UML与JAVA：面向对象软件工程详解

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"Object-Oriented Software Engineering Using UML Patterns and JAVA" 是一本面向专业软件开发者的经典教材，它深入探讨了面向对象（OOP）软件工程的方法论，并结合统一建模语言（UML）进行实践指导。作者伯恩德·布吕格（Bernd Brügge）和艾伦·D·杜托伊特（Allen H. Dutoit）分别来自德国慕尼黑工业大学计算机科学系和技术大学，以及美国卡内基梅隆大学计算机科学学院，他们的深厚学术背景使得本书内容既理论严谨又易于理解。本书第三版在2010年、2004年和2000年相继发行，由Pearson Education公司旗下的Prentice Hall出版，强调版权保护，所有复制、存储、检索或任何形式的传输，包括电子、机械、影印、录音等，都需要事先获得出版商的许可。该书的核心内容围绕以下几个关键知识点展开： 1. UML基础：UML（Unified Modeling Language）是软件工程师广泛使用的图形化建模工具，用于可视化设计和沟通软件系统的各个组件，如类图、对象图、序列图等。书中会详细解释UML的各种图示及其在面向对象设计中的应用。 2. 面向对象编程（OOP）原则：作者会深入讲解封装、继承、多态等OOP的核心概念，以及如何通过这些原则来设计可维护、可扩展的软件架构。 3. 设计模式：书中会介绍一些经典的UML设计模式，如工厂模式、单例模式、观察者模式等，这些模式是解决常见软件问题的最佳实践，有助于提升代码的复用性和灵活性。 4. Java语言应用：作为一本与Java相关的书籍，读者将学习如何在实际项目中运用UML和OOP原则来设计和实现Java程序，包括类的设计、接口的定义、以及如何通过实例化和调用对象方法来构建系统。 5. 案例分析和实战练习：为了帮助读者更好地理解和掌握理论知识，书中包含了大量的实例和练习题，引导读者通过实践来深化对概念的理解。 6. 最新技术和趋势：由于软件工程领域的持续发展，第三版可能还涵盖了当时最新的软件工程最佳实践，以及Java语言的新特性，确保内容与时俱进。 "Object-Oriented Software Engineering Using UML Patterns and JAVA" 是一本实用的教程，对于想要提高软件开发技能，尤其是熟悉UML和Java的开发者来说，无论是入门学习还是进阶提升，都是一本不可或缺的参考书。

Preface xv

Dr. Allen Dutoit works in the aerospace industry in the area of avionics software

development. He received his M.S. and Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University and his Diplôme

d’Ingénieur from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne. He has taught software

engineering project courses with Professor Bruegge since 1993, both at Carnegie Mellon

University and the Technische Universität München, where they used and refined the methods

described in this book. Dutoit’s research covered several areas of software engineering and

object-oriented systems, including requirements engineering, rationale management, distributed

development, and prototype-based systems. He was previously affiliated with the Software

Engineering Institute and the Institute for Complex Engineered Systems at Carnegie Mellon

University.

Opener Pictures

The pictures at the beginning of each chapter are from an Alpine-style ascent of the West

Rib of Denali (6,193 m) made by one of the authors before starting to work on this book. During

this trip, the analogy between software development and mountaineering became more than

obvious. The pictures chronicle the climb, showing our expedition car on the Alaskan Canadian

Highway, a view of Mt. Robson with the Kain Face (Chapter 1), a view of Denali from the plane

(Chapters 2 and 4), the beginning of the West Rib (Chapter 3), a look 1000 meters down from

the top of the West Rib showing our foot tracks on the East Kahiltna Glacier (Chapter 5), Mt.

Foraker from Camp 5 (Chapter 6), a beautiful but difficult edge around 5,000m (Chapter 7), the

Base Camp of the normal route where we reused the remains of an igloo (Chapter 8), the landing

area for Doug Geeting’s plane (Chapter 9), a bivouac place at the top of the West Rib named

“Hotel Crux,” because one cannot dig an area big enough for a tent (Chapter 10), crossing the

Bergschrund (Chapter 11), a fresh avalanche area (Chapter 12), Denali with the Cassin Ridge

(Chapter 13), plans for different routes to the summit (Chapter 14), a “horizontal” sunrise at the

start of the Cassin Ridge (Chapter 15), and the summit of Denali (Chapter 16).

The cover picture shows the summit of K2.

xviii Acknowledgments

The participants of the project courses. Workstation Fax (1989), Interactive Maps (1991),

Interactive Pittsburgh (1991), FRIEND (1992, 1993, 1994), JEWEL, GEMS (1991, 1994, 1995),

DIAMOND (1995, 1996), OWL (1996, 1997), JAMES (1997, 1998), PAID (1998, 1999),

STARS (1999, 2000, 2001), TRAMP (2001, 2002), ARENA (2002, 2003), CampusTV (2004,

2005), Virtual Symphony Orchester (2005), WALOS (2006), and DOLLI (2007, 2008).

The people who supported the projects. For their commitment, for their kindness, and for

getting us out of trouble when we needed it: Martin Bauer, Ulrich Bauer, Catherine Copetas,

Oliver Creighton, Ava Cruse, Barry Eisel, Luca Girardo, Dieter Hege, Mariss Jansons, Joyce

Johnstone, SiegfriedKiese, Siegfried Klinkhammer, Rafael Kobylinski, Marc Lindike, Asa

MacWilliams, Monika Markl, Key Maerkl and his Aritus Quartet, Pat Miller, Martin Ott, Ralf

Pfleghar, Martin Pittenauer, Harald Ranner, Joachim Reichel, Max Reiss, Barbara Sandling,

Christian Sandor, Ralph Schiessl, Arno Schmackpfeffer, Helma Schneider, Stephan Schoenig,

Steffen Schwarz, Martin Wagner, Uta Weber, Timo Wolf, and Michael Zaddach.

The collegues, coinstructors, and friends who influenced us. Mario Barbacci, Len Bass,

Ben Bennington, Elizabeth Bigelow, Roberto Bisiani, Naoufel Boulila, Harry Q Bovik, Andreas

Braun, Manfred Broy, Sharon Burks, Marvin Carr, Mike Collins, Robert Coyne, Douglas

Cunningham, Michael Ehrenberger, Kim Faught, Peter Feiler, Allen Fisher, Laura Forsyth, Eric

Gardner, Helen Granger, Thomas Gross, Volker Hartkopf, Bruce Horn, David Kauffer, Gudrun

Klinker, Kalyka Konda, Suresh Konda, Rich Korf, Birgitte Krogh, Sean Levy, Frank Mang, K.

C. Marshall, Dick Martin (“Tang Soo”), Horst Mauersberg, Roy Maxion, Russ Milliken, Ira

Monarch, Rhonda Moyer, Robert Patrick, Brigitte Pihulak, Mark Pollard, Martin Purvis, Raj

Reddy, Yoram Reich, James Rumbaugh, Johann Schlichter, Mary Shaw, Jane Siegel, Daniel

Siewiorek, Asim Smailagic, Mark Stehlik, Eswaran Subrahmanian, Stephanie Szakal, Tara

Taylor, Michael Terk, Günter Teubner, Marc Thomas, Walter Tichy, Jim Tomayko, Blake Ward,

Alex Waibel, Art Westerberg, Jeannette Wing, and Tao Zhang.

Reviewers who gave us constructive feedback and who helped us get many details right:

Martin Barrett, Brian Berenbach, Alex Borgida, Ramsey Bualuan, Dave Chesney, Andrea De

Lucia, Debora East, Thomas Eichhorn, Henry Etlinger, Ray Ford, Jim Helm, Jonas Helming,

Korbinian Herrmann, Allen Holliday, John Keklak, Robert Lechner, Max Koegel, Jonathan

Maletic, Jeff McKinstry, Bruce Maxim, Gerhard Mueller, Michael Nagel, Helmut Naughton,

Barbara Paech, Dennis Pagano, Daniel Paulish, Joan Peckham, Gary Pollice, David Rine,

Florian Schneider, Ingo Schneider, Anthony Sullivan, Damla Turgut, and the many anonymous

reviewers for their constructive and detailed comments. All remaining errors are ours.

Everybody at Prentice Hall who helped us making this book a reality, in particular Alan Apt,

our first publisher, for never losing faith; Lakshmi Balasubramanian, Toni Holm, Patrick

Lindner, Camille Trentacoste, Jake Warde, and, for this edition, Tracy Dunkelberger, Scott

Disanno, and many others who worked hard toward the completion of this book, but whom we

did not have the opportunity and pleasure to meet personally.

And finally, our families, to whom we dedicate this book and without whose infinite love and

patience this enterprise would never have been possible.

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zhengyang1988

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