Spring 3.2.0官方参考文档：全面理解与实战指南

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Spring Framework Reference Documentation, version 3.2.0.RC2, 是Spring官方发布的一份详尽指南，专为学习和使用Spring框架的开发者设计。Spring是一个广泛应用于企业级Java应用开发的轻量级框架，它强调依赖注入（Dependency Injection, DI）和控制反转（Inversion of Control, IoC）的核心原则，这两个特性使得代码更加模块化、松耦合和易于测试。 Spring框架的主要组成部分包括： 1. **Core Container**：这是Spring的核心，它负责创建和管理对象实例，实现了IoC容器的功能，通过配置管理组件间的关系，简化了应用程序的构建。 2. **Data Access/Integration**：Spring提供了多种数据访问技术的支持，如JDBC、ORM（如Hibernate、MyBatis）、以及对消息队列和事务管理的集成，使得数据访问层能够与业务逻辑解耦。 3. **Web**：Spring Web MVC是Spring框架的重要扩展，提供模型-视图-控制器（Model-View-Controller, MVC）架构模式，支持HTTP请求的处理和响应，简化了web应用的开发。 4. **Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) and Instrumentation**：Spring AOP允许开发者编写跨切面的代码，实现诸如日志、性能监控等横切关注点，而无需修改业务逻辑。此外，Spring也支持类加载器代理和字节码操作。 5. **Testing**：Spring提供测试工具，如Spring Test，使得单元测试和集成测试更加方便，支持Mock对象和断言功能。 6. **Dependency Management and Naming Conventions**：Spring鼓励开发者遵循一定的依赖管理和命名约定，这有助于提高代码的可维护性和团队协作效率。版权方面，该文档允许个人出于非商业目的复制，并要求在复制版本中包含版权声明，无论以纸质或电子形式分发。这份文档涵盖了Spring框架的基础概念、应用场景，以及核心组件的深入介绍，是任何Spring开发者不可或缺的学习资料。

Spring Framework

3.2.0.RC2

Spring Framework

Reference Documentation xvi

Support for the 'Last-Modified' Response Header To Facilitate Content

Caching .................................................................................................. 458

17.4. Handler mappings .......................................................................................... 459

Intercepting requests with a HandlerInterceptor ..................................... 460

17.5. Resolving views ............................................................................................. 462

Resolving views with the ViewResolver interface ....................................... 462

Chaining ViewResolvers ................................................................................. 464

Redirecting to views ....................................................................................... 464

RedirectView .................................................................................... 465

The redirect: prefix ......................................................................... 466

The forward: prefix ........................................................................... 466

ContentNegotiatingViewResolver .................................................... 466

17.6. Using flash attributes ..................................................................................... 468

17.7. Building URIs ............................................................................................... 469

17.8. Using locales ................................................................................................. 470

AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver ............................................................. 471

CookieLocaleResolver .......................................................................... 471

SessionLocaleResolver ........................................................................ 471

LocaleChangeInterceptor ................................................................... 471

17.9. Using themes ................................................................................................. 472

Overview of themes ........................................................................................ 472

Defining themes ............................................................................................. 472

Theme resolvers ............................................................................................. 473

17.10. Spring's multipart (file upload) support .......................................................... 473

Introduction .................................................................................................... 473

Using a MultipartResolver with Commons FileUpload ........................... 474

Using a MultipartResolver with Servlet 3.0 ............................................ 474

Handling a file upload in a form ..................................................................... 474

Handling a file upload request from programmatic clients ................................. 476

17.11. Handling exceptions ..................................................................................... 477

HandlerExceptionResolver ................................................................. 477

@ExceptionHandler ................................................................................. 477

Handling Standard Spring MVC Exceptions ..................................................... 478

Annotating Business Exceptions With @ResponseStatus ............................ 479

Customizing the Default Servlet Container Error Page ...................................... 479

17.12. Convention over configuration support .......................................................... 480

The Controller ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping ....................... 480

The Model ModelMap (ModelAndView) ..................................................... 481

The View - RequestToViewNameTranslator ......................................... 483

17.13. ETag support ............................................................................................... 484

17.14. Code-based Servlet container initialization ..................................................... 485

17.15. Configuring Spring MVC ............................................................................. 486

Enabling the MVC Java Config or the MVC XML Namespace .......................... 487

Customizing the Provided Configuration .......................................................... 488

Configuring Interceptors ................................................................................. 489

Spring Framework

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Spring Framework

Reference Documentation xvii

Configuring Content Negotiation ..................................................................... 489

Configuring View Controllers ......................................................................... 490

Configuring Serving of Resources ................................................................... 491

mvc:default-servlet-handler ............................................................................. 493

More Spring Web MVC Resources ................................................................. 494

Advanced Customizations with MVC Java Config ............................................ 494

Advanced Customizations with the MVC Namespace ....................................... 495

18. View technologies .................................................................................................... 496

18.1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 496

18.2. JSP & JSTL .................................................................................................. 496

View resolvers ............................................................................................... 496

'Plain-old' JSPs versus JSTL ........................................................................... 497

Additional tags facilitating development .......................................................... 497

Using Spring's form tag library ....................................................................... 497

Configuration ......................................................................................... 497

The form tag ........................................................................................ 498

The input tag ...................................................................................... 499

The checkbox tag ................................................................................ 499

The checkboxes tag ........................................................................... 501

The radiobutton tag ......................................................................... 501

The radiobuttons tag ....................................................................... 502

The password tag ................................................................................ 502

The select tag .................................................................................... 502

The option tag .................................................................................... 503

The options tag .................................................................................. 503

The textarea tag ................................................................................ 504

The hidden tag .................................................................................... 504

The errors tag .................................................................................... 504

HTTP Method Conversion ...................................................................... 506

HTML5 Tags ......................................................................................... 507

18.3. Tiles .............................................................................................................. 507

Dependencies ................................................................................................. 508

How to integrate Tiles .................................................................................... 508

UrlBasedViewResolver ................................................................ 508

ResourceBundleViewResolver ................................................... 508

SimpleSpringPreparerFactory and

SpringBeanPreparerFactory ....................................................... 509

18.4. Velocity & FreeMarker .................................................................................. 510

Dependencies ................................................................................................. 510

Context configuration ..................................................................................... 510

Creating templates .......................................................................................... 511

Advanced configuration .................................................................................. 511

velocity.properties ................................................................................... 511

FreeMarker ............................................................................................. 512

Bind support and form handling ...................................................................... 512

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Spring Framework

Reference Documentation xviii

The bind macros ..................................................................................... 512

Simple binding ....................................................................................... 512

Form input generation macros ................................................................. 513

HTML escaping and XHTML compliance ............................................... 517

18.5. XSLT ............................................................................................................ 518

My First Words .............................................................................................. 518

Bean definitions ..................................................................................... 518

Standard MVC controller code ................................................................ 518

Convert the model data to XML .............................................................. 519

Defining the view properties ................................................................... 520

Document transformation ........................................................................ 520

Summary ........................................................................................................ 521

18.6. Document views (PDF/Excel) ......................................................................... 521

Introduction .................................................................................................... 521

Configuration and setup .................................................................................. 521

Document view definitions ...................................................................... 522

Controller code ....................................................................................... 522

Subclassing for Excel views .................................................................... 522

Subclassing for PDF views ..................................................................... 523

18.7. JasperReports ................................................................................................. 524

Dependencies ................................................................................................. 524

Configuration ................................................................................................. 524

Configuring the ViewResolver ........................................................... 525

Configuring the Views ........................................................................... 525

About Report Files ................................................................................. 525

Using JasperReportsMultiFormatView ....................................... 526

Populating the ModelAndView ..................................................................... 526

Working with Sub-Reports .............................................................................. 527

Configuring Sub-Report Files .................................................................. 528

Configuring Sub-Report Data Sources ..................................................... 528

Configuring Exporter Parameters ..................................................................... 529

18.8. Feed Views ................................................................................................... 529

18.9. XML Marshalling View ................................................................................. 530

18.10. JSON Mapping View ................................................................................... 530

19. Integrating with other web frameworks ...................................................................... 531

19.1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 531

19.2. Common configuration ................................................................................... 532

19.3. JavaServer Faces 1.1 and 1.2 .......................................................................... 533

DelegatingVariableResolver (JSF 1.1/1.2) ........................................................ 533

SpringBeanVariableResolver (JSF 1.1/1.2) ....................................................... 534

SpringBeanFacesELResolver (JSF 1.2+) .......................................................... 534

FacesContextUtils ........................................................................................... 535

19.4. Apache Struts 1.x and 2.x .............................................................................. 535

ContextLoaderPlugin ...................................................................................... 535

DelegatingRequestProcessor .................................................................... 536

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3.2.0.RC2

Spring Framework

Reference Documentation xix

DelegatingActionProxy ........................................................................... 537

ActionSupport Classes .................................................................................... 537

19.5. WebWork 2.x ................................................................................................ 538

19.6. Tapestry 3.x and 4.x ...................................................................................... 538

Injecting Spring-managed beans ...................................................................... 539

Dependency Injecting Spring Beans into Tapestry pages ........................... 541

Component definition files ...................................................................... 542

Adding abstract accessors ....................................................................... 543

Dependency Injecting Spring Beans into Tapestry pages - Tapestry 4.x

style ....................................................................................................... 545

19.7. Further Resources .......................................................................................... 546

20. Portlet MVC Framework ........................................................................................... 547

20.1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 547

Controllers - The C in MVC ........................................................................... 548

Views - The V in MVC .................................................................................. 548

Web-scoped beans .......................................................................................... 548

20.2. The DispatcherPortlet ......................................................................... 549

20.3. The ViewRendererServlet ..................................................................... 551

20.4. Controllers ..................................................................................................... 552

AbstractController and PortletContentGenerator ..................... 552

Other simple controllers .................................................................................. 554

Command Controllers ..................................................................................... 554

PortletWrappingController ............................................................... 555

20.5. Handler mappings .......................................................................................... 555

PortletModeHandlerMapping ............................................................... 556

ParameterHandlerMapping ................................................................... 556

PortletModeParameterHandlerMapping ........................................... 557

Adding HandlerInterceptors ................................................................. 557

HandlerInterceptorAdapter ............................................................... 558

ParameterMappingInterceptor ........................................................... 558

20.6. Views and resolving them .............................................................................. 558

20.7. Multipart (file upload) support ........................................................................ 559

Using the PortletMultipartResolver .................................................. 559

Handling a file upload in a form ..................................................................... 560

20.8. Handling exceptions ....................................................................................... 563

20.9. Annotation-based controller configuration ....................................................... 563

Setting up the dispatcher for annotation support ............................................... 563

Defining a controller with @Controller ...................................................... 564

Mapping requests with @RequestMapping .................................................. 565

Supported handler method arguments .............................................................. 566

Binding request parameters to method parameters with @RequestParam ........ 567

Providing a link to data from the model with @ModelAttribute ................... 568

Specifying attributes to store in a Session with @SessionAttributes .......... 569

Customizing WebDataBinder initialization .................................................. 569

Customizing data binding with @InitBinder ....................................... 569

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3.2.0.RC2

Spring Framework

Reference Documentation xx

Configuring a custom WebBindingInitializer ............................... 570

20.10. Portlet application deployment ...................................................................... 570

VI. Integration ........................................................................................................................ 571

21. Remoting and web services using Spring ................................................................... 572

21.1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 572

21.2. Exposing services using RMI ......................................................................... 573

Exporting the service using the RmiServiceExporter ................................ 573

Linking in the service at the client .................................................................. 574

21.3. Using Hessian or Burlap to remotely call services via HTTP ............................. 574

Wiring up the DispatcherServlet for Hessian and co. .............................. 575

Exposing your beans by using the HessianServiceExporter ................... 575

Linking in the service on the client ................................................................. 576

Using Burlap .................................................................................................. 576

Applying HTTP basic authentication to a service exposed through Hessian or

Burlap ............................................................................................................ 576

21.4. Exposing services using HTTP invokers .......................................................... 577

Exposing the service object ............................................................................. 577

Linking in the service at the client .................................................................. 578

21.5. Web services ................................................................................................. 579

Exposing servlet-based web services using JAX-RPC ....................................... 579

Accessing web services using JAX-RPC .......................................................... 580

Registering JAX-RPC Bean Mappings ............................................................. 582

Registering your own JAX-RPC Handler ......................................................... 582

Exposing servlet-based web services using JAX-WS ........................................ 583

Exporting standalone web services using JAX-WS ........................................... 584

Exporting web services using the JAX-WS RI's Spring support ......................... 585

Accessing web services using JAX-WS ........................................................... 585

21.6. JMS .............................................................................................................. 586

Server-side configuration ................................................................................ 587

Client-side configuration ................................................................................. 587

21.7. Auto-detection is not implemented for remote interfaces ................................... 588

21.8. Considerations when choosing a technology .................................................... 589

21.9. Accessing RESTful services on the Client ....................................................... 589

RestTemplate ................................................................................................. 590

Working with the URI ............................................................................ 592

Dealing with request and response headers ............................................... 593

HTTP Message Conversion ............................................................................. 593

StringHttpMessageConverter ................................................................... 594

FormHttpMessageConverter .................................................................... 594

ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter ............................................................. 594

MarshallingHttpMessageConverter .......................................................... 594

MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter (or

MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter with Jackson 1.x) ......................... 594

SourceHttpMessageConverter .................................................................. 594

BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter ...................................................... 594

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Spring 3.2.0官方参考文档：全面理解与实战指南

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