``` fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db)); ```fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));怎么改成std::cout
时间: 2024-10-12 15:04:54 浏览: 20
在C++中,如果你想将相同的错误信息输出到标准输出流(通常是指控制台)而不是标准错误流(stderr),你可以使用`std::cerr`替换为`std::cout`。这里是如何把代码改写成使用`std::cout`的方式:
```cpp
#include <iostream> // 引入iostream头文件
// 假设db是一个SQLite3数据库类型的变量
if (sqlite3_extended_result_codes(db, true)) { // 如果需要获取详细的错误消息
std::string sqlError = sqlite3_errmsg(db);
std::cout << "SQL error: " << sqlError << "\n";
} else {
// 处理正常情况或没有详细错误消息的情况
}
```
注意,`sqlite3_errmsg`返回的是一个动态分配的内存,所以在使用完后应该释放这个内存,例如:
```cpp
char* sqlError = sqlite3_errmsg(db);
// 使用sqlError
std::cout << "SQL error: " << sqlError << "\n";
sqlite3_free(sqlError); // 释放错误消息内存
```
这样就将错误信息从标准错误输出转移到了标准输出流。
相关问题
#include <stdio.h> #include "sqlite3.h" static int callback(void* NotUsed, int argc, char** argv, char** azColName) { int i; for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { printf("%s = %s\n", azColName[i], argv[i] ? argv[i] : "NULL"); } printf("\n"); return 0; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { sqlite3* db; char* zErrMsg = 0; int rc; char* dbfile = "test.db"; char* sql; rc = sqlite3_open(dbfile, &db); if (rc) { fprintf(stderr, "Can't open database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db)); sqlite3_close(db); return -1; } //在数据库中创建一个名为person的表 sql = "create table person(id int primary key,first_name text,last_name text);"; rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); if (rc != SQLITE_OK) { fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", zErrMsg); sqlite3_free(zErrMsg); } sql = "insert into person values (1,'zhang','san');" "insert into person values (2,'li','si');" "insert into person values (3,'wang','wu');" "insert into person values (4,'zhao','liu');" "insert into person values (5,'sun','qi');"; rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); if (rc != SQLITE_OK) { fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", zErrMsg); sqlite3_free(zErrMsg); } sql = "select * from person where id=3;"; rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); if (rc != SQLITE_OK) { fprintf(stderr, "Failed to select data: %s\n", zErrMsg); sqlite3_free(zErrMsg); } sql = "delete from person where id=5;"; rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); if (rc != SQLITE_OK) { fprintf(stderr, "Failed to delete data: %s\n", zErrMsg); sqlite3_free(zErrMsg); } sql = "select * from person;"; rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); if (rc != SQLITE_OK) { fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", zErrMsg); sqlite3_free(zErrMsg); } sqlite3_close(db); return 0; }添加注释
//引入头文件
#include <stdio.h>
#include "sqlite3.h"
//回调函数
static int callback(void* NotUsed, int argc, char** argv, char** azColName) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
printf("%s = %s\n", azColName[i], argv[i] ? argv[i] : "NULL");
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
//主函数
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
sqlite3* db;
char* zErrMsg = 0;
int rc;
char* dbfile = "test.db";
char* sql;
rc = sqlite3_open(dbfile, &db); //连接数据库
if (rc) {
fprintf(stderr, "Can't open database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
sqlite3_close(db);
return -1;
}
sql = "create table person(id int primary key,first_name text,last_name text);";
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); //创建表
if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sql = "insert into person values (1,'zhang','san');" "insert into person values (2,'li','si');" "insert into person values (3,'wang','wu');" "insert into person values (4,'zhao','liu');" "insert into person values (5,'sun','qi');";
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); //插入数据
if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sql = "select * from person where id=3;";
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); //查询数据
if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to select data: %s\n", zErrMsg);
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sql = "delete from person where id=5;";
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); //删除数据
if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to delete data: %s\n", zErrMsg);
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sql = "select * from person;";
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callback, 0, &zErrMsg); //查询数据
if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sqlite3_close(db); //关闭数据库连接
return 0;
}
sqlite3_errmsg
`sqlite3_errmsg` 是 SQLite 数据库引擎中的一个函数,用于获取最近一次 SQLite API 调用产生的错误信息。它的原型为:
```c
const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
```
其中,参数是一个指向已打开的数据库连接的指针。如果最近一次的 SQLite API 调用没有产生错误,那么 `sqlite3_errmsg` 返回一个空字符串。
当 SQLite API 调用出现错误时,`sqlite3_errmsg` 可以用来获取错误信息,以便排查问题。例如,假设在执行 SQL 查询时出现错误,可以使用 `sqlite3_errmsg` 来获取错误信息并输出到控制台:
```c
sqlite3 *db;
sqlite3_open("example.db", &db);
sqlite3_exec(db, "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 0;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
sqlite3_close(db);
```
在上面的示例中,`sqlite3_exec` 执行 SQL 查询时出现了错误,`sqlite3_errmsg` 用于获取错误信息并输出到控制台。
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