用随机产生的10个英文字符，分别用rinsert和hinsert，建立单链表，输出结果 c语言

在C语言中，我们可以使用结构体来表示链表节点，并利用`rand()`函数生成随机英文字符。这里我将简要地展示如何创建两个插入操作的函数：`rinsert`（随机插入）和`hinsert`（按字母顺序插入），然后输出链表。

首先，定义链表节点结构：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct Node {
    char data;
    struct Node* next;
} Node;

Node* createList(char* str) {
    int len = strlen(str);
    Node* head = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
    head->data = *str++;
    head->next = NULL;

    for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
        Node* newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
        newNode->data = *str++;
        newNode->next = head->next;
        head->next = newNode;
    }

    return head;
}

void rinsert(Node** head, Node** tail) {
    srand(time(0)); // 初始化随机数种子
    char random_char = 'a' + rand() % ('z' - 'a' + 1); // 随机英文字母
    Node* newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
    newNode->data = random_char;
    newNode->next = NULL;

    if (*tail == NULL) {
        *head = newNode;
        *tail = newNode;
    } else {
        newNode->next = *tail;
        *tail = newNode;
    }
}

void hinsert(Node** head, Node** tail, char key) {
    Node* current = *head;
    while (current != NULL && current->data < key) {
        current = current->next;
    }

    if (current == NULL) {
        newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
        newNode->data = key;
        newNode->next = *head;
        *head = newNode;
    } else {
        newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
        newNode->data = key;
        newNode->next = current->next;
        current->next = newNode;
    }
}

void printList(Node* head) {
    Node* temp = head;
    while (temp != NULL) {
        printf("%c -> ", temp->data);
        temp = temp->next;
    }
    printf("NULL\n");
}

int main() {
    char random_str[11] = "RandomString"; // 生成随机字符串示例
    Node* list = createList(random_str);

    Node* rtail = NULL;
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        rinsert(&list, &rtail);
    }

    printf("Random Insertion List:\n");
    printList(list);

    char hkey = random_str[strlen(random_str) / 2]; // 选择一个中间字符作为排序依据
    hinsert(&list, &rtail, hkey);

    printf("\nAlphabetically Sorted List with Key '%c':\n", hkey);
    printList(list);

    return 0;
}

这个程序首先创建一个包含随机字符的链表，然后用`rinsert`随机插入5个字符，接着使用`hinsert`按照字符顺序插入一个字符并打印最终链表。