filename << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    string line;
    while (getline(infile, line)) {
        string title = line;
        getline(infile, line);
        string author = line;
        vector<string> lines;
        while (getline(infile, line)) {
            if (line.empty()) {
                break;
            }
            lines.push_back(line);
        }
        Poem poem(title, author, lines);
        poems.push_back(poem);
    }
    infile.close();
    return poems;
}

void write_poems(string filename, const vector<Poem>& poems) {
    ofstream outfile(filename);
    if (!outfile) {
        cerr << "Unable to open file " << filename << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    for (Poem poem : poems) {
        outfile << poem.getTitle() << endl;
        outfile << poem.getAuthor() << endl;
        for (string line : poem.getLines()) {
            outfile << line << endl;
        }
        outfile << endl;
    }
    outfile.close();
}

3. 定义一个Training类，用于训练背诵诗词的功能，包含以下成员变量和方法：

class Training {
private:
    vector<Poem> poems; // 存储所有诗词
public:
    Training(string filename); // 带参数构造函数，从文件中读取诗词
    void addPoem(Poem poem); // 添加新诗词
    void removePoem(Poem poem); // 移除已有诗词
    void displayAll(); // 显示所有诗词
    void displayRandom(); // 随机显示一首诗词
    void start(); // 开始训练
};

4. 实现以上成员变量和方法的函数定义，其中start方法是核心功能，会随机选择一首诗词，并让用户进行背诵和测试：

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <limits>

using namespace std;

class Training {
private:
    vector<Poem> poems;
public:
    Training(string filename) {
        poems = read_poems(filename);
    }
    void addPoem(Poem poem) {
        poems.push_back(poem);
    }
    void removePoem(Poem poem) {
        poems.erase(remove(poems.begin(), poems.end(), poem), poems.end());
    }
    void displayAll() {
        for (Poem poem : poems) {
            poem.display();
            cout << endl;
        }
    }
    void displayRandom() {
        srand(time(NULL));
        int randomIndex = rand() % poems.size();
        poems[randomIndex].display();
    }
    void start() {
        srand(time(NULL));
        int randomIndex = rand() % poems.size();
        Poem poem = poems[randomIndex];
        cout << "请背诵以下诗词：" << endl;
        poem.display();
        cout << "按回车键开始测试" << endl;
        cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
        cout << "请在下方输入背诵结果：" << endl;
        string input;
        getline(cin, input);
        if (input == "") {
            cout << "未输入背诵结果，测试结束" << endl;
            return;
        }
        vector<string> inputLines;
        size_t start = 0, end = 0;
        while ((end = input.find('\n', start)) != string::npos) {
            inputLines.push_back(input.substr(start, end - start));
            start = end + 1;
        }
        inputLines.push_back(input.substr(start));
        int correctCount = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < poem.getLines().size(); i++) {
            if (i >= inputLines.size()) {
                break;
            }
            if (poem.getLines()[i] == inputLines[i]) {
                correctCount++;
            }
        }
        double accuracy = (double)correctCount / poem.getLines().size();
        cout << "测试结果：" << endl;
        cout << "正确率：" << accuracy * 100 << "%" << endl;
        if (accuracy == 1) {
            cout << "恭喜你完美背诵本诗词！" << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "请继续努力背诵本诗词！" << endl;
        }
    }
};

5. 在main函数中使用Training类进行功能测试：

int main() {
    Training training("poems.txt");
    while (true) {
        cout << "请输入数字选择功能：" << endl;
        cout << "1. 显示所有诗词" << endl;
        cout << "2. 随机显示一首诗词" << endl;
        cout << "3. 开始训练" << endl;
        cout << "4. 退出程序" << endl;
        int choice;
        cin >> choice;
        if (cin.fail()) {
            cin.clear();
            cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
            cout << "输入无效，请重新输入" << endl;
            continue;
        }
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                training.displayAll();
                break;
            case 2:
                training.displayRandom();
                break;
            case 3:
                training.start();
                break;
            case 4:
                cout << "程序已退出" << endl;
                return 0;
            default:
                cout << "输入无效，请重新输入" << endl;
        }
    }
}

6. 将所有代码保存为一个文件，例如"poem_training_system.cpp"，编译运行即可。

这个简单的诗词背诵训练系统可以通过读取文件中的诗词，添加和移除诗词，随机显示诗词和进行训练等功能，帮助用户提高诗词背诵能力。