paho.mqtt怎么使用
时间: 2023-10-14 21:07:46 浏览: 137
paho.mqtt是一个Python MQTT客户端库,它提供了一种简单的方式来连接MQTT Broker并发送/接收消息。以下是使用paho.mqtt的步骤:
1. 安装paho.mqtt库:可以通过pip安装paho.mqtt库,命令如下:
```
pip install paho-mqtt
```
2. 导入库:在Python代码中导入paho.mqtt库:
```
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
```
3. 连接MQTT Broker:使用mqtt.Client()创建一个MQTT客户端,然后使用client.connect()方法连接到MQTT Broker:
```
client = mqtt.Client()
client.connect("broker.hivemq.com", 1883, 60)
```
4. 发布消息:使用client.publish()方法发布消息:
```
client.publish("topic/test", "Hello World!")
```
5. 订阅消息:使用client.subscribe()方法订阅消息:
```
def on_message(client, userdata, message):
print("Received message: ", str(message.payload.decode("utf-8")))
client.on_message = on_message
client.subscribe("topic/test")
```
6. 开始循环:使用client.loop_start()方法开始循环,以便接收MQTT Broker发送的消息:
```
client.loop_start()
```
完整示例代码:
```
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
def on_message(client, userdata, message):
print("Received message: ", str(message.payload.decode("utf-8")))
client = mqtt.Client()
client.on_message = on_message
client.connect("broker.hivemq.com", 1883, 60)
client.subscribe("topic/test")
client.publish("topic/test", "Hello World!")
client.loop_start()
while True:
pass
```
这个例子连接到一个MQTT Broker,订阅"topic/test"主题,并发布"Hello World!"消息。它还定义了一个on_message()函数来处理接收到的消息。最后,它调用client.loop_start()方法开始循环,以便能够接收来自MQTT Broker的消息。
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