利用TOAD的全光加减法器设计

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"All-optical adder/subtractor based on terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer" 本文提出了一种基于太赫兹光学非对称解复用器（TOAD）的全光加法器/减法器（A/S）单元。这个全光A/S单元结合了全光全加器和光学异或门（XORs），旨在利用光学硬件组件实现快速的中央处理器功能。文章的作者分别是来自印度不同大学和学院的计算机科学和物理学专家。在传统的电子计算中，中央处理器（CPU）执行加法和减法等基本运算，而在光学计算中，利用光的特性可以实现更快的数据处理速度。TOAD是一种光学开关，它在太赫兹频率范围内工作，具有非对称性，这使得它在光信号路由和处理中表现出独特的性能优势。在这种设计中，TOAD被用来构建一个集成的全光电路，用于执行二进制加法和减法操作。全光加法器是光学计算中的关键组件，它能同时处理多个光信号，而无需将光信号转换为电信号。全光全加器是加法器的一种，它可以对两个或更多的二进制数进行加法运算。另一方面，光学异或门（XORs）在逻辑运算中起着核心作用，因为它可以确定两个输入信号是否具有相同的状态。在二进制计算中，XOR操作用于决定两个位是否不同，这在执行加法和减法时至关重要。光学计算的吸引力在于其高速度和并行处理能力，尤其是在处理大量数据时。TOAD的使用使得这种全光A/S单元能够快速响应，并且由于没有电-光转换过程，它避免了传统电子设备中的速度限制和能量损耗。通过计算机仿真，作者验证了这种方法的有效性，结果证实了所描述的方法在实现二进制加法和减法中的可行性。根据提供的OCIS代码（Optical Society of America's Index to Condensed Matter Articles），文章涉及以下主题： 200.4560 - 全光计算 060.1810 - 光开关 060.4510 - 光解复用 220.4830 - 太赫兹技术 230.4320 - 光逻辑运算这篇研究提出了一种创新的光学计算方法，利用TOAD来实现全光加法器/减法器，这可能会对未来的高性能计算和光子集成电路设计产生重大影响。通过优化光学硬件，这种技术有可能推动计算速度的大幅提升，特别是在大数据和量子计算领域。

530 CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS / Vol. 7, No. 6 / June 10, 2009

All-optical adder/subtractor based on terahertz optical

asymmetric demultiplexer

Dilip Kumar Gayen

1∗

, Rajat Kumar Pal

, and Jitendra Nath Roy

Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Management, Kolaghat, India

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Calcutta University, Kolkatta-700009, India

Department of Physics, College of Engineering and Management, Kolaghat

KTPP Township, Midnapur (East), 721171, W.B., India

∗

E-mail: dilipgayen@yahoo.com

Received August 4, 2008

An all-optical adder/subtractor (A/S) unit with the help of terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer

(TOAD) is proposed. The all-optical A/S unit with a set of all-optical full-adders and optical exclusive-

ORs (XORs), can be used to perform a fast central processor unit using optical hardware components.

We try to exploit the advantages of TOAD-based optical switch to design an integrated all-optical circuit

which can perform binary addition and subtraction. With computer simulation results confirming the

described methods, conclusions are given.

OCIS codes: 200.4560, 060.1810, 060.4510, 220.4830, 230.4320.

doi: 10.3788/COL20090706.0530.

The emergence of increasingly high speed digital opti-

cal system and optical processor dema nds an all-optical

adder/subtrac tor (A/S) unit to perform a set of opti-

cal arithmetic micro-op e rations. All-optical A/S units

have many potential applications in optical communica-

tion systems and optical computing. Various architec-

tures, algorithms, and logical and arithmetic operations

have been proposed in the field o f optical/optoele c tronic

computing and parallel signal process ing in last few

decades

[1−9]

. Terahertz optical asymmetric demulti-

plexer (TOAD) based gate has already played significant

roles in the field of ultra-fast all-optical information

processing

[10−14]

. Sokoloff et al. demonstra ted a new

device, the TOAD capable of demultiplexing data at

50 Gb/s

[10]

. They have also demonstrated demul-

tiplexing of a single channel from a 250-Gb/s data

stream. TOAD exploits the strong, slow optical

nonlinearities presented in semiconductor and per-

mits control and signal pulses to be distinguished

by polarization or wavelength, and it requires less

than 1-pJ switching energy

[10]

. In our earlier pa-

per, we proposed TOAD-based tree ar chitecture for

all-optical logic and arithmetic operations

[15]

, all-

optical a rithmetic unit

[16]

and number conversion

scheme

[17]

. In this letter, we propose a TOAD-based

switch to design an integrated all-optical circuit which

can perform binary addition and subtraction. With the

help of TOAD-based all-optical full-adder and optica l

exclusive-OR (XOR), we propose an A/S unit which can

work in all-optical domain. Simulation of proposed de-

sign has also been done with the help of Matlab-6.5.

The TOAD consists of a loo p mirror with an additional

intraloop 2×2 (ideally 50:5 0) coupler. The loop contains

a control pulse (CP) and a nonlinear element (NLE) that

is offset from the loop’s midpoint by a distance ∆x as

shown in Fig. 1(a)

[10]

. In this letter, we try to take the

output from the reﬂecting mode and transmitting mode

of the device.

The output power at port-1 and port-2 can be ex-

pressed as

[18,19]

out

(t)=

(t)



(t) + G

ccw

(t)

∓2

(t) · G

ccw

(t) · cos



∆ϕ



, (1)

where G

(t) and G

ccw

(t) are the power g ains between

cw and ccw pulse, respectively, the phase differ e nce

∆ϕ=−α/2·ln (G

ccw

), and α is the line-width en-

hancement factor. In the absence of a control signal, the

incoming signal enters the fiber loop and passes through

the semiconductor optical ampliﬁer (SOA) at different

time as they counter-propagate around the loop, expe-

riencing the same unsa turated amplifier gain G

, and

recombining at the input c oupler, i.e., G

ccw

= G

Then ∆ϕ = 0 and expression for P

out,1

(t) = 0 and

out,2

(t) = P

(t) · G

. It shows that the data is reﬂected

back towards the source. When a control pulse is injected

into the loo p, it saturates the SOA and changes its index

of refraction. As a result, the two counter-propagation

data signals will experience a differential gain saturation

profiles, i.e., G

ccw

6= G

. Therefore they recombine at

the input coupler, and then ∆ϕ ≈ π. The data will exit

from the output port-1 and P

out,2

(t) ≈ 0. A po larization

or wavelength filter may be used at the output to reject

the control and pass the input pulse. Now it is clear

that in the absence of control signal, the incoming pulse

exits through the input port of TOAD and reaches the

output port-2 as shown in Fig. 1(a). In this case no light

is present in the output port-1. But in the presence of

control signal, the incoming signa l exits through the out-

put port of TOAD and reaches to the output port-1 as

shown in Fig. 1(a). In this case no light is present in the

output port- 2. In the absence of incoming signal, port-1

and port-2 receive no light as the filter blocks the control

1671-7694/2009/060530-04

 2009 Chinese Optics Letters

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