Python开发者指南：面向经验者的全面教程

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"《Python开发者手册》是一本专为经验丰富的程序员设计的指南，旨在介绍Python语言及其广泛应用。该书首先提供了一个简短的语言概述和语法介绍，随后深入探讨了一系列高级编程主题，如Python嵌入、网络编程、GUI工具包、Jython、Web开发以及Python/C API等。Python作为一种解释型、面向对象的编程语言，其语法简洁易学，鼓励程序员清晰地编写和思考代码。本书的特点是结构严谨，内容丰富，特别适合已经具备一定编程基础的开发者，帮助他们理解和掌握这个强大且快速发展的编程语言。通过《Python开发者手册》，读者不仅能学习到Python的基础知识，还能了解到如何将其应用于实际项目中，如构建网站、创建图形用户界面和利用Python与其他语言进行交互。书中涵盖了多个实用章节，如： 1. **语言简介**：对Python的基本概念进行入门级别的介绍，包括数据类型、控制流和函数等。 2. **Python嵌入**：指导如何将Python与现有程序集成，扩展其功能。 3. **网络编程**：探讨如何使用Python进行网络通信，处理HTTP请求和响应，以及socket编程。 4. **GUI工具包**：介绍如何使用Tkinter等工具构建跨平台的图形用户界面。 5. **Jython**：讲解基于Java的Python实现，以及在Java环境中使用Python的特性。 6. **Web开发**：涉及Django、Flask等Python Web框架的使用，以及服务器端编程技术。 7. **Python/C API**：介绍Python与C语言的接口，让开发者能够更深入地与系统底层交互。《Python开发者手册》的作者André Dos Santos Lessa确保了每一章内容的准确性和实用性，使读者能够在实践中不断提升技能。该书于2000年12月首次出版，至今仍在不断更新以适应Python语言的发展。这是一本全面而实用的资源，无论你是希望巩固Python基础，还是寻求在现代软件开发中使用Python的策略，都能从中获益匪浅。"

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Part I: Basic Programming

Part I Basic Programming

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Language Review

Chapter 3 Python Libraries

Chapter 4 Exception Handling

Chapter 5 Object-Oriented Programming

Last updated on 1/30/2002

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Introduction to Python

Python is an open source language that is getting a lot of attention from the market. It combines ease of

use with the capability to run on multiple platforms because it is implemented focusing on every major

operating system. Guido van Rossum created the language nearly 11 years ago and since then, Python

has changed through the years, turning itself into one of the most powerful programming languages

currently available.

Python is a good prototype language. In just a few minutes, you can develop prototypes that would take

you several hours in other languages. It also embodies all object-oriented concepts as part of its core

engine. Therefore, creating programming object-oriented applications in Python is much easier than it

would be in other languages such as Java or C++.

As I just said, Python is an open source project. Consequently, it is truly free. No copylefts or

copyrights are involved in its license agreement. You can change it, modify it, give it away, sell it, and

even freely distribute it for commercial use. Its copyright only protects the author from legal problems

that might occur if someone decides to sue the author for errors caused by using Python, or if someone

else tries to claim ownership of the language.

Maybe you still don't know Python, but many companies are out there using it. The problem is these

companies don't want to go public talking about it because they think that using Python without getting

the attention of their competitors is a good strategy. Okay, I know that you are curious to know who in

the world is using Python. Organizations like Industrial Light and Magic, Yahoo!, Red Hat, and NASA

are some of companies that run Python applications.

Note

You can always check out the latest news about Python by visiting

http://www.python.org/News.html.

Nowadays, many developers are contributing to Python's support. That means that, currently, a lot of

people are testing and designing modules for the language. If you spend some time visiting Python's

official Web site, you can get a list of several development groups that are working hard to give Python

some support to new technologies, such as XML and image processing.

Both Perl and Java already have a large group of programmers who are very devoted to their

programming languages, and, today, Python is starting to get there.

Notice that Python is a language extremely easy to code if you have ever programmed before. Guido

claims to have fun every time he has to do something using Python. Learning Python through this book

will be exciting too. Soon, you will have some practice and understand the reason I say that.

In this chapter, I give you a quick overview of Python's main features. The other chapters of this book

cover in detail the topics that I mention next.

Python!? What Is It?

Let's define Python:

Python is an interpreted, high-level programming language, pure object-oriented, and powerful server-

side scripting language for the Web. Like all scripting languages, Python code resembles pseudo code.

Its syntax's rules and elegant design make it readable even among multiprogrammer development

teams. The language doesn't provide a rich syntax, which is really helpful. The idea behind that is to

keep you thinking about the business rules of your application and not to spend time trying to figure out

what command you should use.

Quoting Guido van Rossum—"Rich syntax is more of a burden than a help."

It is also true (and later you will have a chance to check it out) that Python is interactive, portable, easy

to learn, easy to use, and a serious language. Furthermore, it provides dynamic semantics and rapid

prototyping capabilities.

Python is largely known as a glue language that connects existing components. It is embeddable in

applications from other languages (C/C++, Java, and so on), and it is also possible to add new modules

to Python, extending its core vocabulary.

Python is a very stable language because it has been in the market for the last 10 years and also because

its interpreter and all standard libraries have their source code available along with the binaries.

Distributing the sources for everyone is a good development strategy because it makes developers from

all around the world work together. Anyone can submit suggestions and patches to the official

development team, led by Python's creator—Guido van Rossum.

Guido is the coauthor of the second implementation of the scripting language ABC—a language that

was used, mostly, for teaching purposes in the '80s by a small number of people. Python is directly

derived from ABC.

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