使用循环链表并利用c语言编程解决约瑟夫环问题,并写出代码、
时间: 2024-10-21 10:14:25 浏览: 38
约瑟夫环问题是一个经典的计算机科学问题,涉及在一个循环列表中,按照一定的步长轮流删除节点。给定一个正整数k,以及一个包含n个整数的循环链表,每个数字表示链表上对应位置的人,从0开始计数。你需要找出最后一个留下的人的位置。
以下是使用C语言编程的一个简单解决方案:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct Node {
int data;
struct Node* next;
} Node;
// 创建新节点
Node* createNode(int data) {
Node* newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
newNode->data = data;
newNode->next = NULL;
return newNode;
}
// 插入节点到链表
void insertNode(Node** head, int data) {
Node* newNode = createNode(data);
if (*head == NULL) {
*head = newNode;
(*head)->next = *head; // 循环链表
} else {
newNode->next = *head;
Node* temp = *head;
while (temp->next != *head) {
temp = temp->next;
}
temp->next = newNode;
}
}
// 删除指定步长的节点
Node* deleteNode(Node* head, int k) {
if (head == NULL || k <= 0) return head;
Node* temp = head;
for (int i = 0; i < k - 1; ++i) {
temp = temp->next;
if (temp == head) break; // 如果到达头,则步长超过列表长度,直接返回
}
if (temp == head) return head;
Node* nextNode = temp->next;
free(temp); // 释放已删除节点
temp->next = nextNode->next; // 更新头指针
return head;
}
// 找到最后剩下的节点
int josephusProblem(Node* head, int k) {
Node* lastNode = deleteNode(head, k);
int position = 0;
Node* current = lastNode;
do {
current = current->next;
position++;
} while (current != lastNode);
return position;
}
int main() {
int n, k;
printf("请输入链表的元素个数(n): ");
scanf("%d", &n);
Node* head = NULL;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
int data;
printf("请输入第 %d 位的值: ", i);
scanf("%d", &data);
insertNode(&head, data);
}
printf("删除步长(k): ");
scanf("%d", &k);
int result = josephusProblem(head, k);
printf("最后剩下的人的位置是:%d\n", result);
return 0;
}
```
这个程序首先创建一个循环链表,然后通过`josephusProblem`函数按照指定步长删除节点,直到只剩下一个节点。`main`函数负责输入数据并打印结果。
阅读全文
相关推荐


















