基于秘密共享的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案研究

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"基于秘密共享的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案" 基于秘密共享的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案是指在无线传感器网络中，使用秘密共享技术来管理和分配密钥的方案。该方案旨在解决无线传感器网络中的安全问题，即密钥的分配和管理。无线传感器网络（WSN）是一种基于wireless communication技术的网络，它由大量的传感器节点组成，用于收集和传输环境信息。然而，WSN也容易受到各种攻击，如窃听、欺骗、否认服务等，因为它们的开放式通信通道和有限的资源。在WSN中，密钥管理是非常重要的，因为它直接关系到网络的安全性和可靠性。传统的密钥管理方案存在一些缺陷，如中心化的密钥管理、密钥分配的不安全、密钥更新的不方便等。为了解决这些问题，本文提出了基于秘密共享的密钥管理方案（KMSS）。KMSS方案基于椭圆曲线离散对数假设和秘密共享技术，实现了安全的密钥分配和管理。 KMSS方案的优点有： * 安全性高：KMSS方案基于椭圆曲线离散对数假设，具有高的安全性。 * 可扩展性强：KMSS方案可以适应大量的传感器节点和复杂的网络拓扑结构。 * 灵活性高：KMSS方案支持多种密钥管理模式，满足不同的应用需求。 KMSS方案的工作流程如下： 1. 密钥生成：中心节点生成一个随机的密钥，并将其分配给各个传感器节点。 2. 秘密共享：中心节点将密钥分割成多个秘密份额，并将其分配给各个传感器节点。 3. 密钥恢复：当某个传感器节点需要使用密钥时，它可以从其他传感器节点恢复密钥。 KMSS方案的优点是可以提供高安全性的密钥管理，而不需要中心化的密钥管理机构。同时，KMSS方案也可以适应大量的传感器节点和复杂的网络拓扑结构。基于秘密共享的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案是一种高安全性和高灵活性的密钥管理方案，适合于各种WSN应用场景。

128 C. Wu et al.

compromised by adversaries, the information materials of the sensor is exposed, the

entire network will be threatened (Zhou, et al., 2008). Therefore, wireless network

security management mechanism is particularly important, key management is an

important aspect to provide safe, reliable communications in WSNs security research.

The key distribution and management is prominent in security mechanisms, after

surveying all different key distribution mechanism, we find the clustering hierarchical

architectures algorithm are often used in WSNs application (Katiyar et al., 2010).

Moreover, the method of public key cryptology in network security are the key

management strategy, scholar at home and abroad proposed a variety of the key

management strategy (Bertier et al., 2010; Du et al., 2007; Claveirole et al., 2008; Luk

et al., 2007; Zhu et al., 2006; Eltoweissy et al., 2006). One of the most suitable PKC

primitives for a WSNs is the elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) (Bos et al., 2009). There

are some hierarchical architecture distributing key system to protect the communication

in WSNs (Du et al., 2007; Bertier et al., 2010; Claveirole et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2008,

2012a, 2012b; Luk et al., 2007). Bertier et al. (2010) present a low-cost secret sharing

scheme for sensor network, which provides a basic building block to establish secure

communication through exchanging secret keys between neighbour nodes without any

cryptography methods and extends the secret key establishment with authentication.

However, because of the exchange happens among sensor nodes, it costs lots of energy.

Moreover, the authentication between neighbour nodes also needs exchange large of

messages, which makes it not suit for WSNs. Claveirole et al. (2008) introduces secure

data aggregation based on secret sharing and information transfer. Sensor nodes divide

messages into shares and forward them among several disjoint paths to prevent

eavesdropping attack and tampering attack, also designs a secret multi-path aggregation

mechanism which applies secret sharing to create shares to deal with security under the

chance of node compromised. However, these schemes are not feasible for heavy energy

consumption and this is not conducive to the change of nodes in the cluster. On the one

hand, they want to data aggregation using secret sharing, on the other hand, they have to

distribute key things and shares message to confuse the enemy, so that the adversary

cannot find out the real route, which need large of messages exchange. Meanwhile, in

these schemes, the network must exchange many messages to establish key system,

which consumes lots of energy. In this paper, we present a novel key management

scheme based on secret sharing (KMSS). In KMSS, considering about the energy

efficiency is a dominant consideration problem in WSNs, we firstly take advantage of the

maximum energy cluster head (MECH) protocol to clustering. Different from other

hierarchical architecture, MECH protocol restricts the size of cluster to generate uniform

cluster. In each cluster, there is a sensor, called cluster head (in short, CH), which gathers

information from other member nodes in one cluster and transmits the processed

information to the BS. Therefore, to protect the communication channel from CH to BS,

we present a cluster-between key. Firstly, the BS random selects m random polynomial of

degree (t – 1) (m is the number of CH), the constant of polynomial is used to hide session

key between cluster and nodes in the cluster, constant of another polynomial is utilised to

hide session key between BS and CH. According to the property of Lagrange

interpolation formula, the value of that polynomial at t different points are needed in

order to compute the coefficients of the corresponding polynomial of degree (t – 1). Any

less than t pairs of values of polynomial will not recover the polynomial of degree (t – 1).

Simultaneously, we encrypt the coefficients of the polynomial and shares to verify the

polynomial. Also, we introduce a cluster-in key to protect the communication between

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