精通Selenium测试工具：实战指南

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"Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook" 这本书《Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook》是一本关于Selenium 2（也称为Selenium WebDriver）的实战指南，适合自动化测试初学者和有经验的测试工程师。书中涵盖了90多个实用的测试场景和技巧，旨在帮助读者构建、维护和优化基于Selenium的自动化测试框架。核心知识点包括： 1. **定位元素(Locating Elements)**：介绍如何使用不同的定位策略，如ID、Name、XPath、CSS选择器等，来查找和操作网页上的元素。 2. **使用Selenium API(Working with Selenium API)**：详细讲解了Selenium API的各种方法，如打开浏览器、导航、点击、输入文本、断言等，以及如何处理JavaScript事件和异步加载的内容。 3. **控制测试流程(Controlling the Test Flow)**：涵盖条件判断、循环、异常处理等，使测试脚本更加灵活和健壮。 4. **数据驱动测试(Data-Driven Testing)**：讲解如何将测试数据与测试代码分离，提高测试的可复用性和可维护性，例如使用Excel或CSV文件作为数据源。 5. **Page Object Model(POM)的使用**：提倡的一种最佳实践，将页面的UI元素和交互逻辑封装成对象，提高代码的可读性和可维护性。 6. **扩展Selenium(Extending Selenium)**：讨论如何自定义Selenium的实现，如创建新的命令、实现自定义的等待策略或插件。 7. **移动浏览器测试(Testing on Mobile Browsers)**：指导如何在iOS和Android等移动平台上进行自动化测试，包括跨平台测试工具如Appium的使用。 8. **客户端性能测试(Client-side Performance Testing)**：学习如何通过Selenium测量和分析网页的加载速度和性能指标。 9. **HTML5 Web应用测试(Testing HTML5 Web Applications)**：专门针对HTML5特性，如离线存储、Web Workers、WebSocket等的自动化测试方法。 10. **录制测试视频(Recording Videos of Tests)**：介绍如何捕获测试过程的视频记录，以辅助问题排查和报告。 11. **行为驱动开发(BDD - Behavior-driven Development)**：结合Gherkin语法和Cucumber工具，实现业务语言可读的测试脚本。通过这些章节，读者不仅可以掌握Selenium的基本用法，还能深入理解自动化测试的最佳实践，提升测试的效率和质量。此外，书中的实例代码和实践建议对于实际工作中的自动化测试项目具有很高的参考价值。

Preface

This book will help you in learning advanced techniques for testing web applications with

Selenium WebDriver API and related tools. In this book you will learn how to test web

applications effectively and efciently with Selenium WebDriver on desktops, mobile web

browsers, and in a distributed environment.

This book covers design patterns such as data-driven testing, page objects, and object map

for designing a highly maintainable and reliable test automation framework. You will also learn

how to integrate Selenium WebDriver with Behavior-driven Development frameworks such as

Cucumber-JVM, SpecFlow.NET, and Capybara.

This book also covers techniques to extend Selenium for your specic needs. There are more

than 90 recipes that you can use to build or extend your existing test automation framework.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Locating Elements, introduces you to locator techniques supported by Selenium

WebDriver, for locating elements on pages in your web applications. Selenium WebDriver

provides one of the advanced techniques for locating elements on web pages with multiple

locator strategies such as XPath, CSS, and DOM. We can also implement custom locator

strategies for locating elements. This chapter will also help you in getting started with

Selenium WebDriver locator API.

Chapter 2, Working with Selenium API, demonstrates how to use Selenium WebDriver

API for building tests. We will explore API and investigate advanced user interactions for

performing complex mouse and keyboard operations, working with various types of

UI elements used in web applications.

Chapter 3, Controlling the Test Flow, demonstrates how to use Selenium WebDriver API for

building a reliable test automation framework. The tenants of good test automation are

robustness, reliability, recovery from unexpected events, and unhandled execution. This

chapter covers recipes on handling synchronization with implicit and explicit waits, multiple

windows, and pop-ups and alerts that are displayed during the test execution.

Preface

Chapter 4, Data-driven Testing, introduces the data-driven testing approach, a widely used

methodology in test automation. Selenium WebDriver does not have built-in features to

support data driven testing. However we can extend Selenium WebDriver API to support

data-driven testing. This chapter covers recipes to support data-driven testing using

JUnit/Apache POI and JDBC technologies.

Chapter 5, Using the Page Object Model, introduces the Page Object model pattern, which is

widely used for structuring Selenium WebDriver tests. This chapter provides tips on building

testing frameworks using Page Object model.

Chapter 6, Extending Selenium, demonstrates how to extend Selenium WebDriver API and

add features for building a scalable test automation framework. This chapter covers some

of the important recipes in extending Selenium WebDriver for various practical scenarios

such as supporting custom UI controls, capturing images of elements, and performing

image-based verications.

Chapter 7, Testing on Mobile Browsers, introduces you to testing mobile web applications

with the Apple iOS and Android platform. This chapter covers recipes for conguring and

using Selenium WebDriver to test a mobile application on the iPhone and Android based

devices/simulators.

Chapter 8, Client-side Performance Testing, demonstrates how to measure client-side

performance with Selenium WebDriver. Client-side performance can be measured in different

ways with Selenium WebDriver. We can use tools such as dynaTrace and HttpWatch, along

with Selenium WebDriver to collect, measure, and monitor client-side performance of web

applications.

Chapter 9, Testing HTML 5 Web Applications, introduces you to using Selenium WebDriver

to test web applications using HTML5 standard. This chapter explains how to test video and

canvas elements and web storage API of HTML5.

Chapter 10, Recording Videos of Tests, briey describes how to record videos of test runs

using tools such as Monte Media Library in Java, Microsoft Expression Encode SDK in .NET,

and Castro in Python.

Chapter 11, Behavior-driven Development, introduces Behavior-driven Development with

Selenium WebDriver using tools such as Cucumber-JVM, JBehave for Java, SpecFlow.NET

for .NET, and Capybara for Ruby.

Integration with Other Tools, demonstrates how to set up Selenium WebDriver with Eclipse

and IntelliJ IDEA. We will also set up Maven and ANT along with Selenium WebDriver and

Jenkins for running tests in Continuous Integration. This chapter also covers recipes for

using tools such as AutoIt and Sikuli for testing non-web UI.

This chapter is not present in the book but is available as a free download from

http://www.packtpub.com/sites/default/files/downloads/Integration_

with_Other_Tools.pdf

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