C++贪吃蛇

以下是一个简单的C++贪吃蛇游戏示例：

游戏规则：

1. 程序初始化一个10x10的游戏区域，蛇初始长度为3，出生位置在游戏区域中心。
2. 蛇头可以通过键盘控制上下左右移动，蛇身会随着蛇头的移动而跟随移动。
3. 当蛇头碰到游戏区域边缘或蛇身时，游戏结束。
4. 食物随机生成在游戏区域内，当蛇头碰到食物时，蛇身长度增加1。

代码示例：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <conio.h>

using namespace std;

const int WIDTH = 10;
const int HEIGHT = 10;
const int MAX_LENGTH = 100;

struct Snake
{
    int x[MAX_LENGTH];
    int y[MAX_LENGTH];
    int length;
};

struct Food
{
    int x;
    int y;
};

void initGame(Snake& snake, Food& food)
{
    // 初始化蛇
    snake.length = 3;
    snake.x[0] = WIDTH / 2;
    snake.y[0] = HEIGHT / 2;
    snake.x[1] = WIDTH / 2;
    snake.y[1] = HEIGHT / 2 + 1;
    snake.x[2] = WIDTH / 2;
    snake.y[2] = HEIGHT / 2 + 2;

    // 初始化食物
    srand(time(NULL));
    food.x = rand() % WIDTH;
    food.y = rand() % HEIGHT;
}

void drawMap(Snake& snake, Food& food)
{
    system("cls"); // 清屏

    // 绘制游戏区域
    cout << "+";
    for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++)
    {
        cout << "-";
    }
    cout << "+" << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++)
    {
        cout << "|";
        for (int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++)
        {
            bool isSnake = false;
            for (int k = 0; k < snake.length; k++)
            {
                if (i == snake.y[k] && j == snake.x[k])
                {
                    cout << "*";
                    isSnake = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!isSnake)
            {
                if (i == food.y && j == food.x)
                {
                    cout << "@";
                }
                else
                {
                    cout << " ";
                }
            }
        }
        cout << "|" << endl;
    }

    cout << "+";
    for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++)
    {
        cout << "-";
    }
    cout << "+" << endl;
}

void move(Snake& snake, Food& food, char direction)
{
    // 记录蛇尾位置
    int tailX = snake.x[snake.length - 1];
    int tailY = snake.y[snake.length - 1];

    // 移动蛇身
    for (int i = snake.length - 1; i > 0; i--)
    {
        snake.x[i] = snake.x[i - 1];
        snake.y[i] = snake.y[i - 1];
    }

    // 移动蛇头
    switch (direction)
    {
    case 'w':
        snake.y[0]--;
        break;
    case 's':
        snake.y[0]++;
        break;
    case 'a':
        snake.x[0]--;
        break;
    case 'd':
        snake.x[0]++;
        break;
    }

    // 判断蛇头是否碰到游戏区域边缘
    if (snake.x[0] < 0 || snake.x[0] >= WIDTH || snake.y[0] < 0 || snake.y[0] >= HEIGHT)
    {
        cout << "游戏结束！" << endl;
        exit(0);
    }

    // 判断蛇头是否碰到蛇身
    for (int i = 1; i < snake.length; i++)
    {
        if (snake.x[i] == snake.x[0] && snake.y[i] == snake.y[0])
        {
            cout << "游戏结束！" << endl;
            exit(0);
        }
    }

    // 判断蛇头是否碰到食物
    if (snake.x[0] == food.x && snake.y[0] == food.y)
    {
        // 蛇身长度增加1
        snake.length++;
        snake.x[snake.length - 1] = tailX;
        snake.y[snake.length - 1] = tailY;

        // 重新生成食物
        food.x = rand() % WIDTH;
        food.y = rand() % HEIGHT;
    }
}

int main()
{
    Snake snake;
    Food food;
    char direction = 'd'; // 蛇头初始方向为右侧
    initGame(snake, food);

    while (true)
    {
        drawMap(snake, food);
        move(snake, food, direction);

        // 判断玩家输入的方向
        if (_kbhit())
        {
            char input = _getch();
            switch (input)
            {
            case 'w':
            case 's':
            case 'a':
            case 'd':
                direction = input;
                break;
            }
        }

        // 控制游戏速度
        Sleep(100);
    }

    return 0;
}

这是一个简单的贪吃蛇游戏，通过学习和实践C++语言，可以编写出更加复杂、高级的游戏。