Java 学生管理系统代码

Java 学生管理系统是一个常见的Java课程设计题目，其主要功能是对学生信息进行管理，包括添加学生信息、修改学生信息、删除学生信息以及查询学生信息等操作。具体的代码实现可以根据不同的需求而有所不同，但一般包括以下几个模块：

1. 学生类模块：定义学生类，包括学号、姓名、性别、年龄、班级等属性，并提供相应的get和set方法。

2. 数据库操作模块：包括连接数据库、创建数据库表、插入数据、删除数据、修改数据以及查询数据等操作。

3. 用户界面模块：提供用户界面，让用户可以通过界面完成对学生信息的增删改查等操作。

以下是一个简单的Java学生管理系统代码示例：

// 学生类
public class Student {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private int age;
    private String className;
    
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    
    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    
    public String getClassName() {
        return className;
    }
    
    public void setClassName(String className) {
        this.className = className;
    }
}

// 数据库操作类
public class DBUtil {
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8";
    private static final String USER = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "123456";
    
    public static Connection getConnection() {
        Connection conn = null;
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return conn;
    }
    
    public static void close(Connection conn, Statement stmt, ResultSet rs) {
        try {
            if (rs != null) {
                rs.close();
            }
            if (stmt != null) {
                stmt.close();
            }
            if (conn != null) {
                conn.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    // 创建数据库表
    public static void createTable() {
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        Statement stmt = null;
        try {
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            String sql = "create table if not exists student(id varchar(20), name varchar(20), gender varchar(4), age int, className varchar(20))";
            stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            close(conn, stmt, null);
        }
    }
    
    // 插入数据
    public static void insert(Student student) {
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        try {
            String sql = "insert into student(id, name, gender, age, className) values(?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setString(1, student.getId());
            pstmt.setString(2, student.getName());
            pstmt.setString(3, student.getGender());
            pstmt.setInt(4, student.getAge());
            pstmt.setString(5, student.getClassName());
            pstmt.executeUpdate();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, null);
        }
    }
    
    // 修改数据
    public static void update(Student student) {
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        try {
            String sql = "update student set name=?, gender=?, age=?, className=? where id=?";
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setString(1, student.getName());
            pstmt.setString(2, student.getGender());
            pstmt.setInt(3, student.getAge());
            pstmt.setString(4, student.getClassName());
            pstmt.setString(5, student.getId());
            pstmt.executeUpdate();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, null);
        }
    }
    
    // 删除数据
    public static void delete(String id) {
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        try {
            String sql = "delete from student where id=?";
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setString(1, id);
            pstmt.executeUpdate();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, null);
        }
    }
    
    // 查询数据
    public static List<Student> query(String keyword) {
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            String sql = "select * from student where name like ? or className like ?";
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setString(1, "%" + keyword + "%");
            pstmt.setString(2, "%" + keyword + "%");
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()) {
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setId(rs.getString("id"));
                student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                student.setGender(rs.getString("gender"));
                student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
                student.setClassName(rs.getString("className"));
                list.add(student);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
        return list;
    }
}

// 用户界面类
public class StudentFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener{
    private JTextField tfId, tfName, tfGender, tfAge, tfClassName;
    private JButton btnAdd, btnUpdate, btnDelete, btnQuery;
    private JTable table;
    
    public StudentFrame() {
        initUI();
    }
    
    // 初始化用户界面
    private void initUI() {
        setTitle("学生管理系统");
        
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(5, 2));
        panel1.add(new JLabel("学号："));
        tfId = new JTextField(20);
        panel1.add(tfId);
        
        panel1.add(new JLabel("姓名："));
        tfName = new JTextField(20);
        panel1.add(tfName);
        
        panel1.add(new JLabel("性别："));
        tfGender = new JTextField(20);
        panel1.add(tfGender);
        
        panel1.add(new JLabel("年龄："));
        tfAge = new JTextField(20);
        panel1.add(tfAge);
        
        panel1.add(new JLabel("班级："));
        tfClassName = new JTextField(20);
        panel1.add(tfClassName);
        
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        btnAdd = new JButton("添加");
        btnAdd.addActionListener(this);
        
        btnUpdate = new JButton("修改");
        btnUpdate.addActionListener(this);
        
        btnDelete = new JButton("删除");
        btnDelete.addActionListener(this);
        
        btnQuery = new JButton("查询");
        btnQuery.addActionListener(this);
        
        panel2.add(btnAdd);
        panel2.add(btnUpdate);
        panel2.add(btnDelete);
        
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        
        table = new JTable();
        
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table);
        
        panel3.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        
        add(panel1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        add(panel2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        add(panel3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        
        setSize(800, 600);
        
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        
        setVisible(true);
    }

	// 实现按钮事件处理
	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
	    if (e.getSource() == btnAdd) { // 添加学生信息
	        Student student = getStudentFromUI();
	        DBUtil.insert(student);
	    } else if (e.getSource() == btnUpdate) { // 修改学生信息
	        Student student = getStudentFromUI();
	        DBUtil.update(student);
	    } else if (e.getSource() == btnDelete) { // 删除学生信息
	        String id = tfId.getText().trim();
	        DBUtil.delete(id);
	    } else if (e.getSource() == btnQuery) { // 查询学生信息
	        String keyword = tfName.getText().trim();
	        List<Student> list = DBUtil.query(keyword);
	        showTableData(list);
	    }
	}

	// 从用户界面获取学生信息
	private Student getStudentFromUI() {
	    Student student = new Student();
	    student.setId(tfId.getText().trim());
	    student.setName(tfName.getText().trim());
	    student.setGender(tfGender.getText().trim());
	    student.setAge(Integer.parseInt(tfAge.getText().trim()));
	    student.setClassName(tfClassName.getText().trim());
	    return student;
	}
	
	// 显示查询结果到表格中
	private void showTableData(List<Student> list) {
	    DefaultTableModel model = new DefaultTableModel(new Object[][] {}, new Object[] {"学号", "姓名", "性别", "年龄", "班级"});
	    for (Student student : list) {
	        Object[] row = {student.getId(), student.getName(), student.getGender(), student.getAge(), student.getClassName()};
	        model.addRow(row);
	    }
	    table.setModel(model);
	}
}

// 主程序入口
public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
	    DBUtil.createTable(); // 创建数据库表
		new StudentFrame(); // 启动用户界面
	}
}