c语言数据结构使用链表的应用编写一个人事管理系统，要输出相应界面：用链式存储方法实现。 每个职工的信息包括：工号、姓名、性别、出生年月、籍贯、部门，能实现输入： 按工号或者姓名或者性别或者部门查找： 插入： 按工号或者姓名或者性别或者部门删除，按工号或者出生年月进行升序或者降序，按工号进行修改职工的信息 ，分别统计30岁以下，30-50和50岁以上，三个年龄段的人数,这些操作都会有相应的print输出界面的代码

以下是一个简单的人事管理系统的代码，使用链表存储数据结构，并实现了查找、插入、删除、排序和统计等功能。请注意，这只是一个基础的实现，可能会存在一些漏洞，需要根据具体需求进行修改和完善。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

// 定义职工信息结构体
typedef struct employee {
    int id;             // 工号
    char name[20];      // 姓名
    char gender[5];     // 性别
    char birth[20];     // 出生年月
    char hometown[20];  // 籍贯
    char department[20];// 部门
    struct employee *next; // 指向下一个职工信息的指针
} Employee;

// 全局变量，指向链表头部
Employee *head = NULL;

// 显示菜单
void showMenu() {
    printf("*************************\n");
    printf("*******  人事管理系统  *******\n");
    printf("*************************\n");
    printf("1. 显示所有职工信息\n");
    printf("2. 按工号查找\n");
    printf("3. 按姓名查找\n");
    printf("4. 按性别查找\n");
    printf("5. 按部门查找\n");
    printf("6. 插入职工信息\n");
    printf("7. 按工号删除\n");
    printf("8. 按出生年月排序\n");
    printf("9. 按工号排序\n");
    printf("10. 修改职工信息\n");
    printf("11. 统计年龄\n");
    printf("0. 退出系统\n");
    printf("*************************\n");
}

// 显示一个职工信息
void showEmployee(Employee *e) {
    printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", e->id, e->name, e->gender, e->birth, e->hometown, e->department);
}

// 显示所有职工信息
void showAllEmployees() {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    printf("工号\t姓名\t性别\t出生年月\t籍贯\t部门\n");
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        showEmployee(current);
        current = current->next;
    }
}

// 按工号查找职工信息
void findEmployeeById(int id) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (current->id == id) {
            showEmployee(current);
            return;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }
    printf("没有找到工号为%d的职工信息！\n", id);
}

// 按姓名查找职工信息
void findEmployeeByName(char *name) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (strcmp(current->name, name) == 0) {
            showEmployee(current);
            return;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }
    printf("没有找到姓名为%s的职工信息！\n", name);
}

// 按性别查找职工信息
void findEmployeeByGender(char *gender) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (strcmp(current->gender, gender) == 0) {
            showEmployee(current);
        }
        current = current->next;
    }
}

// 按部门查找职工信息
void findEmployeeByDepartment(char *department) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (strcmp(current->department, department) == 0) {
            showEmployee(current);
        }
        current = current->next;
    }
}

// 插入职工信息
void insertEmployee(Employee *e) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        head = e;
        return;
    }
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current->next != NULL) {
        current = current->next;
    }
    current->next = e;
}

// 按工号删除职工信息
void deleteEmployeeById(int id) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    Employee *current = head;
    Employee *prev = NULL;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (current->id == id) {
            if (prev == NULL) {
                head = current->next;
            } else {
                prev->next = current->next;
            }
            free(current);
            printf("删除成功！\n");
            return;
        }
        prev = current;
        current = current->next;
    }
    printf("没有找到工号为%d的职工信息！\n", id);
}

// 按出生年月排序
void sortEmployeeByBirth(int order) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    int count = 0;
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        count++;
        current = current->next;
    }
    Employee **array = (Employee **)malloc(count * sizeof(Employee *));
    current = head;
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        array[i] = current;
        current = current->next;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < count - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < count; j++) {
            char *birth1 = array[i]->birth;
            char *birth2 = array[j]->birth;
            if ((order > 0 && strcmp(birth1, birth2) > 0) || (order < 0 && strcmp(birth1, birth2) < 0)) {
                Employee *tmp = array[i];
                array[i] = array[j];
                array[j] = tmp;
            }
        }
    }
    printf("工号\t姓名\t性别\t出生年月\t籍贯\t部门\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        showEmployee(array[i]);
    }
    free(array);
}

// 按工号排序
void sortEmployeeById(int order) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    int count = 0;
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        count++;
        current = current->next;
    }
    Employee **array = (Employee **)malloc(count * sizeof(Employee *));
    current = head;
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        array[i] = current;
        current = current->next;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < count - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < count; j++) {
            int id1 = array[i]->id;
            int id2 = array[j]->id;
            if ((order > 0 && id1 > id2) || (order < 0 && id1 < id2)) {
                Employee *tmp = array[i];
                array[i] = array[j];
                array[j] = tmp;
            }
        }
    }
    printf("工号\t姓名\t性别\t出生年月\t籍贯\t部门\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        showEmployee(array[i]);
    }
    free(array);
}

// 修改职工信息
void modifyEmployee(int id) {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (current->id == id) {
            printf("请输入新的姓名：");
            scanf("%s", current->name);
            printf("请输入新的性别：");
            scanf("%s", current->gender);
            printf("请输入新的出生年月：");
            scanf("%s", current->birth);
            printf("请输入新的籍贯：");
            scanf("%s", current->hometown);
            printf("请输入新的部门：");
            scanf("%s", current->department);
            printf("修改成功！\n");
            return;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }
    printf("没有找到工号为%d的职工信息！\n", id);
}

// 统计年龄
void statisticsAge() {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf("当前没有职工信息！\n");
        return;
    }
    int age1 = 0, age2 = 0, age3 = 0;
    Employee *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        int birthYear = atoi(strtok(current->birth, "-"));
        int nowYear = atoi(strtok(NULL, "-"));
        int age = 2021 - nowYear;
        if (age < 30) {
            age1++;
        } else if (age < 50) {
            age2++;
        } else {
            age3++;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }
    printf("30岁以下的人数：%d\n", age1);
    printf("30-50岁的人数：%d\n", age2);
    printf("50岁以上的人数：%d\n", age3);
}

int main() {
    int choice = -1;
    while (choice != 0) {
        showMenu();
        printf("请输入您的选择：");
        scanf("%d", &choice);
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                showAllEmployees();
                break;
            case 2: {
                int id;
                printf("请输入工号：");
                scanf("%d", &id);
                findEmployeeById(id);
                break;
            }
            case 3: {
                char name[20];
                printf("请输入姓名：");
                scanf("%s", name);
                findEmployeeByName(name);
                break;
            }
            case 4: {
                char gender[5];
                printf("请输入性别：");
                scanf("%s", gender);
                findEmployeeByGender(gender);
                break;
            }
            case 5: {
                char department[20];
                printf("请输入部门：");
                scanf("%s", department);
                findEmployeeByDepartment(department);
                break;
            }
            case 6: {
                Employee *e = (Employee *)malloc(sizeof(Employee));
                printf("请输入工号：");
                scanf("%d", &(e->id));
                printf("请输入姓名：");
                scanf("%s", e->name);
                printf("请输入性别：");
                scanf("%s", e->gender);
                printf("请输入出生年月（格式为xxxx-xx-xx）：");
                scanf("%s", e->birth);
                printf("请输入籍贯：");
                scanf("%s", e->hometown);
                printf("请输入部门：");
                scanf("%s", e->department);
                e->next = NULL;
                insertEmployee(e);
                printf("插入成功！\n");
                break;
            }
            case 7: {
                int id;
                printf("请输入工号：");
                scanf("%d", &id);
                deleteEmployeeById(id);
                break;
            }
            case 8: {
                int order;
                printf("请选择排序方式（1为升序，-1为降序）：");
                scanf("%d", &order);
                sortEmployeeByBirth(order);
                break;
            }
            case 9: {
                int order;
                printf("请选择排序方式（1为升序，-1为降序）：");
                scanf("%d", &order);
                sortEmployeeById(order);
                break;
            }
            case 10: {
                int id;
                printf("请输入工号：");
                scanf("%d", &id);
                modifyEmployee(id);
                break;
            }
            case 11:
                statisticsAge();
                break;
            case 0:
                printf("谢谢使用，再见！\n");
                break;
            default:
                printf("输入有误，请重新输入！\n");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}