DVB标准EN 300 744：2009年版欧洲数字地面电视帧结构与编码技术

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DVB Standard EN 300 744，修订版1.6.1（2009年1月），是欧洲电信标准 institute (ETSI) 发布的一份关键标准，针对的是数字视频广播 (DVB) 在欧洲的地面电视传输技术。该标准主要关注的是数字地面电视 (DVB-T) 和可能的其他地面数字广播服务，如 DVB-H（移动电视）的帧结构、信道编码和调制方式。标准涵盖了音频、广播、数据、数字电视、MPEG（MPEG是多媒体应用接口，用于压缩视频和音频）等领域，重点在于确保高质量的信号传输和接收。它规定了视频和音频信号在空中传输时的编码效率、频道分配以及信号的可靠性和兼容性。这个版本的发布对于所有参与DVB系统的设备制造商、广播运营商和接收设备用户来说，都是至关重要的，因为它提供了统一的技术规范，以促进欧洲地区的数字电视服务发展。 EN 300 744 V1.6.1标准遵循ETSI Ren/JTC-DVB-234项目的指导，并且强调了标准化的重要性，以确保不同地域和设备之间的无缝连接。该标准要求在传输过程中，无论是通过电缆、卫星还是地面，都能提供清晰、一致的图像质量，这对于电视观众的体验至关重要。此外，标准还规定了版权和使用许可的相关事宜，提醒用户可以通过ETSI官网下载个人副本，但以PDF格式的印刷版作为最终参考版本，如果有任何版本差异，以ETSI印制的PDF文件存储在内部网络驱动器上的版本为准。这一标准对于维护知识产权和法律合规性也有着重要意义。 DVB Standard EN 300 744是欧洲广播联盟 (EBU) 和欧洲无疆界广播联盟 (UER) 合作下制定的，对推动欧洲的数字电视产业向前发展起到了核心作用，确保了技术的互通性和服务质量。对于任何希望在这个领域进行业务或研究的人来说，理解和遵循此标准是必不可少的。

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 744 V1.6.1 (2009

01)

4.2 Interfacing

The Baseline System as defined in the present document is delimited by the following interfaces.

Table 1: Interfaces for the Baseline System

Loc

ation

Interface

Interface type

Connection

Transmit Station Input MPEG-2 transport stream(s) multiplex from MPEG-2 multiplexer

Output RF signal to aerial

Receive Installation Input RF from aerial

Output MPEG-2 transport stream multiplex to MPEG-2 demultiplexer

4.3 Channel coding and modulation

4.3.1 Transport multiplex adaptation and randomization for energy

dispersal

The System input stream shall be organized in fixed length packets (see figure 3), following the MPEG-2 transport

multiplexer. The total packet length of the MPEG-2 transport multiplex (MUX) packet is 188 bytes.

This includes 1 sync-word byte (i.e. 47

HEX

). The processing order at the transmitting side shall always start from the

MSB (i.e. "0") of the sync-word byte (i.e. 01 000 111). In order to ensure adequate binary transitions, the data of the

input MPEG-2 multiplex shall be randomized in accordance with the configurations depicted in figure 2.

Figure 2: Scrambler/descrambler schematic diagram

The polynomial for the Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) generator shall be (see note):

1 + X

+ X

NOTE: The polynomial description given here is in the form taken from the Satellite baseline specification

EN 300 421 [2]. Elsewhere, in both the Satellite baseline specification and in the present document, a

different polynomial notation is used which conforms with the standard textbook of Peterson and Weldon

(Error correcting codes, second edition, MIT Press, 1972).

Loading of the sequence "100101010000000" into the PRBS registers, as indicated in figure 2, shall be initiated at the

start of every eight transport packets. To provide an initialization signal for the descrambler, the MPEG-2 sync byte of

the first transport packet in a group of eight packets is bit-wise inverted from 47

HEX

(SYNC) to B8

HEX

(SYNC ).

This process is referred to as "transport multiplex adaptation" (see figure 3b).

The first bit at the output of the PRBS generator shall be applied to the first bit (i.e. MSB) of the first byte following the

inverted MPEG-2 sync byte (i.e. B8

HEX

). To aid other synchronization functions, during the MPEG-2 sync bytes of the

subsequent 7 transport packets, the PRBS generation shall continue, but its output shall be disabled, leaving these bytes

unrandomized. Thus, the period of the PRBS sequence shall be 1 503 bytes.

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 744 V1.6.1 (2009

01)

The randomization process shall be active also when the modulator input bit-stream is non-existent, or when it is

non-compliant with the MPEG-2 transport stream format (i.e. 1 sync byte + 187 packet bytes).

4.3.2 Outer coding and outer interleaving

The outer coding and interleaving shall be performed on the input packet structure (see figure 3a).

Reed-Solomon RS (204,188, t = 8) shortened code (see note 1), derived from the original systematic RS (255,239, t = 8)

code, shall be applied to each randomized transport packet (188 byte) of figure 3b to generate an error protected packet

(see figure 3c). Reed-Solomon coding shall also be applied to the packet sync byte, either non-inverted (i.e. 47

HEX

) or

inverted (i.e. B8

HEX

NOTE 1: The Reed-Solomon code has length 204 bytes, dimension 188 bytes and allows to correct up to 8 random

erroneous bytes in a received word of 204 bytes.

Code Generator Polynomial: g(x) = (x+

)(x+λ

)...(x+λ

), where λ = 02

HEX

Field Generator Polynomial: p(x) = x

+ x

+ 1

The shortened Reed-Solomon code may be implemented by adding 51 bytes, all set to zero, before the information

bytes at the input of an RS (255,239, t = 8) encoder. After the RS coding procedure these null bytes shall be discarded,

leading to a RS code word of N = 204 bytes.

Following the conceptual scheme of figure 4, convolutional byte-wise interleaving with depth I = 12 shall be applied to

the error protected packets (see figure 3c). This results in the interleaved data structure (see figure 3d).

The convolutional interleaving process shall be based on the Forney approach which is compatible with the Ramsey

type III approach, with I = 12. The interleaved data bytes shall be composed of error protected packets and shall be

delimited by inverted or non-inverted MPEG-2 sync bytes (preserving the periodicity of 204 bytes).

The interleaver may be composed of I = 12 branches, cyclically connected to the input byte-stream by the input switch.

Each branch j shall be a First-In, First-Out (FIFO) shift register, with depth j

× M cells where M = 17 = N/I, N = 204.

The cells of the FIFO shall contain 1 byte, and the input and output switches shall be synchronized.

For synchronization purposes, the SYNC bytes and the

SYNC bytes shall always be routed in the branch "0" of the

interleaver (corresponding to a null delay).

NOTE 2: The deinterleaver is similar in principle, to the interleaver, but the branch indices are reversed

(i.e. j = 0 corresponds to the largest delay). The deinterleaver synchronization can be carried out by

routeing the first recognized sync (SYNC or

SYNC ) byte in the "0" branch.

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