c#的winform实现低功耗蓝牙ble的搜索和数据读写功能代码

以下是一个简单的C# WinForms程序，实现BLE设备的搜索和数据读写功能。需要使用NuGet包管理器安装`Windows.Devices.Bluetooth`和`Windows.Devices.Bluetooth.GenericAttributeProfile`两个库。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Windows.Devices.Bluetooth;
using Windows.Devices.Bluetooth.Advertisement;
using Windows.Devices.Bluetooth.GenericAttributeProfile;

namespace BLETest
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        private BluetoothLEAdvertisementWatcher _watcher;
        private GattCharacteristic _characteristic;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            // 初始化BLE搜索器
            _watcher = new BluetoothLEAdvertisementWatcher();
            _watcher.Received += OnAdvertisementReceived;
        }

        private async void OnAdvertisementReceived(BluetoothLEAdvertisementWatcher sender, BluetoothLEAdvertisementReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            // 获取广告中的设备名称
            string deviceName = args.Advertisement.LocalName;

            // 如果设备名称包含“BLE设备”字样，则连接该设备
            if (deviceName.Contains("BLE设备"))
            {
                // 停止搜索
                _watcher.Stop();

                // 连接设备
                BluetoothLEDevice device = await BluetoothLEDevice.FromBluetoothAddressAsync(args.BluetoothAddress);

                // 获取设备的服务和特征
                GattDeviceServicesResult result = await device.GetGattServicesAsync();
                GattDeviceService service = result.Services.FirstOrDefault(s => s.Uuid == new Guid("0000FFF0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
                GattCharacteristicsResult charsResult = await service.GetCharacteristicsAsync();
                _characteristic = charsResult.Characteristics.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Uuid == new Guid("0000FFF1-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));

                // 订阅特征的通知
                GattCommunicationStatus status = await _characteristic.WriteClientCharacteristicConfigurationDescriptorAsync(GattClientCharacteristicConfigurationDescriptorValue.Notify);
                if (status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
                {
                    _characteristic.ValueChanged += OnCharacteristicValueChanged;

                    // 显示连接成功的提示信息
                    MessageBox.Show("连接成功！");
                }
                else
                {
                    // 显示连接失败的提示信息
                    MessageBox.Show("连接失败！");
                }
            }
        }

        private async void OnCharacteristicValueChanged(GattCharacteristic sender, GattValueChangedEventArgs args)
        {
            // 读取设备发送的数据
            byte[] buffer = args.CharacteristicValue.ToArray();
            string message = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer);

            // 将数据显示在文本框中
            textBox1.Text = message;
        }

        private void btnSearch_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 开始搜索BLE设备
            _watcher.Start();
        }

        private async void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 发送数据到设备
            byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(textBox2.Text);
            GattCommunicationStatus status = await _characteristic.WriteValueAsync(buffer.AsBuffer());

            if (status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
            {
                // 显示发送成功的提示信息
                MessageBox.Show("发送成功！");
            }
            else
            {
                // 显示发送失败的提示信息
                MessageBox.Show("发送失败！");
            }
        }
    }
}

在上面的代码中，我们使用`BluetoothLEAdvertisementWatcher`类进行BLE设备的搜索，使用`BluetoothLEDevice`类连接设备，使用`GattDeviceService`类获取设备的服务和特征，使用`GattCharacteristic`类订阅特征的通知，并使用`WriteValueAsync`方法向设备发送数据。当设备发送数据时，我们通过`ValueChanged`事件读取设备的数据，并将数据显示在文本框中。