μC/FS文件系统用户与参考手册

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"UCOS文件系统使用手册" µC/FS是一个专门为嵌入式系统设计的、与CPU无关的文件系统，由Micriµm Technologies Corporation开发。本文档是µC/FS的用户和参考手册，适用于软件版本1.26。尽管文档为英文，但它是了解和使用UCOS上文件系统的重要资料。 µC/FS的核心特性包括： 1. **CPU独立性**：由于设计时考虑了CPU的无关性，因此它可以灵活地在各种微控制器平台上运行，不局限于特定的处理器架构。 2. **小型化**：作为一款嵌入式系统用的文件系统，它被优化以适应有限的内存和存储资源，适合资源受限的设备。 3. **支持多种文件系统类型**：µC/FS可能支持FAT12、FAT16、FAT32等常见的文件系统格式，允许在不同的存储介质（如SD卡、闪存等）上操作。 4. **错误处理和恢复**：考虑到嵌入式系统的稳定性和可靠性，µC/FS内置了错误检测和恢复机制，确保数据的安全性。 5. **线程安全**：在多任务环境如UCOS中，µC/FS提供了线程安全的操作，确保多个任务并发访问文件系统时不会出现冲突。使用手册中会包含以下内容： 1. **安装与配置**：详细说明如何在UCOS环境中集成和配置µC/FS，包括编译设置、初始化过程和内存管理。 2. **API接口**：列出所有可用的文件系统操作函数，如文件的创建、打开、读写、关闭、重命名以及目录的管理等。 3. **错误处理**：描述如何处理和调试文件系统操作过程中可能出现的错误代码。 4. **性能优化**：提供关于如何提高文件系统操作效率的建议，如缓存策略、I/O调度等。 5. **示例代码**：包含实际应用的代码示例，帮助开发者理解和使用这些API。 6. **兼容性与限制**：列出对不同硬件平台和存储设备的支持情况，以及可能存在的限制。 7. **许可证信息**：解释软件的授权条款，规定软件的使用、复制和分发条件。虽然文档是英文的，但通过翻译工具和对文件系统原理的理解，开发者可以顺利地利用这份手册来开发和维护UCOS上的文件系统功能。为了充分利用µC/FS，开发者应仔细阅读文档，理解每个功能的细节，并根据项目需求进行适当的定制和优化。

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configuration. Usually µC/FS‘s source code builds without any compiler

warning.

Once you can build the application, you should be able to use it with your

target’s debugger environment just like we did with the Visual C++ sample

project.

Congratulations, you have successfully integrated µC/FS into your system. .

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5. Configuration of µC/FS

In your configuration directory for µC/FS, you will find two files, which allow you

to configure the file system according to your requirements. In this chapter, you

will find a description of each of these files.

5.1.fs_conf.h

This is the main configuration file for the file system. You define which drivers

you want to use and, the configurations for these drivers.

Example

#ifndef _FS_CONF_H_

#define _FS_CONF_H_

**********************************************************************

* Micrium, Inc.

* 949 Crestview Circle

* Weston, FL 33327-1848

* uC/FS

***********************************************************************

----------------------------------------------------------------------

File : fs_conf.h

Purpose : File system configuration

Usually all configuration of the file system for your

system can be done by changing this file.

If you are using a big endian system or a totally

different architecture, you may have to modify the file

"fs_port.h".

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Version-Date-----Author-Explanation

----------------------------------------------------------------------

1.00.00 20020815 First release

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Known problems or limitations with current version

----------------------------------------------------------------------

None.

---------------------------END-OF-HEADER------------------------------

/*********************************************************************

* #define constants

**********************************************************************

/*********************************************************************

* Number of file handles

Set the maximum number of simultaneously open files in your system.

Please be aware, that the file system requires one FS_FILE structure

for each open file. If you are using FAT, each file will also require

two sector buffers.

#define FS_MAXOPEN 4 /* Maximum number of file handles */

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/*********************************************************************

* OS Layer

Set all to 0, if you do not want OS support.

#define FS_OS_EMBOS 1 /* 1 = use embOS */

#define FS_OS_UCOS_II 0 /* 1 = use uC/OS-II */

#define FS_OS_WINDOWS 0 /* 1 = use WINDOWS */

#if ((FS_OS_WINDOWS==1) && ((FS_OS_EMBOS==1) || (FS_OS_UCOS_II==1)))

#error You must not use Windows at the same time as embOS or uC/OS-II!

#endif

/*********************************************************************

* Time/Date support

If your system does support ANSI C library functions for time/date,

you can set this to 1. If it is set to 0, functions FS_OS_Get_Date

and FS_OS_Get_Time will return the date 1.01.1980 0:00 unless you

modify them.

#define FS_OS_TIME_SUPPORT 0 /* 1 = time()/date supported */

/*********************************************************************

* File System Layer

You can turn on/off the file system layers used in your system.

At least one layer has to be active. Because currently there is only

one file system layer supported (FAT), you will usually not change

this setting.

#define FS_USE_FAT_FSL 1 /* FAT12/FAT16 file system */

/*********************************************************************

* Device Driver Support

You can turn on/off device driver supported in your system.

If you turn on a driver, please check also its settings in this

file below.

#define FS_USE_SMC_DRIVER 1 /* SmartMedia card driver */

#define FS_USE_WINDRIVE_DRIVER 0 /* Windows Logical Drive driver */

#define FS_USE_RAMDISK_DRIVER 1 /* RAM Disk driver */

#if (!defined(_WIN32) && (FS_USE_WINDRIVE_DRIVER))

#error Windows Logical Drive driver needs Windows API

#endif

/*********************************************************************

* FAT File System Layer defines

#if FS_USE_FAT_FSL

For each media in your system using FAT, the file system reserves

memory to keep required information of the boot sector of that media.

FS_MAXDEV is the number of device drivers in your system used

with FAT, FS_FAT_MAXUNIT is the maximum number of logical units

supported by one of the activated drivers.

#define FS_MAXDEV (FS_USE_SMC_DRIVER + FS_USE_WINDRIVE_DRIVER +

FS_USE_RAMDISK_DRIVER)

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#define FS_FAT_MAXUNIT 2 /* max number of medias per device

Do not change following defines !

They may become configurable in future versions of the file system.

#define FS_FAT_SEC_SIZE 0x200 /* do not change for FAT */

#define FS_FAT_MAXCLST 100000 /* max cluster number (do not

change) */

#endif /* FS_USE_FAT_FSL */

/*********************************************************************

* RAMDISK_DRIVER defines

#if FS_USE_RAMDISK_DRIVER

Define size of your RAM disk here.

You specify the number of sectors (512 bytes) here.

#define FS_RR_BLOCKNUM 32 /* 16KB RAM */

Do not change following define !

It may become configurable in future versions of the file system.

#define FS_RR_BLOCKSIZE 0x200 /* do not change for FAT */

#endif /* FS_USE_RAMDISK_DRIVER */

/*********************************************************************

* SMC_DRIVER defines

Settings of the generic Smartmedia Card driver.

For using SMC in your system, you will have to provide basic

hardware access functions. Please check device\smc\hardware\XXX\smc_hw.c

and device\smc\hardware\XXX\smc_hw.h for samples.

#if FS_USE_SMC_DRIVER

Number of card readers in your system.

Please note, that even if your system does have more than one

SMC slot, it might be unable to access them both at the same

time, because they share resources (e.g. same data port). If that

is true for your system, you must ensure, that your implementation

of "FS_OS_Lock_deviceop(&_FS_smcdevice_driver,id)" blocks the device

driver for all values of "id"; the default implementation of the

file system's OS Layer does so.

#define FS_SMC_MAXUNIT 2 /* EP7312 SMC + on board NAND

The following define does tell the generic driver, if your

system can directly check the SMC RY/BY line.

#define FS_SMC_HW_SUPPORT_BSYLINE_CHECK 0 /* EP7312 does not support */

FS_SMC_HW_NEEDS_POLL has to be set, if your SMC hardware driver

needs to be called periodically for status check (e.g. diskchange).

In such a case, the generic driver does provide a function

"void FS_smc_check_card(FS_u32 id)", which has to be called

periodically by your system for each card reader.

#define FS_SMC_HW_NEEDS_POLL 1 /* EP7312 needs poll for

diskchange */

#endif /* FS_USE_SMC_DRIVER */

/*********************************************************************

* WINDRIVE_DRIVER defines

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This driver does allow to use any Windows logical driver on a

Windows NT system with the file system. Please be aware, that Win9X

is not supported, because it cannot access logical drives with

"CreateFile".

#if FS_USE_WINDRIVE_DRIVER

The following define tells WINDRIVE, how many logical drives

of your NT system you are going to access with the file system.

if your are going to use more than 2 logical drives, you

will have to modify function "_FS_wd_devstatus" of module

device\windriver\wd_misc.c.

#define FS_WD_MAXUNIT 2 /* number of windows drives */

Specify names of logical Windows drives used with the file system. For

example,

"\\\\.\\A:" is usually the floppy of your computer.

#define FS_WD_DEV0NAME "\\\\.\\E:" /* Windows drive name for

"windrv:0:" */

#define FS_WD_DEV1NAME "\\\\.\\A:" /* Windows drive name for

"windrv:1:" */

To improve performance of WINDRIVE, it does use sector caches

for read/write operations to avoid real device operations for

each read/write access. The number of caches can be specified

below and must not be smaller than 1.

#define FS_WD_CACHENUM 40 /* number of read caches per

drive */

#define FS_WD_WBUFFNUM 20 /* number of write caches per

drive */

Do not change following define !

It may become configurable in future versions of the file system.

#define FS_WD_BLOCKSIZE 0x200 /* do not change for FAT */

#endif /* FS_USE_WINDRIVE_DRIVER */

#endif /* _FS_CONF_H_ */

5.1.1.OS support

You can specify whether you are using uC/OS-II, embOS, Windows or no OS

support at all. Please set FS_OS_UCOS_II, FS_OS_EMBOS,

FS_OS_WINDOWS to 1, respectively. For no OS support at all, set all of them to

0. If you need support for an additional OS, you will have to provide functions

described in the chapter “OS integration”.

5.1.2.Time/Date support

If you want to be able to add date and times to your files, you will need to set

FS_OS_TIME_SUPPORT to 1.

5.1.3.File System Layer Support

µC/FS can support different file system at the same time. You can enable them

by setting FS_USE_XXX_FSL, where XXX is the name of the file system layer.

The current version of µC/FS only supports the FAT file system, so you will

need to set FS_USE_FAT_FSL to 1.

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