linux下用getopt_long实现ls命令的代码

可以参考以下代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_PATH 1024

static struct option long_options[] = {
    {"all", no_argument, NULL, 'a'},
    {"list", no_argument, NULL, 'l'},
    {"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
    {NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
};

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    int opt;
    int all_flag = 0, list_flag = 0;
    char path[MAX_PATH] = ".";

    while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "alh", long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
        switch (opt) {
        case 'a':
            all_flag = 1;
            break;
        case 'l':
            list_flag = 1;
            break;
        case 'h':
            printf("Usage: ls [OPTION] [DIRECTORY]\n");
            printf("List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).\n\n");
            printf("Options:\n");
            printf("  -a, --all            do not ignore entries starting with .\n");
            printf("  -l, --list           use a long listing format\n");
            printf("  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n");
            exit(0);
        default:
            break;
        }
    }

    if (argc > optind) {
        strncpy(path, argv[optind], MAX_PATH);
    }

    DIR* dirp = opendir(path);
    if (dirp == NULL) {
        printf("Cannot open directory: %s\n", path);
        exit(1);
    }

    struct dirent *dp;
    while ((dp = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
        if (all_flag == 0 && dp->d_name[0] == '.') {
            continue;
        }

        char full_path[MAX_PATH];
        snprintf(full_path, sizeof(full_path), "%s/%s", path, dp->d_name);

        struct stat st;
        if (lstat(full_path, &st) == -1) {
            perror("lstat");
            continue;
        }

        if (list_flag == 1) {
            char buf[100];
            strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%b %d %H:%M", localtime(&st.st_mtime));
            printf("%c%s %ld %s %s %ld %s %s\n",
                   S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) ? 'd' : '-',
                   st.st_mode & S_IRUSR ? "r" : "-",
                   st.st_mode & S_IWUSR ? "w" : "-",
                   st.st_mode & S_IXUSR ? "x" : "-",
                   st.st_mode & S_IRGRP ? "r" : "-",
                   st.st_mode & S_IWGRP ? "w" : "-",
                   st.st_mode & S_IXGRP ? "x" : "-",
                   st.st_mode & S_IROTH ? "r" : "-",
                   st.st_mode & S_IWOTH ? "w" : "-",
                   st.st_mode & S_IXOTH ? "x" : "-",
                   st.st_nlink, getpwuid(st.st_uid)->pw_name,
                   getgrgid(st.st_gid)->gr_name,
                   st.st_size, buf, dp->d_name);
        } else {
            printf("%s  ", dp->d_name);
        }
    }

    closedir(dirp);
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

希望对你有所帮助！