valueerror: signal number 32 out of range

这个错误是由于信号编号超出了范围所引起的。信号编号是一个整数，用于在进程之间传递信息。在Python中，信号编号通常是一个小于等于31的整数。如果信号编号超出了这个范围，就会出现这个错误。可能的原因包括使用了错误的信号编号或者信号编号被修改了。要解决这个问题，可以检查代码中使用的信号编号是否正确，并确保不会修改信号编号。

相关问题

修改代码from Crypto.Util.number import * from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA from hashlib import sha256 import random, os, signal, string def proof_of_work(): random.seed(os.urandom(8)) proof = ''.join([random.choice(string.ascii_letters+string.digits) for _ in range(20)]) _hexdigest = sha256(proof.encode()).hexdigest() print(f"sha256(XXXX+{proof[4:]}) == {_hexdigest}") print('Give me XXXX: ') x = input() if len(x) != 4 or sha256(x.encode()+proof[4:].encode()).hexdigest() != _hexdigest: print('Wrong PoW') return False return True if not proof_of_work(): exit(1) signal.alarm(10) print("Give me a bad RSA keypair.") try: p = int(input('p = ')) q = int(input('q = ')) assert p > 0 assert q > 0 assert p != q assert p.bit_length() == 512 assert q.bit_length() == 512 assert isPrime(p) assert isPrime(q) n = p * q e = 65537 assert p % e != 1 assert q % e != 1 d = inverse(e, (p-1)*(q-1)) except: print("Invalid params") exit(2) try: key = RSA.construct([n,e,d,p,q]) print("This is not a bad RSA keypair.") exit(3) except KeyboardInterrupt: print("Hacker detected.") exit(4) except ValueError: print("How could this happen?") from secret import flag print(flag)

为了修复这个程序的漏洞，可以加入一个时间限制，如果用户输入的参数过大导致程序运行时间过长，程序会自动退出。代码如下所示：

from Crypto.Util.number import *
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from hashlib import sha256
import random, os, signal, string

def proof_of_work():
    random.seed(os.urandom(8))
    proof = ''.join([random.choice(string.ascii_letters+string.digits) for _ in range(20)])
    _hexdigest = sha256(proof.encode()).hexdigest()
    print(f"sha256(XXXX+{proof[4:]}) == {_hexdigest}")
    print('Give me XXXX: ')
    x = input()
    if len(x) != 4 or sha256(x.encode()+proof[4:].encode()).hexdigest() != _hexdigest:
        print('Wrong PoW')
        return False
    return True

if not proof_of_work():
    exit(1)

signal.alarm(10)

print("Give me a bad RSA keypair.")

try:
    p = int(input('p = '))
    q = int(input('q = '))
    assert p > 0
    assert q > 0
    assert p != q
    assert p.bit_length() == 512
    assert q.bit_length() == 512
    assert isPrime(p)
    assert isPrime(q)
    n = p * q
    e = 65537
    assert p % e != 1
    assert q % e != 1
    d = inverse(e, (p-1)*(q-1))
    key = RSA.construct([n,e,d,p,q])
    print("This is not a bad RSA keypair.")
    exit(3)
except AssertionError:
    print("Invalid params")
    exit(2)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
    print("Time limit exceeded")
    exit(4)
except ValueError:
    print("How could this happen?")
    from secret import flag
    print(flag)

在新代码中，我们使用了 signal 库中的 alarm 函数，将程序的运行时间限制在 10 秒钟内。当用户输入的参数过大导致程序运行时间超过 10 秒时，程序会自动退出，并输出 "Time limit exceeded"。

matlab代码function probeData(varargin)if (nargin == 1) settings = deal(varargin{1}); fileNameStr = settings.fileName; elseif (nargin == 2) [fileNameStr, settings] = deal(varargin{1:2}); if ~ischar(fileNameStr) error('File name must be a string'); end else error('Incorect number of arguments'); end[fid, message] = fopen(fileNameStr, 'rb'); if (fid > 0) % Move the starting point of processing. Can be used to start the % signal processing at any point in the data record (e.g. for long % records). fseek(fid, settings.skipNumberOfBytes, 'bof'); % Find number of samples per spreading code samplesPerCode = round(settings.samplingFreq / ... (settings.codeFreqBasis / settings.codeLength)); if (settings.fileType==1) dataAdaptCoeff=1; else dataAdaptCoeff=2; end % Read 100ms of signal [data, count] = fread(fid, [1, dataAdaptCoeff100samplesPerCode], settings.dataType); fclose(fid); if (count < dataAdaptCoeff100samplesPerCode) % The file is to short error('Could not read enough data from the data file.'); end %--- Initialization --------------------------------------------------- figure(100); clf(100); timeScale = 0 : 1/settings.samplingFreq : 5e-3; %--- Time domain plot ------------------------------------------------- if (settings.fileType==1) subplot(2, 2, 3); plot(1000 * timeScale(1:round(samplesPerCode/2)), ... data(1:round(samplesPerCode/2))); axis tight; grid on; title ('Time domain plot'); xlabel('Time (ms)'); ylabel('Amplitude'); else data=data(1:2:end) + 1i .* data(2:2:end); subplot(3, 2, 4); plot(1000 * timeScale(1:round(samplesPerCode/2)), ... real(data(1:round(samplesPerCode/2)))); axis tight; grid on; title ('Time domain plot (I)'); xlabel('Time (ms)'); ylabel('Amplitude'); subplot(3, 2, 3); plot(1000 * timeScale(1:round(samplesPerCode/2)), ... imag(data(1:round(samplesPerCode/2)))); axis tight; grid on; title ('Time domain plot (Q)'); xlabel('Time (ms)'); ylabel('Amplitude'); end %--- Frequency domain plot -------------------------------------------- if (settings.fileType==1) %Real Data subplot(2,2,1:2); pwelch(data, 32768, 2048, 32768, settings.samplingFreq/1e6) else % I/Q Data subplot(3,2,1:2); [sigspec,freqv]=pwelch(data, 32768, 2048, 32768, settings.samplingFreq,'twosided'); plot(([-(freqv(length(freqv)/2:-1:1));freqv(1:length(freqv)/2)])/1e6, ... 10*log10([sigspec(length(freqv)/2+1:end); sigspec(1:length(freqv)/2)])); end axis tight; grid on; title ('Frequency domain plot'); xlabel('Frequency (MHz)'); ylabel('Magnitude'); %--- Histogram -------------------------------------------------------- if (settings.fileType == 1) subplot(2, 2, 4); hist(data, -128:128) dmax = max(abs(data)) + 1; axis tight; adata = axis; axis([-dmax dmax adata(3) adata(4)]); grid on; title ('Histogram'); xlabel('Bin'); ylabel('Number in bin'); else subplot(3, 2, 6); hist(real(data), -128:128) dmax = max(abs(data)) + 1; axis tight; adata = axis; axis([-dmax dmax adata(3) adata(4)]); grid on; title ('Histogram (I)'); xlabel('Bin'); ylabel('Number in bin'); subplot(3, 2, 5); hist(imag(data), -128:128) dmax = max(abs(data)) + 1; axis tight; adata = axis; axis([-dmax dmax adata(3) adata(4)]); grid on; title ('Histogram (Q)'); xlabel('Bin'); ylabel('Number in bin'); end else %=== Error while opening the data file ================================ error('Unable to read file %s: %s.', fileNameStr, message); end % if (fid > 0)翻译成python

抱歉，由于MATLAB和Python的语法和结构有所不同，将MATLAB代码翻译成Python代码需要对代码进行一定程度的重构和修改。以下是一个可能的Python代码实现，仅供参考：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def probeData(*args):
    if len(args) == 1:
        settings = args[0]
        fileNameStr = settings['fileName']
    elif len(args) == 2:
        fileNameStr, settings = args
        if not isinstance(fileNameStr, str):
            raise ValueError('File name must be a string')
    else:
        raise ValueError('Incorrect number of arguments')
    
    with open(fileNameStr, 'rb') as fid:
        # Move the starting point of processing.
        # Can be used to start the signal processing at any point in the data record (e.g. for long records).
        fid.seek(settings['skipNumberOfBytes'], 0)
        
        # Find number of samples per spreading code
        samplesPerCode = round(settings['samplingFreq'] / (settings['codeFreqBasis'] / settings['codeLength']))
        
        if settings['fileType'] == 1:
            dataAdaptCoeff = 1
        else:
            dataAdaptCoeff = 2
        
        # Read 100ms of signal
        data = np.fromfile(fid, dtype=settings['dataType'], count=dataAdaptCoeff*100*samplesPerCode)
        fid.close()
        
        if len(data) < dataAdaptCoeff*100*samplesPerCode:
            # The file is too short
            raise ValueError('Could not read enough data from the data file.')
        
        #--- Initialization ---------------------------------------------------
        plt.figure(100)
        plt.clf()
        timeScale = np.arange(0, 5e-3, 1/settings['samplingFreq'])
        
        #--- Time domain plot -------------------------------------------------
        if settings['fileType'] == 1:
            plt.subplot(2, 2, 3)
            plt.plot(1000*timeScale[:round(samplesPerCode/2)], data[:round(samplesPerCode/2)])
            plt.axis('tight')
            plt.grid(True)
            plt.title('Time domain plot')
            plt.xlabel('Time (ms)')
            plt.ylabel('Amplitude')
        else:
            data = data[::2] + 1j*data[1::2]
            plt.subplot(3, 2, 4)
            plt.plot(1000*timeScale[:round(samplesPerCode/2)], np.real(data[:round(samplesPerCode/2)]))
            plt.axis('tight')
            plt.grid(True)
            plt.title('Time domain plot (I)')
            plt.xlabel('Time (ms)')
            plt.ylabel('Amplitude')
            plt.subplot(3, 2, 3)
            plt.plot(1000*timeScale[:round(samplesPerCode/2)], np.imag(data[:round(samplesPerCode/2)]))
            plt.axis('tight')
            plt.grid(True)
            plt.title('Time domain plot (Q)')
            plt.xlabel('Time (ms)')
            plt.ylabel('Amplitude')
        
        #--- Frequency domain plot --------------------------------------------
        if settings['fileType'] == 1:
            #Real Data
            plt.subplot(2, 2, 1)
            plt.subplot(2, 2, 2)
            f, Pxx = signal.welch(data, fs=settings['samplingFreq'], nperseg=32768, noverlap=2048, nfft=32768)
            plt.plot(f/1e6, 10*np.log10(Pxx))
        else:
            # I/Q Data
            plt.subplot(3, 2, 1)
            plt.subplot(3, 2, 2)
            f, Pxx = signal.welch(data, fs=settings['samplingFreq'], nperseg=32768, noverlap=2048, nfft=32768, return_onesided=False)
            plt.plot((np.concatenate((-f[len(f)//2:], f[:len(f)//2])))/1e6, 10*np.log10(np.concatenate((Pxx[len(Pxx)//2:], Pxx[:len(Pxx)//2]))))
        plt.axis('tight')
        plt.grid(True)
        plt.title('Frequency domain plot')
        plt.xlabel('Frequency (MHz)')
        plt.ylabel('Magnitude')
        
        #--- Histogram --------------------------------------------------------
        if settings['fileType'] == 1:
            plt.subplot(2, 2, 4)
            plt.hist(data, bins=np.arange(-128, 129))
            dmax = np.max(np.abs(data)) + 1
            plt.axis([-dmax, dmax, *plt.axis()[2:]])
            plt.grid(True)
            plt.title('Histogram')
            plt.xlabel('Bin')
            plt.ylabel('Number in bin')
        else:
            plt.subplot(3, 2, 6)
            plt.hist(np.real(data), bins=np.arange(-128, 129))
            dmax = np.max(np.abs(data)) + 1
            plt.axis([-dmax, dmax, *plt.axis()[2:]])
            plt.grid(True)
            plt.title('Histogram (I)')
            plt.xlabel('Bin')
            plt.ylabel('Number in bin')
            plt.subplot(3, 2, 5)
            plt.hist(np.imag(data), bins=np.arange(-128, 129))
            dmax = np.max(np.abs(data)) + 1
            plt.axis([-dmax, dmax, *plt.axis()[2:]])
            plt.grid(True)
            plt.title('Histogram (Q)')
            plt.xlabel('Bin')
            plt.ylabel('Number in bin')