Frank Nielsen
École Polytechnique
Paris
France
Sony Computer Science Laboratories, Inc.
Tokyo
Japan
Series editor
Ian Mackie, École Polytechnique, France
Advisory board
Samson Abramsky, University of Oxford, UK
Chris Hankin, Imperial College London, UK
Dexter Kozen, Cornell University, USA
Andrew Pitts, University of Cambridge, UK
Hanne Riis Nielson, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
Steven Skiena, Stony Brook University, USA
Iain Stewart, University of Durham, UK
David Zhang, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science ISSN 1863-7310
ISBN 978-1-84882-338-9 e-ISBN 978-1-84882-339-6
DOI 10.1007/978-1-84882-339-6
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Control Number: 2009921195
c
Springer-Verlag London Limited 2009
Apartfromanyfairdealingforthepurposesofresearchorprivatestudy,orcriticismorreview,aspermitted
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specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free
for general use.
The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information
contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions
that may be made.
Printed on acid-free paper
Springer Science+Business Media
springer.com
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