ReportLab PDF Library User Guide

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"reportlab英文用户手册 - Python PDF库指南" ReportLab是一个强大的Python库，专为生成PDF文档而设计。这个用户手册是ReportLab版本4.0.4的指南，详细介绍了如何利用该库创建PDF文件。手册的日期为2023年7月17日，由Wimbletech在伦敦编写。在第一章“介绍”中，手册涵盖了以下几个方面： 1.1 关于这份文档：这部分简要介绍文档的目的和内容。 1.2 ReportLab PDF库是什么？它解释了ReportLab库的核心功能，即提供Python接口来创建PDF文档。 1.3 ReportLab的商业软件：讨论了ReportLab提供的非开源组件和服务。 1.4 什么是Python？对Python编程语言进行了简要介绍，强调其在报告生成中的应用。 1.5 致谢：感谢为项目做出贡献的人。 1.6 安装与设置：详细指导用户如何在自己的环境中安装和配置ReportLab库。 1.7 参与其中：鼓励用户参与ReportLab的开发和社区活动。 1.8 网站配置：讨论如何配置网站以使用ReportLab库。 1.9 学习更多关于Python的知识：推荐进一步学习Python的资源。 1.10 3.x版本系列的目标：概述3.x版本的主要改进和目标。第二章“使用pdfgen进行图形和文本处理”深入探讨了创建PDF内容的具体技术： 2.1 基本概念：介绍创建PDF文档的基本概念和工作流程。 2.2 更多关于Canvas：Canvas是ReportLab中的核心类，用于绘制图形和文本的基础。 2.3 绘图操作：描述了各种绘图命令，如线条、形状和路径。 2.4 工具：“draw”操作：列出用于绘制图形的函数，如drawLine、drawString等。 2.5 工具箱：“state change”操作：介绍改变画布状态的方法，如设置颜色、字体等。 2.6 其他canvas方法：概述了更多与Canvas相关的辅助方法。 2.7 坐标（默认用户空间）：解释PDF中的坐标系统和单位。 2.8 颜色：详细讨论颜色的表示和管理，包括颜色空间。 2.9 颜色检查：确保颜色设置的正确性。 2.10 颜色叠印：解释如何处理颜色叠加效果。 2.11 标准字体和文本对象：介绍了PDF支持的标准字体以及如何使用它们。 2.12 文本对象方法：描述了操作文本的函数，如移动文本位置、设置样式等。 2.13 路径和线条：如何绘制复杂的线条和路径。 2.14 矩形、圆圈和椭圆：如何创建这些基本形状。 2.15 Bezier曲线：介绍了贝塞尔曲线的使用，用于绘制平滑的曲线。 2.16 Path对象方法：详细介绍了路径对象的处理方式。 2.17 进一步阅读：推荐了更多关于ReportLab和其他PDF相关的学习资料。该手册为Python开发者提供了全面的指导，无论你是初次接触ReportLab还是希望深化对PDF生成的理解，都能从中受益。通过这个指南，你可以学会如何利用ReportLab创建包含丰富图形和文本的高质量PDF文档。

Changing Colors

canvas.setFillColorCMYK(c, m, y, k)

canvas.setStrikeColorCMYK(c, m, y, k)

canvas.setFillColorRGB(r, g, b)

canvas.setStrokeColorRGB(r, g, b)

canvas.setFillColor(acolor)

canvas.setStrokeColor(acolor)

canvas.setFillGray(gray)

canvas.setStrokeGray(gray)

PDF supports three different color models: gray level, additive (red/green/blue or RGB), and subtractive with

darkness parameter (cyan/magenta/yellow/darkness or CMYK). The ReportLab packages also provide named

colors such as lawngreen. There are two basic color parameters in the graphics state: the Fill color for

the interior of graphic figures and the Stroke color for the boundary of graphic figures. The above methods

support setting the fill or stroke color using any of the four color specifications.

Changing Fonts

canvas.setFont(psfontname, size, leading = None)

The setFont method changes the current text font to a given type and size. The leading parameter spe-

cifies the distance down to move when advancing from one text line to the next.

Changing Graphical Line Styles

canvas.setLineWidth(width)

canvas.setLineCap(mode)

canvas.setLineJoin(mode)

canvas.setMiterLimit(limit)

canvas.setDash(self, array=[], phase=0)

Lines drawn in PDF can be presented in a number of graphical styles. Lines can have different widths, they

can end in differing cap styles, they can meet in different join styles, and they can be continuous or they can

be dotted or dashed. The above methods adjust these various parameters.

Changing Geometry

canvas.setPageSize(pair)

canvas.transform(a,b,c,d,e,f):

canvas.translate(dx, dy)

canvas.scale(x, y)

canvas.rotate(theta)

User Guide Chapter 2 Graphics and Text with pdfgen

Page 16

canvas.skew(alpha, beta)

All PDF drawings fit into a specified page size. Elements drawn outside of the specified page size are not vis-

ible. Furthermore all drawn elements are passed through an affine transformation which may adjust their loca-

tion and/or distort their appearence. The setPageSize method adjusts the current page size. The

transform, translate, scale, rotate, and skew methods add additional transformations to the cur-

rent transformation. It is important to remember that these transformations are incremental -- a new transform

modifies the current transform (but does not replace it).

State control

canvas.saveState()

canvas.restoreState()

Very often it is important to save the current font, graphics transform, line styles and other graphics state in

order to restore them later. The saveState method marks the current graphics state for later restoration by

a matching restoreState. Note that the save and restore method invokation must match -- a restore call

restores the state to the most recently saved state which hasn't been restored yet. You cannot save the state on

one page and restore it on the next, however -- no state is preserved between pages.

2.6 Other canvas methods.

Not all methods of the canvas object fit into the "tool" or "toolbox" categories. Below are some of the mis-

fits, included here for completeness.

canvas.setAuthor()

canvas.addOutlineEntry(title, key, level=0, closed=None)

canvas.setTitle(title)

canvas.setSubject(subj)

canvas.pageHasData()

canvas.showOutline()

canvas.bookmarkPage(name)

canvas.bookmarkHorizontalAbsolute(name, yhorizontal)

canvas.doForm()

canvas.beginForm(name, lowerx=0, lowery=0, upperx=None, uppery=None)

canvas.endForm()

canvas.linkAbsolute(contents, destinationname, Rect=None, addtopage=1, name=None, **kw)

canvas.linkRect(contents, destinationname, Rect=None, addtopage=1, relative=1, name=None, **kw)

canvas.getPageNumber()

canvas.addLiteral()

canvas.getAvailableFonts()

canvas.stringWidth(self, text, fontName, fontSize, encoding=None)

canvas.setPageCompression(onoff=1)

canvas.setPageTransition(self, effectname=None, duration=1,

direction=0,dimension='H',motion='I')

2.7 Coordinates (default user space)

By default locations on a page are identified by a pair of numbers. For example the pair (4.5*inch,

1*inch) identifies the location found on the page by starting at the lower left corner and moving to the right

4.5 inches and up one inch.

For example, the following function draws a number of elements on a canvas.

def coords(canvas):

from reportlab.lib.units import inch

from reportlab.lib.colors import pink, black, red, blue, green

c = canvas

c.setStrokeColor(pink)

c.grid([inch, 2*inch, 3*inch, 4*inch], [0.5*inch, inch, 1.5*inch, 2*inch, 2.5*inch])

c.setStrokeColor(black)

c.setFont("Times-Roman", 20)

c.drawString(0,0, "(0,0) the Origin")

c.drawString(2.5*inch, inch, "(2.5,1) in inches")

c.drawString(4*inch, 2.5*inch, "(4, 2.5)")

c.setFillColor(red)

User Guide Chapter 2 Graphics and Text with pdfgen

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