使用SOCK_RAW实现基础PING程序：ICMP与IP选项详解

// Module Name: Ping.c
//
// Description:
// This sample illustrates how an ICMP ping app can be written
// using the SOCK_RAW socket type and IPPROTO_ICMP protocol.
// By creating a raw socket, the underlying layer does not change
// the protocol header so that when we submit the ICMP header
// nothing is changed so that the receiving end will see an 
// ICMP packet. Additionally, we use the record route IP option
// to get a round trip path to the endpoint. Note that the size
// of the IP option header that records the route is limited to
// nine IP addresses.
//
// Compile:
// cl -o Ping Ping.c ws2_32.lib /Zp1
//
// Command Line Options/Parameters:
// Ping [host] [packet-size]
// 
// host String name of host to ping
// packet-size Integer size of packet to send 
// (smaller than 1024 bytes)
//
//#pragma pack(1)

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

#define IP_RECORD_ROUTE 0x7
// 
// IP header structure
//
typedef struct _iphdr 
{
unsigned int h_len:4; // Length of the header
unsigned int version:4; // Version of IP
unsigned char tos; // Type of service
unsigned short total_len; // Total length of the packet
unsigned short ident; // Unique identifier
unsigned short frag_and_flags; // Flags
unsigned char ttl; // Time to live
unsigned char proto; // Protocol (TCP, UDP etc)
unsigned short checksum; // IP checksum

unsigned int sourceIP;
unsigned int destIP;
} IpHeader;
#define ICMP_ECHO 8
#define ICMP_ECHOREPLY 0
#define ICMP_MIN 8 // Minimum 8-byte ICMP packet (header)

//
// ICMP header structure
//
typedef struct _icmphdr 
{
BYTE i_type;