JavaScript编程模式与最佳实践指南

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《JavaScript Patterns》是一本由Stoyan Stefanov编写的专著，旨在指导开发人员在使用JavaScript构建应用程序时采用最佳实践和编码模式。该书适合经验丰富的开发者，无论他们是在客户端、服务器端还是桌面应用中使用JavaScript，都能从中找到解决问题的方法，尤其是在处理对象、函数、继承等JavaScript特有的语言特性时。本书的核心内容围绕JavaScript编程模式展开，提供了一系列抽象的概念和代码模板，帮助读者理解并优化代码结构。通过阅读这本书，开发者可以学习如何设计可复用、模块化的代码，以及如何利用JavaScript的灵活性来创建高效、可维护的应用程序。它强调了在JavaScript中的良好编程习惯，如避免全局变量污染、模块化设计、事件驱动编程、以及如何巧妙地处理异步操作等。此外，书中还可能涵盖了面向对象编程（Object-Oriented Programming, OOP）的实践，包括构造函数、原型链、设计模式（如工厂模式、单例模式、观察者模式等）的使用。服务器端JavaScript（如Node.js）的开发者可能会发现有关事件驱动架构和非阻塞I/O的相关指导，而前端开发者则能学到关于浏览器API的最佳利用策略，比如DOM操作、AJAX和浏览器兼容性处理。版权方面，《JavaScript Patterns》享有2010年Yahoo!公司的版权，并受到相应的法律保护。本书是美国出版，由O'Reilly Media发行，提供了在线版本供读者选择。此外，书中还包含了O'Reilly Media的商标标识，以及JavaScript Patterns、欧洲松鸡图案等相关商标。《JavaScript Patterns》是一本实用的指南，对于希望提升JavaScript编程技能、遵循最佳实践和设计模式的开发者来说，无疑是一份宝贵的参考资料。无论是新手还是资深开发者，都可以从中受益，提高编程效率，编写出更优雅、高效的JavaScript代码。

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xiv | Preface

It is important to identify patterns because:

• They help us write better code using proven practices and not reinvent the wheel.

• They provide a level of abstraction—the brain can hold only so much at a given

time, so when you think about a more complex problem, it helps if you don’t bother

with the low-level details but account for them with self-contained building blocks

(patterns).

• They improve communication between developers and teams, which are often in

remote locations and don’t communicate face to face. Simply putting a label on

some coding technique or approach makes it easier to make sure we’re talking

about the same thing. For example, it’s easier to say (and think) “immediate func-

tion,” than “this thing where you wrap the function in parentheses and at the end

of it put another set of parentheses to invoke the function right where you’ve de-

fined it.”

This book discusses the following types of patterns:

• Design patterns

• Coding patterns

• Antipatterns

Design patterns are those initially defined by the “Gang of Four” book (named so after

its four authors), originally published in distant 1994 under the title Design Patterns:

Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Examples of design patterns are sin-

gleton, factory, decorator, observer, and so on. The thing about design patterns in

relation to JavaScript is that, although language-independent, the design patterns were

mostly studied from the perspective of strongly typed languages, such as C++ and Java.

Sometimes it doesn’t necessarily make sense to apply them verbatim in a loosely typed

dynamic language such as JavaScript. Sometimes these patterns are workarounds that

deal with the strongly typed nature of the languages and the class-based inheritance.

In JavaScript there might be simpler alternatives. This book discusses JavaScript im-

plementations of several design patterns in Chapter 7.

The coding patterns are much more interesting; they are JavaScript-specific patterns

and good practices related to the unique features of the language, such as the various

uses of functions. JavaScript coding patterns are the main topic of the book.

You might come across an occasional antipattern in the book. Antipatterns have a bit

of negative or even insulting sound to their name, but that needn’t be the case. An

antipattern is not the same as a bug or a coding error; it’s just a common approach that

causes more problems than it solves. Antipatterns are clearly marked with a comment

in the code.

2 | Chapter 1: Introduction

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