class DouBanBook(object): def __init__(self, start_url, headers, queue): self.start_url = start_url self.headers = headers self.queue = queue def get_response(self, url): try: session = requests.Session() response = session.get(url, headers=self.headers) response.encoding = "utf-8" response.raise_for_status() return response except Exception as e: logging.warn(e.args, exc_info=False) logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARN, filename="doubanbook.log", filemode="w", format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s [line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s', datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S') # 获取图书标签页信息和链接 def parse_start_url(self, response): selector = Selector(text=response.text) # td_list = selector.xpath("//div[@class='article']/div[@class='']/div/table/tbody/tr/td") td_list = selector.xpath("//table[@class='tagCol']/tbody/tr/td") for td in td_list: items = {} items['book_tag'] = td.xpath("./a/text()").get() # 图书标签 tag_href = td.xpath("./a/@href").get() # 标签链接 tag_url = "https://book.douban.com" + tag_href self.queue.put(tag_url)

这段代码定义了一个名为 `DouBanBook` 的类，它具有以下几个方法：

- `__init__(self, start_url, headers, queue)`: 这是类的构造函数，用于初始化类的实例。它接受三个参数：`start_url`（起始URL）、`headers`（HTTP请求头）和 `queue`（队列）。

- `get_response(self, url)`: 这是一个用于发送HTTP请求并获取响应的方法。它使用 `requests` 库发送一个 GET 请求，并设置了请求头。如果请求成功，则返回响应对象；如果发生异常，则记录异常并返回 None。

- `parse_start_url(self, response)`: 这个方法用于解析起始URL的响应，并提取图书标签页信息和链接。它使用 `parsel` 库解析 HTML 页面，然后使用 XPath 表达式提取目标数据。最后，将标签链接放入队列中。

该类的作用是从豆瓣图书网站上获取图书标签页的信息和链接，并将链接放入队列中供后续处理。您还有其他问题吗？

相关问题

class XFAIUI: def __init__(self, app_id, api_key): self.app_id = app_id self.api_key = api_key self.url = "http://openapi.xfyun.cn/v2/aiui" self.aue = "raw" self.auth_id = "" self.data_type = "text" self.sample_rate = "16000" self.scene = "main" self.result_level = "complete" self.lat = "39.938838" self.lng = "116.368624" self.aiui_headers = { "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8", "Accept": "application/json" }auth_id應該要填什麽

auth_id是用于标识请求的唯一ID，可以填写任意字符串，但建议填写一个具有唯一性的字符串，例如一个UUID。这个字符串在后续的请求中必须保持一致，否则会被认为是新的请求。可以使用Python的uuid库来生成一个UUID，例如：

import uuid
auth_id = str(uuid.uuid1())

这样就可以生成一个唯一的字符串作为auth_id了。

帮我把一下代码设置一个合理请求头，并加入一个延时import requests import os from bs4 import BeautifulSoup class NovelDownloader: def __init__(self, root_url): self.root_url = root_url self.book_list = [] self.chapter_list = [] def get_url(self, url): while True: try: res = requests.get(url) if res.status_code == 200: print("页面获取成功！") return res.text else: print("页面返回异常！", res.status_code) except: print("页面获取错误！") def get_book_list(self): res = self.get_url(self.root_url) html = BeautifulSoup(res, "html.parser") a_list = html.find_all("a", {"class": "name"}) for a in a_list: self.book_list.append(a["href"]) self.book_list = [self.root_url + i for i in self.book_list] self.book_list.remove('http://www.biquge5200.cc/') def get_chapter_list(self, url): res = self.get_url(url) html = BeautifulSoup(res, "html.parser") a_list = html.find_all("a", {"class": "chapter"}) for a in a_list: self.chapter_list.append((a["href"], a.text.replace("\n", ""))) def get_content(self, chapter): url = self.root_url + chapter[0] print(url) book_name = chapter[0].split("/")[1] print(book_name) if not os.path.exists(book_name): os.mkdir(book_name) res = self.get_url(url) html = BeautifulSoup(res, "html.parser") content = html.find("div", {"id": "content"}).text print(content) path = os.path.join(book_name, chapter[1]) with open(path, "w", encoding="utf8") as f: f.write(content) def main(self): self.get_book_list() for book in self.book_list: self.get_chapter_list(book) for chapter in self.chapter_list: self.get_content(chapter) if __name__ == '__main__': root_url = "http://www.biquge5200.cc/" nd = NovelDownloader(root_url) nd.main()

好的，我可以帮你添加一个合理的请求头和延时。在 `get_url` 方法中，你可以添加一个请求头字典，来模拟浏览器发送请求。同时，在每次请求后添加一个时间延时，避免频繁请求被网站屏蔽。

修改后的代码如下所示：

import requests
import os
import time
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

class NovelDownloader:
    def __init__(self, root_url):
        self.root_url = root_url
        self.book_list = []
        self.chapter_list = []
        self.headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3"
        } # 添加请求头

    def get_url(self, url):
        while True:
            try:
                res = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers)
                if res.status_code == 200:
                    print("页面获取成功！")
                    return res.text
                else:
                    print("页面返回异常！", res.status_code)
            except:
                print("页面获取错误！")
            time.sleep(1) # 添加延时

    def get_book_list(self):
        res = self.get_url(self.root_url)
        html = BeautifulSoup(res, "html.parser")
        a_list = html.find_all("a", {"class": "name"})
        for a in a_list:
            self.book_list.append(a["href"])
        self.book_list = [self.root_url + i for i in self.book_list]
        self.book_list.remove('http://www.biquge5200.cc/')

    def get_chapter_list(self, url):
        res = self.get_url(url)
        html = BeautifulSoup(res, "html.parser")
        a_list = html.find_all("a", {"class": "chapter"})
        for a in a_list:
            self.chapter_list.append((a["href"], a.text.replace("\n", "")))

    def get_content(self, chapter):
        url = self.root_url + chapter[0]
        print(url)
        book_name = chapter[0].split("/")[1]
        print(book_name)
        if not os.path.exists(book_name):
            os.mkdir(book_name)
        res = self.get_url(url)
        html = BeautifulSoup(res, "html.parser")
        content = html.find("div", {"id": "content"}).text
        print(content)
        path = os.path.join(book_name, chapter[1])
        with open(path, "w", encoding="utf8") as f:
            f.write(content)

    def main(self):
        self.get_book_list()
        for book in self.book_list:
            self.get_chapter_list(book)
        for chapter in self.chapter_list:
            self.get_content(chapter)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root_url = "http://www.biquge5200.cc/"
    nd = NovelDownloader(root_url)
    nd.main()

这样就可以更好地模拟浏览器发送请求，避免被网站屏蔽。另外，可以根据需要调整延时时间，以达到更好的效果。