Eur. Phys. J. C (2018) 78 :900 Page 3 of 11 900
M =−
β
2
2
−
γμ
2
+ 1
6γ
+
1
6γ
+
μ
2
2
F
1
1
4
,
1
2
;
5
4
;−γμ
2
3
+ 1 . (12)
The Hawking temperature of the black brane is
T =
1
4π
3 −
β
2
2
+
1
2γ
1 −
γμ
2
+ 1
. (13)
This black brane solution is specified by the two dimension-
less parameters
ˆ
T =
T
μ
BI
and
ˆ
β =
β
μ
BI
, in which the tem-
perature can be reexpressed as
ˆ
T =
−
ˆ
β
2
γμ
2
BI
−
γμ
2
+ 1 +6γ + 1
8πγμ
BI
. (14)
Now, we have obtained an analytical black brane solu-
tion in the framework of Einstein–Born–Infeld-axions the-
ory. Notice that when γ → 0, the non-linear action for
Maxwell field (1) can be expanded into the hand-given form
Eq. (2.9) with tiny in [68]. And they discuss the case
>0 (corresponding to γ<0 here) to address the insu-
lating phase. But when γ<0, there is a value of γ , below
which the black brane solution becomes complex. In this
paper, we shall mainly focus on the holographic properties
of all DC transport coefficients and AC electric conductivity
at low frequency region. So we only consider γ>0 unless
we specially point out.
3 Electric, thermal and thermoelectric DC conductivity
In this section, we will calculate the DC conductivity includ-
ing electric, thermal and thermoelectric conductivity via the
technics proposed in [28,74,75]. To this end, we consider the
following consistent perturbations at the linear level
δg
tx
=
1
u
2
(H (u)t + h
tx
(u)) , δg
ux
=
1
u
2
h
ux
(u),
δ A
x
= E
p
(u)t + a
x
(u), δφ
x
= δχ
x
(u). (15)
According to [74], one defines two radial conserved quan-
tities whose values at the boundary (u → 0) are related
respectively to the charge and heat response currents in the
dual field,
J =
√
−g
F
ux
1 +
γ
2
F
2
, J
Q
= 2
√
−g∇
u
k
x
− A
t
J ,
(16)
where k
μ
= ∂
t
is the Killing vector. In terms of the back-
ground ansatz Eq. (8) and the perturbation Eq. (15), the two
conserved currents read explicitly as
J =
tHA
t
+ h
tx
A
t
+ f
a
x
+ tE
p
1 − γ u
4
(A
t
)
2
, (17)
J
Q
=−
−tHf
− h
tx
f
+ f (tH
+ h
tx
)
u
2
− A
t
J . (18)
We assume the special forms of E
p
(u) =−E
x
+ ζ A
t
(u),
H(u) =−ζ f (u) where the constants E
x
and ζ parametrize
the sources for the electric current and heat current, respec-
tively. Then, the related terms with respect to the time t can
be canceled and the conserved currents become
J =−Q
BI
h
tx
+
fa
x
A
t
, J
Q
=−
f
2
u
2
h
tx
f
− A
t
J .
(19)
In the above expression, we have defined the charge density
Q
BI
as
Q
BI
=−
A
t
(u)
1 − γ u
4
A
t
(u)
2
, (20)
which is the conserved electric charge density.
Next, we shall evaluate the DC conductivities by the fol-
lowing expressions [74]
σ
DC
=
∂J
∂ E
x
, ¯α
DC
=
1
T
∂J
Q
∂ E
x
,
α
DC
=
1
T
∂J
∂ξ
, ¯κ
DC
=
1
T
∂J
Q
∂ξ
. (21)
Since J and J
Q
are both conserved quantities along u direc-
tion, we can evaluate the above expressions at horizon. To
achieve this goal, we analyze the behaviors of the perturba-
tive quantities at the horizon. First, it is easy to obtain the
following express from Einstein equation
h
ux
=
−Q
BI
E
p
+ β f χ
x
+ H
β
2
f
. (22)
Further, we have
h
tx
=−fh
ux
=−
Q
BI
E
x
β
2
+ ζ
f
β
2
,
f
2
h
tx
f
=
Q
BI
E
x
f
β
2
− ζ
( f
)
2
β
2
, a
x
=
E
x
f
. (23)
Note that the above equations including Eqs. (22) and (23)
have taken value at the horizon, i.e., u = 1. And then we can
evaluate the currents at the horizon, which give
J = E
x
−
Q
BI
A
t
+
Q
2
BI
β
2
− ζ
Q
BI
f
β
2
,
J
Q
=−E
x
Q
BI
f
β
2
+ ζ
( f
)
2
β
2
. (24)
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