S7-1200/1500编程指南：应用示例与安全操作须知

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编程指南文档 "Programming Guideline for S7-1200/1500 TIA Portal" 是由西门子公司（Siemens）及其子公司提供的免费服务，它主要用于通过文本、图形和软件模块的形式展示自动化任务的解决方案。这份文档版本为V1.6，发布日期为2018年12月，适用于S7-1200/1500系列的TIA Portal平台。在使用过程中，西门子公司强调以下几点： 1. 非约束性与功能性声明：应用示例并非强制性的配置或设备手册，而是为了提供典型任务的指导，不构成针对特定客户的具体解决方案。用户需要自行根据适用法规确保产品的正确和安全操作。 2. 权利授予：西门子公司授予用户技术熟练人员非独家、不可转让且不可再许可的权利来使用这些应用示例，但用户需自行负责对示例进行任何必要的修改。 3. 分享和复制限制：仅允许用户将应用示例与其自己的产品结合使用，并在与第三方共享或复制时保持其完整性。用户需确保在使用过程中不会导致财产损失或人员伤害。 4. 质量与责任：由于应用示例无需经过常规的收费产品测试和质量检验，可能存在功能性缺陷、性能问题或错误。用户必须谨慎使用，以避免因潜在故障带来的负面影响。 5. 法律信息与版权：所有内容受西门子公司版权保护，未经许可不得擅自复制或用于商业目的。2018年版权归 Siemens AG 所有。这份编程指南文档提供了S7-1200/1500 TIA Portal平台的实用工具，帮助用户理解和实施自动化任务，但用户在使用时必须充分理解其局限性，并自行承担相应的责任和义务。

2 S7-1200/S7-1500 innovations

2.6 Optimized blocks

Programming Guideline for S7-1200/1500

Entry ID: 81318674, V1.6, 12/2018

 Siemens AG

Recommendation

• In general, only use optimized blocks.

– You do not require absolute addressing and you can always address with

symbolic data (object-related). Indirect addressing is also possible with

symbolic data (see chapter 3.6.2 ARRAY data type and indirect field

accesses).

– Processing optimized blocks in the controller is considerably faster than for

standard blocks.

• Avoid the copying/assigning of data between optimized and non-optimized

blocks. The data conversion required between source and target format

requires high processing time.

Example: Setting optimized block access

By default, the optimized block access is enabled for all newly created blocks for

S7-1200/1500. Block access can be set for OBs, FBs and global DBs. For instance

DBs, the setting derives from the respective FB.

Block access is not automatically reset if a block is migrated from a S7-300/400

controller to a S7-1200/1500. You can later change the block access to "Optimized

block access”. After changing the block access, you have to recompile the

program. If you change FBs to "Optimized block access”, the assigned instance

data blocks are automatically updated.

Follow the instructions to set the optimized block access.

Table 2-4: Setting optimized block access

Step

Instruction

Click the "Maximizes/minimizes the Overview” button in the project tree.

Navigate to "Program blocks”.

2 S7-1200/S7-1500 innovations

2.6 Optimized blocks

Programming Guideline for S7-1200/1500

Entry ID: 81318674, V1.6, 12/2018

 Siemens AG

The retentivity of tags of a global DB is directly defined in the global DB. By default,

non-retain is preset.

Define the retentivity of tags in an instance in the function block (not the instance

DB). These settings are therefore valid for all instances of this FB.

Access types for optimized and non-optimized data blocks

In the following table all access types for blocks are displayed.

Table 2-6: Access types

Access type

Optimized block

Non-optimized

block

Symbolic

yes

Indexed (fields)

yes

Slice access

yes

AT instruction

(Alternative: slice access)

yes

Direct absolute

(Alternative: ARRAY with INDEX)

yes

Indirect absolute (pointer)

(Alternative: VARIANT /

ARRAY with index)

yes

Load without reinitialization

yes

Note

More information can be found in the following entries:

What types of access are available in STEP 7 (TIA Portal) to access data values

in blocks and what should you watch out for with the differences between the

types?

https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/67655611

Which properties should you watch out for in STEP 7 (TIA Portal) for the

instructions "READ_DBL" and "WRIT_DBL" when using DBs with optimized

access?

https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/51434747

2.6.4 Conversion between optimized and non-optimized tags

It is generally recommended to work with optimized tags. However, if in individual

cases, you want to keep your programming so far, there will be a mix of optimized

and non-optimized data storage in the program.

The system knows the internal storage of each tag, irrelevant whether structured

(derived from an individually defined data type) or elementary (INT, LREAL, …).

For assignments with the same type between two tags with different memory

storage, the system converts automatically. This conversion requires performance

for structured tags and should therefore be avoided, if possible.

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