深入学习Python3实践指南

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"《Learn More Python 3 the Hard Way》是Zed Shaw的Python学习系列书籍之一，旨在帮助已经掌握了Python基础知识的读者进一步提升技能。这本书包含52个精心设计的项目，每个项目都旨在帮助你构建关键的实践技能，通过示例启动你的学习，并通过挑战加深理解。同时，Zed Shaw还提供了12小时的在线视频教学，展示如何调试和修复代码，以增强你的编程能力。" 在这本书中，Zed Shaw强调的是通过实践来学习编程，他认为这是在许多计算机科学领域入门的最佳方式。书中的每个练习都是简短且易于理解的，它们引领你完成一系列的教学，最终构建出可工作的软件。所有练习都经过了详尽的测试，确保与真实学生一起使用时能够成功运行，从而提高你的学习成功率。配套的视频教程会逐步引导你完成每个练习中的代码编写。Zed Shaw独特的幽默感和内部笑话使得学习过程更加轻松有趣。你可以访问informit.com/hardway获取更多关于这个系列的信息。这本书对于新Python程序员来说是进阶的下一步。作者Zed A. Shaw在书中涵盖了广泛的主题，旨在帮助你深入理解Python，提升编程技巧。无论你是在波士顿、多伦多还是东京，无论你身处哪个角落，这本书都能为你的Python学习之旅提供宝贵的指导。此外，书中可能会涉及制造商和卖家用来区分他们产品的各种设计ations，这些可能被声称是商标，提醒读者注意知识产权的尊重。通过这本书，你将有机会学习到高级的Python编程概念，如面向对象编程、错误处理、模块化、网络编程、数据库交互等。每个项目都将引导你解决实际问题，通过实践来巩固理论知识，使你成为更熟练的Python开发者。不仅如此，Zed Shaw的视频教程将补充文字内容，帮助你更好地理解和应用所学知识。《Learn More Python 3 the Hard Way》是一本非常适合那些希望从基础迈向Python编程更高层次的读者的书，它提供了丰富的实践机会和深度学习体验，让你在学习Python的道路上更进一步。

“Shaw_preface” — 2017/7/28 — 17:01 — page xv — #2

PREFACE xv

5. Data Modeling: I use SQL to teach you the basics of modeling stored data in a logical way.

6. Unix Tools: Command line tools are used throughout the book as projects for you to copy, and

you then also learn advanced Unix command line tools.

At each part of the book you’ll focus on one or two of the three practices at a time until ﬁnally, in Part VII,

you’ll apply them all as you build a simple website. The ﬁnal projects aren’t sexy. You won’t learn how

to create your next startup, but they are nice little projects that will help you apply what you know while

learning Django.

It’s All Personal

Many other books are designed to teach you these three concepts in the context of a team. When these

books teach you about process it’s all about how you work with another person on a project to maintain

code. When they teach creativity it’s all about how you go to meetings with your team to ask customers

questions. Sadly most of these “professional” books don’t really teach quality. This is all ﬁne, but there’s

two problems with these team-style books for most beginners:

1. You don’t have a team, so you can’t practice what they’re teaching. The team-oriented books

are designed for junior programmers who already have jobs and need to work on the team

they just joined. Until that happens to you, any team-oriented book is fairly useless to you.

2. What’s the point of learning how to work on a team if your own personal process, creativity,

and quality is a total mess? Despite what the fans of “team players” say, the vast majority of

programming tasks are done solo, and your evaluation of your skills is usually done solo. If

you work on a team, but your code is always low quality and you constantly have to ask team

members for help, you get a low review from your boss. For all their talk of how awesome teams

are, they never blame the team when a junior programmer can’t work alone. They blame the

junior programmer.

This book is not about being a good worker drone at Mega Enterprise, LLC. This book is about helping

you improve your personal skills so that when you get a job you can work alone. If you improve your

personal process then it makes sense that you’ll be a stronger contributor on a team. It also means you

can start and develop your own ideas, which is where the vast majority of projects start.

Using the Included Videos

Learn More Python 3 the Hard Way has an extensive set of videos demonstrating how the code works,

debugging, and, most importantly, solutions to the challenges. The videos are the perfect place to

demonstrate many common errors by breaking the Python code on purpose and showing you how to

ﬁx it. I also walk through the code using debugging and interrogation tricks and techniques. The videos

“Shaw_Part01” — 2017/7/15 — 13:11 — page 2 — #1

PART I

Initial Knowledge

he very ﬁrst thing you need to learn is everything. I know that’s intimidating, but as I mentioned in

the preface, you are going to practice only three skills for the entire book. Each exercise is going

to enforce each of the skills as you complete other tasks. I may tell you to “make a copy of the cat

command,” but what you are really learning is how to be creative. I may tell you to “create a linked

list data structure,” but what you’re really doing is applying structured code review processes to your

programming practice. The secret of this book is that you are only using the projects and exercises as a

vehicle to learn three important practices: process, creativity, and quality.

Ideally there’s nothing magical about these three concepts. Process is simply the steps you use to create

something. Creativity is simply how you generate and implement ideas. Quality is simply how you make

sure those implementations aren’t junk. The meat is in the application. How do you apply a process to

your personal development skills? How do you analyze whether you’ve been building quality software or

not? How do you take an idea and turn it into reality? All three of these are interconnected as you need

a process to help you get creative and then a process for ensuring quality, which also requires being

creative since no process works all the time. It’s a vicious, beautiful cycle.

The process for completing this book is simply this:

1. I will give you a goal of working on process, creativity, or quality for a part of the book. Usually

it will be two concepts at a time; sometimes just one. For example, in Part II you are working on

creativity by hacking on simple tools in a 45-minute fast session. You are also analyzing your

starting process since, if you ﬁnd it diﬃcult to start, you won’t be very creative.

2. The beginning of each exercise will give you a prompt or goal to think about while you work

on the exercise. Each of these prompts will ask you to focus on one or more aspects of what

you’re working on. Exercise 4 in Part II gives you the task of simply implementing something,

and then in Exercise 5 you start to list the things that blocked you and try to eliminate them or

make them more eﬃcient. Other exercises ask you to look at your physical environment and

ﬁx anything distracting. For each exercise you’ll think about these prompts and then work on

the exercise, attempting to focus on that particular task.

“Shaw_Part01” — 2017/7/15 — 13:11 — page 3 — #2

INITIAL KNOWLEDGE 3

3. At the end of each exercise there are Study Drills that give you more challenges to work on.

They might be related to the project or they might be more about the process, creativity, or

quality issue you’re dealing with in the exercise.

4. Some exercises are in “challenge mode.” That means you are given a description of a tool to

implement, usually based on an existing Unix tool, and then told to implement it but without any

code to look at. There may be small pieces of sample code you’ll need to study ﬁrst, but usually

there is no Python in these challenges. The solutions are available online in a Git project at

http://bit.ly/lmpthwsolve on Github.

5. Other exercises will be educational descriptions of something you have to implement based on

my code. These exercises will explain something, such as an algorithm, and then you are to

implement them as exactly as possible and ﬁnd any bugs you can. Typically these exercises

will focus on quality, since you’ll be asked to write automated tests, track your error rates, and

ﬁnd solutions to additional problems in the Study Drills.

6. Finally, you’ll use a Lab Journal to take notes and keep track of metrics you can use to improve

how you work. I am very explicit about treating this as a journal, meaning a very private personal

account of your improvement that you should not share with anyone—especially nobody who

is a manager at your company. This kind of information can be used to take advantage of you

as a worker, so guard it carefully.

Your goal when going through this book is not just to whip up a few copies of some Unix tools. Your goal

is to use these small Unix tool projects to focus on aspects of your ability to work on larger projects.

What If I Hate Your Stupid Personal Process Zed?

That’s completely alright. This book is meant to be something that helps you grow and improve, so

if you are not quite ready to analyze how you work then save that for later. You can simply do all of

the challenges in your own way and your own time, then come back and attempt the projects with the

constraints on your process. Every exercise stands on its own and the personal development portions

apply to almost anything you work on. Do what you can and come back when you need to work on how

you work.

What If I Find Out I’m Terrible?

That is a very real possibility, but my method works to help you know why you are terrible and what to

do in order to ﬁx it. Then it’s just a matter of working on it until you start getting better. Keep your journal

private, and nobody will know just how terrible you are. Then when you’re done you’ll know exactly where

you stand and what you need to work on. No more guessing at whether you’re a fraud or can really do

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