c++98，将int a = 1,转为八位的string b = "00000001"，同理int d = 324，转为八位的string b = "00000324",，再将b转为vector<uint8_t> c

可以使用以下代码将 int 转为八位的 string：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

std::string intToEightBitString(int num)
{
    std::string res = "";
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    {
        res = (char)((num & 1) + '0') + res;
        num >>= 1;
    }
    return res;
}

然后可以使用以下代码将 string 转为 vector<uint8_t>：

std::vector<uint8_t> stringToVector(const std::string& str)
{
    std::vector<uint8_t> res;
    for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i += 8)
    {
        uint8_t byte = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
        {
            byte = (byte << 1) + (str[i + j] - '0');
        }
        res.push_back(byte);
    }
    return res;
}

完整代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

std::string intToEightBitString(int num)
{
    std::string res = "";
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    {
        res = (char)((num & 1) + '0') + res;
        num >>= 1;
    }
    return res;
}

std::vector<uint8_t> stringToVector(const std::string& str)
{
    std::vector<uint8_t> res;
    for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i += 8)
    {
        uint8_t byte = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
        {
            byte = (byte << 1) + (str[i + j] - '0');
        }
        res.push_back(byte);
    }
    return res;
}

int main()
{
    int a = 1;
    std::string b = intToEightBitString(a);
    std::cout << "a: " << a << ", b: " << b << std::endl;

    int d = 324;
    std::string e = intToEightBitString(d);
    std::cout << "d: " << d << ", e: " << e << std::endl;

    std::vector<uint8_t> c = stringToVector(b);
    std::cout << "c: ";
    for (int i = 0; i < c.size(); i++)
    {
        std::cout << (int)c[i] << " ";
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    std::vector<uint8_t> f = stringToVector(e);
    std::cout << "f: ";
    for (int i = 0; i < f.size(); i++)
    {
        std::cout << (int)f[i] << " ";
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    return 0;
}