使用ASP.NET Core MVC构建跨平台Web应用

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"Pro ASP.NET Core MVC 第六版 pdf" 这篇资源是Adam Freeman编著的《Pro ASP.NET Core MVC》第六版的PDF版本，主要面向的是使用Microsoft最新框架ASP.NET Core MVC进行云端准备的Web应用程序开发的程序员。这本书详细介绍了如何利用ASP.NET Core MVC构建跨平台的Web应用。在ASP.NET Core中，MVC（Model-View-Controller）是一种设计模式，它将应用程序分为三个主要组件：模型（Model）、视图（View）和控制器（Controller）。模型负责处理业务逻辑和数据管理，视图则负责展示数据，而控制器则充当用户交互的中介，处理请求并决定何时更新模型或视图。ASP.NET Core MVC框架提供了强大的工具和支持，使得开发者能够更高效地构建可维护、可扩展的Web应用。第六版的更新可能涵盖了自第五版以来ASP.NET Core的重大改进和新特性，包括： 1. **跨平台支持**：ASP.NET Core的一大突破是它的跨平台能力，开发者现在可以在Windows、Linux和macOS上构建和运行.NET Core应用。 2. **依赖注入**：ASP.NET Core内置了强大的依赖注入容器，有助于实现松散耦合和测试驱动开发，使得服务可以更容易地在应用中被共享和管理。 3. **Kestrel Web服务器**：ASP.NET Core使用新的Kestrel服务器，它比以前的IIS Express更加轻量级且性能更高，可以作为直接对外的Web服务器，或者与其他反向代理服务器如Nginx或Apache集成。 4. **中间件**：ASP.NET Core引入了中间件概念，这是一种处理HTTP请求和响应的管道系统，允许开发者灵活地插入自定义逻辑，如身份验证、日志记录和CORS策略。 5. **Razor视图引擎**：Razor视图引擎提供了简洁的语法，用于创建HTML模板，结合C#代码，使得视图的编写更加直观。 6. **EF Core**：对于数据库操作，ASP.NET Core使用了Entity Framework Core，它是EF的一个轻量化、高性能的版本，支持多种数据库，提供了ORM（对象关系映射）功能。 7. **Blazor**：虽然不是MVC框架的一部分，但第六版可能也会提及ASP.NET Core的Blazor框架，它允许使用C#构建客户端Web应用，而不是传统的JavaScript。 8. **持续集成与持续部署（CI/CD）**：书中可能会介绍如何与Azure DevOps、GitHub Actions等工具集成，实现自动化构建和部署流程。 9. **改进的测试支持**：ASP.NET Core提供了更好的测试集成，例如对xUnit和Moq的支持，使得单元测试和集成测试更为便捷。 10. **性能优化**：ASP.NET Core的设计注重性能，第六版可能会讨论如何通过配置和优化代码来提升应用性能。《Pro ASP.NET Core MVC 第六版》这本书是ASP.NET Core开发者的重要参考资料，它不仅涵盖了基本概念和技术，还深入讲解了最佳实践和高级特性，帮助读者掌握构建现代、高效的Web应用所需的全部知识。

■ CONTENTS

xvi

■Chapter 15: URL Routing.................................................................................... 425

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 427

Creating the Model Class ....................................................................................................................428

Creating the Example Controllers .......................................................................................................429

Creating the View ...............................................................................................................................430

Introducing URL Patterns ............................................................................................. 431

Creating and Registering a Simple Route .................................................................... 433

Deﬁ ning Default Values ................................................................................................ 434

Deﬁ ning Inline Default Values .............................................................................................................435

Using Static URL Segments .......................................................................................... 437

Deﬁ ning Custom Segment Variables ............................................................................ 442

Using Custom Variables as Action Method Parameters ......................................................................444

Deﬁ ning Optional URL Segments ........................................................................................................446

Deﬁ ning Variable-Length Routes ........................................................................................................448

Constraining Routes ..................................................................................................... 451

Constraining a Route Using a Regular Expression .............................................................................. 454

Using Type and Value Constraints .......................................................................................................455

Combining Constraints .......................................................................................................................456

Deﬁ ning a Custom Constraint .............................................................................................................457

Using Attribute Routing ................................................................................................ 460

Preparing for Attribute Routing ...........................................................................................................460

Applying Attribute Routing ..................................................................................................................461

Applying Route Constraints ................................................................................................................464

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 464

■Chapter 16: Advanced Routing Features ........................................................... 465

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 466

Generating Outgoing URLs in Views ............................................................................. 468

Generating Outgoing Links .................................................................................................................468

Generating URLs (and Not Links) ........................................................................................................479

■ CONTENTS

xvii

Customizing the Routing System ................................................................................. 480

Changing the Routing System Conﬁ guration ......................................................................................481

Creating a Custom Route Class ..........................................................................................................482

Working with Areas ...................................................................................................... 493

Creating an Area .................................................................................................................................493

Creating an Area Route .......................................................................................................................494

Populating an Area .............................................................................................................................495

Generating Links to Actions in Areas ..................................................................................................497

URL Schema Best Practices ......................................................................................... 499

Make Your URLs Clean and Human-Friendly ......................................................................................499

GET and POST: Pick the Right One ......................................................................................................500

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 501

■Chapter 17: Controllers and Actions .................................................................. 503

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 504

Preparing the Views ............................................................................................................................506

Understanding Controllers ............................................................................................ 508

Creating Controllers ..................................................................................................... 508

Creating POCO Controllers ..................................................................................................................508

Using the Controller Base Class .........................................................................................................511

Receiving Context Data ................................................................................................ 512

Getting Data from Context Objects .....................................................................................................512

Using Action Method Parameters .......................................................................................................517

Producing a Response .................................................................................................. 519

Producing a Response Using the Context Object ................................................................................519

Understanding Action Results .............................................................................................................520

Producing an HTML Response ............................................................................................................522

Performing Redirections .....................................................................................................................531

Returning Different Types of Content ..................................................................................................538

■ CONTENTS

xviii

Responding with the Contents of Files ...............................................................................................540

Returning Errors and HTTP Codes ......................................................................................................542

Understanding the Other Action Result Classes .................................................................................544

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 545

■Chapter 18: Dependency Injection ..................................................................... 547

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 548

Creating the Model and Repository ....................................................................................................549

Creating the Controller and View ........................................................................................................551

Creating the Unit Test Project .............................................................................................................553

Creating Loosely Coupled Components ........................................................................ 554

Examining Closely Coupled Components............................................................................................554

Introducing ASP.NET Dependency Injection .................................................................. 561

Preparing for Dependency Injection ...................................................................................................561

Conﬁ guring the Service Provider ........................................................................................................562

Unit Testing a Controller with a Dependency ......................................................................................564

Using Dependency Chains ..................................................................................................................565

Using Dependency Injection for Concrete Types .................................................................................568

Understanding Service Life Cycles ............................................................................... 570

Using the Transient Life Cycle.............................................................................................................570

Using the Scoped Life Cycle ...............................................................................................................574

Using the Singleton Life Cycle ............................................................................................................576

Using Action Injection ................................................................................................... 577

Using the Property Injection Attributes ......................................................................... 577

Manually Requesting an Implementation Object .......................................................... 578

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 579

■ CONTENTS

xix

■Chapter 19: Filters ............................................................................................. 581

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 582

Enabling SSL .......................................................................................................................................583

Creating the Controller and View ........................................................................................................584

Using Filters ................................................................................................................. 586

Understanding Filters ................................................................................................... 589

Getting Context Data ...........................................................................................................................589

Using Authorization Filters ........................................................................................... 590

Creating an Authorization Filter ..........................................................................................................591

Using Action Filters ...................................................................................................... 593

Creating an Action Filter .....................................................................................................................595

Creating an Asynchronous Action Filter ..............................................................................................597

Using Result Filters ...................................................................................................... 598

Creating a Result Filter .......................................................................................................................599

Creating an Asynchronous Result Filter ..............................................................................................600

Creating a Hybrid Action/Result Filter .................................................................................................602

Using Exception Filters ................................................................................................. 604

Creating an Exception Filter ...............................................................................................................605

Using Dependency Injection for Filters ......................................................................... 607

Resolving Filter Dependencies ...........................................................................................................607

Managing Filter Life Cycles ................................................................................................................611

Creating Global Filters .................................................................................................. 614

Understanding and Changing Filter Order .................................................................... 617

Changing Filter Order .........................................................................................................................619

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 620

■Chapter 20: API Controllers ............................................................................... 621

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 622

Creating the Model and Repository ....................................................................................................622

Creating the Controller and Views ......................................................................................................624

Conﬁ guring the Application ................................................................................................................626

■ CONTENTS

Understanding the Role of RESTful Controllers ............................................................ 628

Understanding the Speed Problem .....................................................................................................629

Understanding the Efﬁ ciency Problem ...............................................................................................629

Understanding the Openness Problem ...............................................................................................630

Introducing REST and API Controllers .......................................................................... 630

Creating an API Controller ...................................................................................................................631

Testing an API Controller .....................................................................................................................635

Using the API Controller in the Browser ..............................................................................................639

Understanding Content Formatting .............................................................................. 641

Understanding the Default Content Policy ..........................................................................................642

Understanding Content Negotiation ....................................................................................................643

Specifying an Action Data Format ......................................................................................................646

Getting the Data Format from the Route or Query String ...................................................................647

Enabling Full Content Negotiation ......................................................................................................648

Receiving Different Data Formats .......................................................................................................650

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 651

■Chapter 21: Views ............................................................................................. 653

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 654

Creating a Custom View Engine ................................................................................... 656

Creating a Custom IView ....................................................................................................................657

Creating an IViewEngine Implementation ...........................................................................................658

Registering a Custom View Engine .....................................................................................................659

Testing the View Engine ......................................................................................................................660

Working with the Razor Engine .................................................................................... 663

Preparing the Example Project ...........................................................................................................663

Demystifying Razor Views ..................................................................................................................665

Adding Dynamic Content to a Razor View .................................................................... 669

Using Layout Sections ........................................................................................................................669

Using Partial Views .............................................................................................................................675

Adding JSON Content to Views ...........................................................................................................678

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