入门iPhone 4开发：探索iOS SDK

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"Apress - Beginning iPhone 4 Development-Exploring the iOS SDK 是一本全面介绍为iPhone、iPad和iPod touch创建应用的书籍，由Dave Mark、Jack Nutting和Jeff LaMarche合著，涵盖了iOS 4 SDK的最新开发工具和方法。" 本书的核心内容在于引导读者进入iOS应用开发的世界，特别关注iOS 4 SDK的新特性，帮助开发者理解iOS应用的工作原理和构建方式。针对初学者，作者设计了一系列小型应用程序的开发实例，以逐步解析iOS的关键功能，并展示如何与这些功能进行交互。首先，书中会介绍iOS开发环境的搭建，包括安装Xcode IDE、设置开发证书以及必要的开发者账号注册过程。这对于新手来说是进入iOS开发的第一步，因为没有这些基础工具，就无法进行实际的编码工作。接下来，作者将深入讲解Objective-C编程语言，它是iOS开发的基础。读者将学习类、对象、消息传递等核心概念，以及如何利用Foundation框架进行数据管理。此外，还会涉及内存管理，这是iOS应用稳定性和性能的关键因素。在掌握了基本的编程技能后，书中的章节会逐步引入用户界面设计，包括故事板（Storyboard）的使用、UI控件（如按钮、文本框等）的创建和布局管理。读者将学习如何使用Auto Layout和Size Classes来适应不同屏幕尺寸的设备，以及如何响应用户输入事件。然后，书会探讨更高级的主题，如网络编程，包括HTTP请求、JSON解析和URLSession的使用。这使得开发者能够创建可以与服务器进行数据交换的应用，如社交媒体应用或在线购物平台。此外，还会有关于多线程和异步操作的讲解，以确保应用在执行耗时任务时保持用户界面的响应性。随着对iOS SDK的深入探索，书籍会介绍Core Data，这是一个强大的数据持久化框架，用于存储和检索应用程序的数据。同时，也会涉及地理位置服务，让开发者可以构建能够获取和处理用户位置信息的应用。在图形和动画部分，读者将学习如何使用Core Animation和Quartz 2D来创建动态和视觉吸引人的效果。这对于游戏开发或是需要交互式界面的应用至关重要。最后，书中还会涵盖测试和发布应用的过程，包括单元测试、应用内购买、App Store提交指南以及用户反馈的处理。这确保开发者能够为用户提供高质量、无故障的应用体验。《 Beginning iPhone 4 Development-Exploring the iOS SDK》是一本全面且实用的入门教程，不仅教授iOS开发的基础知识，还提供了丰富的实例和实战经验，旨在帮助读者快速成为熟练的iOS应用开发者。

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

Figure 2–1. The Xcode welcome window. Note that if this is the first time you are running Xcode, there will be no

recent projects. This will change as you make your way through the book.

NOTE: If you have an iOS device connected to your machine, you might see a message when you

first launch Xcode asking whether you want to use that device for development. Alternatively, a

window titled Organizer, designed to list the devices you’ll be working with, might appear. For

now, click the Ignore button or, in the case of the Organizer window, close the window. If you

choose to join the paid iOS Developer Program, you will gain access to a program portal that will

tell you how to use your iOS device for development and testing.

Create a new project by selecting File ➤ New Project..., or by pressing N, which will

bring up the New Project assistant (see Figure 2–2). The pane on the left side of the

sheet is divided into two main sections: iOS and Mac OS X.

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

Your project window features a toolbar across the top, which gives you ready access to

a lot of commonly used commands. Below the toolbar, the window is divided into three

main sections, or panes.

The pane that runs down the left side of the window is called the Groups & Files pane.

All of the resources that make up your project are grouped here, as are a number of

relevant project settings. Just as in the Finder, clicking the little triangle to the left of an

item expands that item to show available subitems. Click the triangle again to hide the

subitems.

The top-right pane is called the Detail View (or just Detail pane) and shows you detailed

information about items selected in the Groups & Files pane. The lower-right pane is

called the Editor pane. If you select a single file in either the Groups & Files or Detail

pane and Xcode knows how to display that kind of file, the contents of the file will be

displayed in the Editor pane. Editable files, such as source code, can also be edited

here. In fact, this is where you will be writing and editing your application’s source code.

Now that we have the terminology out of the way, take a look at the Groups & Files

pane. The first item in the list should bear the same name as your project, in this case,

Hello World. This item is the gathering point for the source code and the other resources

specific to your project. For the time being, don’t worry about the items in the Groups &

Files pane except those under Hello World.

Take a look at Figure 2–4. Note that the disclosure triangle to the left of Hello World is

open, and there are five subfolders: Classes, Other Sources, Resources, Frameworks,

and Products. Let’s briefly talk about what each subfolder is used for:

 Classes is where you will spend much of your time. This is where most

of the code that you write will go, since this is where all Objective-C

classes rightfully belong. You are free to create subfolders under the

Classes folder to help organize your code. We’ll be using this folder

starting in the next chapter.

 Other Sources contains source code files that aren’t Objective-C

classes. Typically, you won’t spend a lot of time in the Other Sources

folder. When you create a new iPhone application project, there are

two files in this folder:



Hello_World_Prefix.pch: The extension .pch stands for

“precompiled header.” This is a list of header files from external

frameworks that are used by our project. Xcode will precompile

the headers contained in this file, which will reduce the amount

of time it takes to compile your project whenever you select Build

or Build and Go. It will be a while before you have to worry about

this, because the most commonly used header files are already

included for you.

 main.m: This is where your application’s main() function is. You

normally won’t need to edit or change this file.

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

 Resources contains noncode files that will be included as part of your

application. This is where you will include files such as your

application’s icon image and other images, sound files, movie files,

text files, or property lists that your program may need while it’s

running. Remember, since your application runs in its own sandbox,

you will have to include any files you need here, because you won’t be

able to access files located elsewhere on the iPhone except through

sanctioned APIs, such as the ones that provide access to the iPhone’s

photo library and address book. There should be three items in this

folder:

 Hello_WorldViewController.xib: This file contains information

used by the program Interface Builder, which we’ll take for a spin

a bit later in this chapter.

 MainWindow.xib: This is your application’s main Interface Builder

(or “nib”) file. In a simple application like the one we’re building in

this chapter, there’s often no need to touch this file. In later

chapters, when we design more complex interfaces, we will work

with this file and look at it in more depth.

 Hello_World-Info.plist: This is a property list that contains

information about our application. We’ll look at this file a little bit

later in the chapter too.

 Frameworks are a special kind of library that can contain code as well

as resources such as image and sound files. Any framework or library

that you add to this folder will be linked in to your application, and your

code will be able to use objects, functions, and resources contained in

that framework or library. The most commonly needed frameworks

and libraries are linked in to our project by default, so most of the time,

we will not need to do anything with this folder. Less commonly used

libraries and frameworks, however, are not included by default, and

you will see how to link to them into an application later in this book.

 Products contains the application that this project produces when it is

compiled. If you expand Products, you’ll see an item called Hello

World.app. This is the application that this particular project creates.

Hello World.app is this project’s only product. Right now, Hello

World.app is listed in red, which means that the file cannot be found,

which makes sense, since we haven’t compiled our project yet!

Highlighting a file’s name in red is Xcode’s way of telling us that it

can’t find the underlying physical file.

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入门iPhone 4开发：探索iOS SDK

apress.beginning.iphone.development.exploring.the.ios.sdk.7th.edition.1484202007

Apress.Beginning.iPhone.Development.Exploring.the.iOS.SDK.2014

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