【免费】ORAN协议v04.00

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ORAN协议v04.00，也称为O-RAN.WG4.CUS.0-v04.00技术规范，是由O-RAN联盟e.V.于2020年版权所有的一份技术规范文件。该文件涵盖了O-RAN Fronthaul Working Group的Control, User and Synchronization Plane Specification。这份规范文件的使用、获取或下载，包括复制、保存、分发、展示或准备衍生作品，均受O-RAN Adopter License Agreement的条款约束。除非另有规定，否则保留所有其他权利。 ORAN协议v04.00的技术规范主要涵盖了O-RAN Fronthaul工作组的控制、用户和同步平面规范。这些规范的制定旨在推动开放式无线接入网络（O-RAN）的发展和标准化，以满足日益增长的无线通信网络需求。该规范文件对于O-RAN技术的采用者具有重要意义，因为它为他们提供了在开发和部署O-RAN相关技术时需要遵守的标准和规范。通过遵守这些规范，采用者可以确保其产品和解决方案与O-RAN的整体目标和愿景保持一致，并与其他遵循相同标准的产品实现互操作性。在未来的无线通信网络中，O-RAN技术有望成为一个重要的趋势，这将为运营商提供更大的灵活性和可扩展性，同时降低网络建设和维护的总体成本。因此，遵守并实施ORAN协议v04.00的技术规范将成为推动行业发展的关键之一。另外，该技术规范的版权归O-RAN联盟e.V所有，这意味着在使用、获取或下载该规范文件时，需要遵守版权协议中的规定，否则将可能面临法律责任。因此，在使用该技术规范文件时，所有用户都必须严格遵守相关的版权和许可协议。在未来，随着O-RAN技术的不断发展和普及，ORAN协议v04.00的技术规范文件将继续发挥重要作用，为行业各方提供一个统一的框架和标准，推动无线通信网络的创新和发展。同时，通过遵守版权协议的规定，保护知识产权，也将有助于促进技术创新和行业竞争力的提升。

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________________________________________________________________________________________________

Your use is subject to the terms of the O-RAN Adopter License Agreement in Annex ZZZ 16

O-RAN.WG4.CUS.0-v04.00

RE Mapping

Layer Mapping

Modulation

Scrambling

IQ Compression

O-DU

O-RU

Processing blocks with dotted blocks are not mandatory

for all O-RU categories. Precoding operation for certain

O-RU categories can be done within the O-RU and in this

case precoding in O-DU can be bypassed.

Non-precoding O-RAN

Radio Unit. Precoding in

radio is not supported.

O-RU Category A

Precoding O-RAN Radio

Unit. Precoding in radio is

supported.

Allows support for

modulation compression.

O-RU Category B

Digital Beamforming

iFFT and CP addition

Digital to Analog

Analog Beamforming

IQ Decompression

Digital and Analog

beamforming optional

Digital and Analog

beamforming optional

Precoding

(bypass mode possible)

O-RAN FH

Figure 2-2 : Split Point and Category A and Category B O-RAN Radio Units

The inclusion of these two O-RU categories has certain implications for the LTE and NR functional splits in both DL

and UL which are reflected in the following sections. In particular, for a Category B O-RU to implement precoding for

LTE TM2-TM4 some special C-Plane instructions need to be provided to the O-RU from the O-DU; this is described in

a later section of this document. For LTE TM5-10 and NR, no special instructions are needed because the precoding

may be included in a digital beamforming processing block within the O-RU for a Category B O-RU (even for analog

beamforming O-RUs), while for a Category A O-RU, the precoding would be executed in the O-DU and any

beamforming in the O-RU, if present, would exclude the precoding calculation.

2.1.1 Selected Split 7-2x (DL)

DL functional split for various physical layer channels is illustrated in Figure 2-3 (LTE Category A O-RUs), Figure

2-4 (LTE Category B O-RUs), Figure 2-5 (NR Category A O-RUs), and Figure 2-6 (NR Category B O-RUs).

When O-RU Category A is supported by O-DU it is mandatory to support a total number of precoded streams of up to

8. Support for more than 8 precoded streams is optional.

For LTE (e.g. TM9) and NR PDSCH with UE specific reference signals, the DL processing chain specified by 3GPP

does not include a precoding operation. The detailed precoding operation referred to in Figure 2-3 and Figure 2-4 for

PDSCH with UE specific reference signals is not further described within this specification.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

Your use is subject to the terms of the O-RAN Adopter License Agreement in Annex ZZZ 19

O-RAN.WG4.CUS.0-v04.00

- Interface simplicity: Transfer of user plane data is based on Resource Elements / Physical Resource Blocks, which

simplifies the data mapping and limits the required associated control messages

- Transport Bandwidth Scalability: Lower split options (e.g., splits 7-1 and 8) scale based on number of antennas. In

contrast, 7-2x interface scales based on “streams”, which allows using high number of antennas without higher

transport bandwidth. Further, user data transfer can be optimized to send only PRBs that contain user data for

purpose of reducing transport bandwidth

- Beamforming Support: The same interface design can support different beamforming techniques (digital, analog,

hybrid) as well as different beamforming algorithms. Likewise, deployments using only analog beamforming are

also possible with the same interface design.

- Interoperability: Less user specific parameters are used at split 7-2x (when compared to higher split options),

which can simplify specification.

- Advanced receivers and inter-cell coordination: this option allows implementation of advanced receivers and

coordination features, which are also easier to implement and less restricted when most functions are placed at

the O-DU. For example, UL CoMP is not possible when the UL upper-PHY processing is in the O-RU.

- Lower O-RU complexity: Less functions at O-RU (when compared to higher split options) allow limiting the

number of required real time calculations as well as required memory requirement, especially for Category A O-

RUs.

- Future proof-ness: Placing most functions at O-DU will allow introduction of new features via software upgrades

without inflicting HW changes at O-RU (e.g., specification changes due to URLLC or new modulation

schemes).

- Interface and functions symmetry: If the same interface and split point is used for DL and UL, specification effort

can be reduced.

2.1.2 Selected Split 7-2x (UL)

UL functional split for various physical layer channels and transmission modes are illustrated in Figure 2-7. Likewise,

digital beamforming in this context, is the function of antenna port selection or antenna port combining.

Digital

Beamforming

Equalization, iDFT

Channel Estimation

Detection

Demodulation

FFT and CP removal Filtering*

RE demapping

PRACH

RE demapping

Descrambling

PUxCH

Analog to Digital

Analog

Beamforming

Digital

Beamforming

IQ Decompression

IQ Compression

Decompression

Channel

Estimation

SRS

RE demapping

Digital

Beamforming

Analog

Beamforming

Decompression

IQ Compression

Compression

Analog

Beamforming

O-DU

(PHY part)

O-RU

O-RAN FH

Dotted-line blocks

are optional

*for PRACH, Filtering

block includes CP

removal, decimation

filtering, and a

smaller FFT or a

larger FFT and

PRACH subcarrier

selection

Figure 2-7 : Lower layer UL split description for LTE and NR

Note: the above figure illustrates some of the highlevel functionalities inside the O-RU and O-DU, and do not bind the

internal design of each of the O-RU and O-DU.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

Your use is subject to the terms of the O-RAN Adopter License Agreement in Annex ZZZ 20

O-RAN.WG4.CUS.0-v04.00

Split 7-2x

Description:

In the UL, OFDM phase compensation (for all channels except PRACH) [3GPP TS38.211 clause 5.4], FFT, CP

removal and digital beamforming functions reside in the O-RU. The rest of the PHY functions including resource

element de-mapping, equalization, de-modulation, de-scrambling, rate de-matching and de-coding reside in the O-DU.

The option of including some PHY functionality in a radio unit was not included in 3GPP TR 38.801 Rel 14 study.

Benefits and Justification:

- The benefits defined for Option 7-2x for DL are also applicable for Uplink (See Section 2.1.1).

2.2 Data Flows

An overall reference of required inputs for some major functional blocks, their granularity and input originating source

is compiled in Table 2-1 and Table 2-2 for DL and UL respectively.

Table 2-1 : Required information for each functional block (DL)

Function

Required Information

Signaling Granularity

Information source

Digital beamforming

• Digital beamforming

information

• Number of TRXs or

Beams

Per RE per beam per slot

Scheduler (O-DU)

iFFT and CP addition

• FFT size

• SC spacing

• CP length

Per TRX per slot

Scheduler (O-DU)

Analog beamforming

• Analog beamforming

info

Per frequency band per slot

Scheduler (O-DU)

Listen Before Talk (LBT)

• LBT parameters

Per MCOT

Scheduler (O-DU)

Table 2-2 : Required Information for each functional block (UL)

Function

Required Information

Signaling Granularity

Information source

Digital beamforming

• Digital beamforming

information

• Number of TRXs or

Beams

Per RE per TRX per slot

Scheduler (O-DU)

FFT and CP removal

• FFT size

• SC spacing

• CP length

Per TRX per slot

Scheduler (O-DU)

Analog beamforming

• Analog beamforming

info

Per frequency band per slot

Scheduler (O-DU)

In case of lower layer fronthaul based on split option 7-2x for DL and UL, the required external data flows (excluding

M-plane) to exchange information between O-DU and O-RU can be categorized as follows. Further, the data flow

contents mapping is described in Table 2-3.

• User-Plane

o Data Flow 1a: Flows of IQ Data in FFT frequency domain on DL

o Data Flow 1b: Flows of IQ Data in FFT frequency domain on UL

o Data Flow 1c: Flow of PRACH IQ data in FFT frequency domain

• C-Plane

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