IEEE802.11-2016无线局域网MAC与PHY规格标准

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"0_802.11-2016.pdf 是关于802.11协议的2016版文档，该版本综合了2016年前的所有其他相关协议，如802.11k、802.11r等。文档由IEEE（电气和电子工程师协会）发布，主要涵盖了无线局域网（WLAN）的介质访问控制（MAC）和物理层（PHY）规范。" 《802.11协议2016版》是信息技术领域的标准，定义了在电信和系统间信息交换的局部及大都市区域网络的具体要求。这个标准由IEEE LAN/MAN标准委员会的802.11工作组编撰，并于2016年12月7日被IEEE-SA标准委员会批准。 802.11协议是无线局域网通信的基础，主要分为两大部分：MAC层和PHY层。MAC层负责管理网络中多个设备的数据传输，确保数据的正确性和有效性，包括了访问控制、冲突避免和流量控制等功能。而PHY层则涉及物理信号的传输，包括调制解调技术、频率范围、传输速率、信号强度等硬件相关的规范。 802.11k是关于无线网络性能改进的协议，它定义了漫游、信道选择和其他网络优化的相关标准，以提升用户体验。802.11r则是快速基本服务集转换（Fast BSS Transition）协议，旨在减少移动设备在不同无线接入点之间切换时的延迟和数据丢失，这对于需要高连续性的应用，如语音通话和视频流至关重要。 2016版的802.11协议不仅包括了这些扩展，还可能涵盖安全性、效率提升、新频段支持以及其他技术改进，以适应不断发展的无线网络需求。例如，可能加入了对Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac)和Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax)高速无线标准的支持，这些标准显著提升了无线网络的速度和容量。 802.11-2016是无线通信领域的一个重要参考资料，对于理解无线局域网的工作原理、设计和优化无线网络，以及跟踪无线技术的发展具有重要价值。无论是网络管理员、软件开发者还是硬件工程师，都需要对这个标准有深入的理解，以确保他们的产品和服务能够符合业界标准并满足用户需求。

4.3.24 Operation under geolocation database (GDB) control .......................................... 213

4.4 Logical service interfaces ...................................................................................................... 215

4.4.1 General...................................................................................................................215

4.4.2 SS ........................................................................................................................... 215

4.4.3 PBSS control point service (PCPS) ....................................................................... 216

4.4.4 DSS ........................................................................................................................ 216

4.5 Overview of the services........................................................................................................ 217

4.5.1 General...................................................................................................................217

4.5.2 Distribution of MSDUs within a DS...................................................................... 218

4.5.2.1 Distribution ......................................................................................... 218

4.5.2.2 Integration ........................................................................................... 219

4.5.2.3 QoS traffic scheduling ........................................................................ 219

4.5.3 Services that support the distribution service and the PCP service ....................... 220

4.5.3.1 General ................................................................................................ 220

4.5.3.2 Mobility types ..................................................................................... 220

4.5.3.3 Association.......................................................................................... 220

4.5.3.4 Reassociation ...................................................................................... 221

4.5.3.5 Disassociation ..................................................................................... 221

4.5.4 Access control and data confidentiality services ................................................... 222

4.5.4.1 General ................................................................................................ 222

4.5.4.2 Authentication..................................................................................... 222

4.5.4.3 Deauthentication ................................................................................. 223

4.5.4.4 Data confidentiality............................................................................. 223

4.5.4.5 Key management................................................................................. 224

4.5.4.6 Data origin authenticity....................................................................... 224

4.5.4.7 Replay detection.................................................................................. 224

4.5.4.8 Fast BSS transition.............................................................................. 225

4.5.4.9 Robust management frame protection ................................................ 225

4.5.5 Spectrum management services............................................................................. 225

4.5.5.1 General ................................................................................................ 225

4.5.5.2 TPC ..................................................................................................... 225

4.5.5.3 DFS ..................................................................................................... 225

4.5.6 Traffic differentiation and QoS support................................................................. 226

4.5.6.1 General ................................................................................................ 226

4.5.6.2 Quality-of-service management frame support................................... 226

4.5.7 Support for higher layer timer synchronization..................................................... 226

4.5.8 Radio measurement service ................................................................................... 227

4.5.9 Interworking with external networks..................................................................... 227

4.5.10 Generic advertisement service (GAS) ................................................................... 228

4.6 Multiple logical address spaces ............................................................................................

.228

7 Differences among ESS, PBSS, and IBSS LANs.................................................................. 229

4.8 Differences between ESS and MBSS LANs ......................................................................... 231

4.9 Reference model .................................................................................................................... 231

4.9.1 General...................................................................................................................231

4.9.2 Interworking reference model................................................................................ 231

4.9.3 Reference model for supporting multiple MAC sublayers .................................... 233

4.9.4 Reference model for multi-band operation............................................................ 234

4.10 IEEE Std 802.11 and IEEE Std 802.1X-2010 ....................................................................... 236

4.10.1 General................................................................................................................... 236

4.10.2 IEEE 802.11 usage of IEEE Std 802.1X-2010 ...................................................... 236

4.10.3 Infrastructure functional model overview.............................................................. 237

4.10.3.1 General................................................................................................ 237

4.10.3.2 AKM operations with AS ................................................................... 237

4.10.3.3 AKM operations with a password or PSK .......................................... 239

4.10.3.4 Alternate operations with PSK............................................................ 240

4.10.3.5 Disassociation ..................................................................................... 241

4.10.4 IBSS functional model description ........................................................................ 241

4.10.4.1 General................................................................................................ 241

4.10.4.2 Key usage............................................................................................ 241

4.10.4.3 Sample IBSS 4-way handshakes......................................................... 241

4.10.4.4 IBSS IEEE 802.1X example ............................................................... 243

4.10.5 PBSS functional model description ....................................................................... 244

4.10.6 Authenticator-to-AS protocol ................................................................................ 245

4.10.7 PMKSA caching .................................................................................................... 245

4.10.8 Protection of group addressed robust Management frames................................... 245

5. MAC service definition ..................................................................................................................... 246

5.1 Overview of MAC services ................................................................................................... 246

5.1.1 Data service............................................................................................................ 246

5.1.1.1 General ................................................................................................ 246

5.1.1.2 Determination of UP ........................................................................... 246

5.1.1.3 Interpretation of priority parameter in MAC service primitives......... 246

5.1.1.4 Interpretation of service class parameter in MAC service

primitives in a STA ............................................................................. 247

5.1.2 Security services .................................................................................................... 248

5.1.3 MSDU ordering ..................................................................................................... 248

5.1.4 MSDU format ........................................................................................................ 249

5.1.5 MAC data service architecture .............................................................................. 250

5.1.5.1 General ................................................................................................ 250

5.1.5.2 Non-AP STA role................................................................................ 253

5.1.5.3 AP role ................................................................................................ 253

5.1.5.4 Mesh STA role.................................................................................... 253

5.1.5.5 Mesh gate role..................................................................................... 254

5.2 MAC data service specification............................................................................................. 254

5.2.1 General...................................................................................................................254

5.2.2 MA-UNITDATA.request ...................................................................................... 254

5.2.2.1 Function .............................................................................................. 254

5.2.2.2 Semantics of the service primitive...................................................... 255

5.2.2.3 When generated................................................................................... 255

5.2.2.4 Effect of receipt................................................................................... 255

5.2.3 MA-UNITDATA.indication .................................................................................. 257

5.2.3.1 Function .............................................................................................. 257

5.2.3.2 Semantics of the service primitive...................................................... 257

5.2.3.3 When generated................................................................................... 257

5.2.3.4 Effect of receipt.......................................

............................................ 258

5.2

4 MA-UNITDATA-STATUS.indication.................................................................. 259

5.2.4.1 Function .............................................................................................. 259

5.2.4.2 Semantics of the service primitive...................................................... 259

5.2.4.3 When generated................................................................................... 261

5.2.4.4 Effect of receipt................................................................................... 261

6. Layer management............................................................................................................................. 262

6.1 Overview of management model........................................................................................... 262

6.2 Generic management primitives ............................................................................................ 263

6.3 MLME SAP interface ............................................................................................................ 263

6.3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 263

6.3.2 Power management................................................................................................ 264

6.3.2.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 264

6.3.2.2 MLME-POWERMGT.request............................................................ 264

6.3.2.3 MLME-POWERMGT.confirm........................................................... 264

6.3.3 Scan........................................................................................................................ 265

6.3.3.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 265

6.3.3.2 MLME-SCAN.request ........................................................................ 265

6.3.3.3 MLME-SCAN.confirm ....................................................................... 267

6.3.4 Synchronization ..................................................................................................... 276

6.3.4.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 276

6.3.4.2 MLME-JOIN.request .......................................................................... 276

6.3.4.3 MLME-JOIN.confirm ......................................................................... 278

6.3.5 Authenticate ........................................................................................................... 279

6.3.5.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 279

6.3.5.2 MLME-AUTHENTICATE.request .................................................... 279

6.3.5.3 MLME-AUTHENTICATE.confirm ................................................... 280

6.3.5.4 MLME-AUTHENTICATE.indication................................................ 282

6.3.5.5 MLME-AUTHENTICATE.response.................................................. 283

6.3.6 Deauthenticate ....................................................................................................... 284

6.3.6.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 284

6.3.6.2 MLME-DEAUTHENTICATE.request............................................... 284

6.3.6.3 MLME-DEAUTHENTICATE.confirm.............................................. 285

6.3.6.4 MLME-DEAUTHENTICATE.indication .......................................... 285

6.3.7 Associate................................................................................................................ 286

6.3.7.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 286

6.3.7.2 MLME-ASSOCIATE.request............................................................. 286

6.3.7.3 MLME-ASSOCIATE.confirm............................................................ 288

6.3.7.4 MLME-ASSOCIATE.indication ........................................................ 292

6.3.7.5 MLME-ASSOCIATE.response .......................................................... 295

6.3.8 Reassociate............................................................................................................. 297

6.3.8.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 297

6.3.8.2 MLME-REASSOCIATE.request........................................................ 297

6.3.8.3 MLME-REASSOCIATE.confirm....................................................... 299

6.3.8.4 MLME-REASSOCIATE.indication ................................................... 303

6.3.8.5 MLME-REASSOCIATE.response ..................................................... 306

6.3.9 Disassociate ........................................................................................................... 309

6.3.9.1 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.request ...................................................... 309

6.3.9.2 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.confirm ..................................................... 309

6.3.9.3 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.indication.................................................. 310

6.3.10 Reset....................................................................................................................... 310

6.3.10.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 310

6.3.10.2 MLME-RESET.request....................................................................... 311

6.3.11 Start........................................................................................................................ 311

6.3.11.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 311

6.3.11.2 MLME-START.request ...................................................................... 311

6.3.11.3 MLME-START.confirm.....................................

................................ 317

12 Stop ........................................................................................................................ 317

6.3.12.1 General................................................................................................ 317

6.3.12.2 MLME-STOP.request......................................................................... 317

6.3.13 Protocol layer model for spectrum management and radio measurement............. 318

6.3.14 Measurement request ............................................................................................. 321

6.3.14.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 321

6.3.14.2 MLME-MREQUEST.request ............................................................. 321

6.3.14.3 MLME-MREQUEST.indication......................................................... 322

6.3.15 Channel measurement............................................................................................ 323

6.3.15.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 323

6.3.15.2 MLME-MEASURE.request................................................................ 323

6.3.15.3 MLME-MEASURE.confirm............................................................... 324

6.3.16 Measurement report ............................................................................................... 325

6.3.16.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 325

6.3.16.2 MLME-MREPORT.request................................................................ 325

6.3.16.3 MLME-MREPORT.indication ........................................................... 326

6.3.17 Channel switch....................................................................................................... 327

6.3.17.1 MLME-CHANNELSWITCH.request ................................................ 327

6.3.17.2 MLME-CHANNELSWITCH.confirm ............................................... 328

6.3.17.3 MLME-CHANNELSWITCH.indication............................................ 328

6.3.17.4 MLME-CHANNELSWITCH.response.............................................. 329

6.3.18 TPC request............................................................................................................ 331

6.3.18.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 331

6.3.18.2 MLME-TPCADAPT.request .............................................................. 331

6.3.18.3 MLME-TPCADAPT.confirm............................................................. 331

6.3.19 SetKeys ..................................................................................................................332

6.3.19.1 MLME-SETKEYS.request ................................................................. 332

6.3.20 DeleteKeys............................................................................................................. 333

6.3.20.1 MLME-DELETEKEYS.request ......................................................... 333

6.3.21 MIC (michael) failure event .................................................................................. 334

6.3.21.1 MLME-MICHAELMICFAILURE.indication.................................... 334

6.3.22 EAPOL................................................................................................................... 335

6.3.22.1 MLME-EAPOL.request...................................................................... 335

6.3.22.2 MLME-EAPOL.confirm..................................................................... 336

6.3.23 MLME-PEERKEY-START .................................................................................. 336

6.3.23.1 MLME-PEERKEY-START.request................................................... 336

6.3.24 SetProtection.......................................................................................................... 337

6.3.24.1 MLME-SETPROTECTION.request................................................... 337

6.3.25 MLME-PROTECTEDFRAMEDROPPED ........................................................... 338

6.3.25.1 MLME- PROTECTEDFRAMEDROPPED.indication ...................... 338

6.3.26 TS management interface ...................................................................................... 338

6.3.26.1 General................................................................................................ 338

6.3.26.2 MLME-ADDTS.request ..................................................................... 339

6.3.26.3 MLME-ADDTS.confirm .................................................................... 341

6.3.26.4 MLME-ADDTS.indication................................................................. 344

6.3.26.5 MLME-ADDTS.response................................................................... 346

6.3.26.6 MLME-DELTS.request ...................................................................... 349

6.3.26.7 MLME-DELTS.indication.................................................................. 350

6.3.26.8 MLME-ADDTSRESERVE.request ................................................... 351

6.3.26.9 MLME-ADDTSRESERVE.confirm................................................... 352

6.3.26.10 MLME-ADDTSRESERVE.indication ............................................... 353

6.3.26.11 MLME-ADDTSRESERVE.response ................................................. 354

6.3.27 Management of direct links ................................................................................... 354

6.3.27.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 354

6.3.27.2 MLME-DLS.request ........................................................................... 355

6.3.27.3 MLME-DLS.confirm .......................................................................... 355

6.3.27.4 MLME-DLS.indication.....................................

................................ 356

6.3.27.5 MLME-DLS.response......................................................................... 357

6.3.27.6 MLME-DLS-TEARDOWN.request................................................... 358

6.3.27.7 MLME-DLS-TEARDOWN.indication............................................... 359

6.3.28 Higher layer synchronization support.................................................................... 360

6.3.28.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 360

6.3.28.2 MLME-HL-SYNC.request ................................................................. 360

6.3.28.3 MLME-HL-SYNC.indication............................................................. 361

6.3.29 Block Ack .............................................................................................................. 361

6.3.29.1 General................................................................................................ 361

6.3.29.2 MLME-ADDBA.request..................................................................... 361

6.3.29.3 MLME-ADDBA.confirm ................................................................... 363

6.3.29.4 MLME-ADDBA.indication ................................................................ 364

6.3.29.5 MLME-ADDBA.response .................................................................. 365

6.3.29.6 MLME-DELBA.request ..................................................................... 367

6.3.29.7 MLME-DELBA.indication................................................................. 368

6.3.30 Schedule element management.............................................................................. 369

6.3.30.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 369

6.3.30.2 MLME-SCHEDULE.request.............................................................. 369

6.3.30.3 MLME-SCHEDULE.indication ......................................................... 369

6.3.31 Vendor-specific action........................................................................................... 370

6.3.31.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 370

6.3.31.2 MLME-VSPECIFIC.request............................................................... 370

6.3.31.3 MLME-VSPECIFIC.indication .......................................................... 371

6.3.32 Neighbor report request ......................................................................................... 372

6.3.32.1 General................................................................................................ 372

6.3.32.2 MLME-NEIGHBORREPREQ.request............................................... 372

6.3.32.3 MLME-NEIGHBORREPREQ.indication .......................................... 373

6.3.33 Neighbor report response....................................................................................... 374

6.3.33.1 General................................................................................................ 374

6.3.33.2 MLME-NEIGHBORREPRESP.request ............................................. 374

6.3.33.3 MLME-NEIGHBORREPRESP.indication......................................... 375

6.3.34 Link Measure Request ........................................................................................... 376

6.3.34.1 General................................................................................................ 376

6.3.34.2 MLME-LINKMEASURE.request ...................................................... 376

6.3.34.3 MLME-LINKMEASURE.confirm..................................................... 377

6.3.35 MLME SAP interface for resource request ........................................................... 378

6.3.35.1 MLME-RESOURCE-REQUEST.request........................................... 378

6.3.35.2 MLME-RESOURCE-REQUEST.indication ...................................... 379

6.3.35.3 MLME-RESOURCE-REQUEST.response ........................................ 380

6.3.35.4 MLME-RESOURCE-REQUEST.confirm ......................................... 380

6.3.35.5 MLME-RESOURCE-REQUEST-LOCAL.request............................ 381

6.3.35.6 MLME-RESOURCE-REQUEST-LOCAL.confirm........................... 382

6.3.36 MLME SAP interface for remote requests ............................................................ 382

6.3.36.1 MLME-REMOTE-REQUEST.request............................................... 382

6.3.36.2 MLME-REMOTE-REQUEST.indication........................................... 383

6.3.37 Extended channel switch announcement ............................................................... 383

6.3.37.1 General................................................................................................ 383

6.3.37.2 MLME-EXTCHANNELSWITCH.request......................................... 384

6.3.37.3 MLME-EXTCHANNELSWITCH.confirm ....................................... 385

6.3.37.4 MLME-EXTCHANNELSWITCH.indication .................................... 385

6.3.37.5 MLME-EXTCHANNELSWITCH.response ...................................... 387

6.3.38 DSE power constraint announcement........................

............................................ 388

6.3.38.

General ................................................................................................ 388

6.3.38.2 MLME-DSETPC.request.................................................................... 388

6.3.38.3 MLME-DSETPC.confirm................................................................... 389

6.3.38.4 MLME-DSETPC.indication ............................................................... 390

6.3.38.5 MLME-DSETPC.response ................................................................. 390

6.3.39 Enablement ............................................................................................................ 391

6.3.39.1 General................................................................................................ 391

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