精通.NET 4.0：ASP.NET 4 CMS高级C#开发技术指南

ASP.NET4.CMS

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"Apress.Pro.ASP.NET.4.CMS.Advanced.Techniques.for.CSharp.pdf"是一本专注于使用.NET 4.0框架构建强大ASP.NET 4.0 CMS系统的高级教程。这本书不仅作为入门指南，更是一个深入学习内容管理系统开发的实用辅助资料。作者Alan Harris强调，由于CMS软件的复杂性，不可能在一本书中对每一行代码进行详尽解释，因此书中的结构是通过章节的方式，逐步介绍核心概念，每个章节都以小而直接的例子来快速引导读者理解。每一章都围绕一个特定主题展开，例如设计到实现过程中可能会遇到的设计原则、最佳实践以及潜在的陷阱。作者力求突出这些关键信息，帮助读者掌握新技术，如.NET 4.0的新特性和功能，以便在实际项目中更好地应用。书中内容涵盖了从基础到高级的技巧，包括但不限于数据访问、用户界面设计、模块化开发、性能优化、安全性和扩展性等方面。本书特别适合经验丰富的C#开发者，他们希望通过理解和利用.NET 4.0的强大功能，提升他们的CMS项目。版权方面，所有内容受到保护，未经版权所有者和出版商的书面许可，不得任何形式复制或传播。ISBN号分别针对纸质版和电子版提供了识别码。《Pro ASP.NET 4 CMS: Advanced Techniques for C# Developers Using the .NET 4 Framework》是一本实践导向的教程，旨在帮助读者在掌握最新.NET 4技术的同时，解决实际CMS开发中的挑战。通过阅读这本书，开发者不仅可以提升编程技能，还能了解到如何高效地构建和管理复杂的Web应用程序。

■ CONTENTS

xiv

Acknowledgments

To my friends, family, and co-workers: thank you for sticking with me through another book as well as

the development of the CMS. It’s been a long process but a rewarding one; I hope I haven’t been too

unbearable along the way.

To the team at Apress: thank you for your help, invaluable suggestions, and continual patience while

I developed an enterprise system and a book in lockstep. You gave me the freedom to make the system

what it needed to be and to write a book that supports that vision.

To the great people at KravWorks: thank you for providing me with an environment where I can

grow as both a fighter and a person. The experiences I’ve had within the walls of the school are unlike

anything I’ve encountered anywhere else, and they’ve made me better than I was before. You will always

have my respect.

To the readers of this book: my desire is that what you find in these pages serves to inspire you in

some fashion as a developer. I had an absolute blast building the CMS; I can only hope that I have

conveyed that sense of excitement within.

Introduction

I started down the road of building a content management system (CMS) as a direct result of the

experiences I had working with another custom CMS in my day-to-day work. A handful of design

decisions made at the conception of that system years ago greatly impacted the CMS from a

development standpoint; some things worked exceptionally well, some things needed additional love

and care to achieve the results we really wanted, and some things were outright broken.

As usual, hindsight is 20/20; although the system had carried us for years, the code base was so huge

and so intertwined that rewriting it was the only cost-effective solution. Even simple maintenance tasks

and feature development were increasingly resource-prohibitive. I set off on a skunkworks project to

create the CMS while the remaining developers kept the existing one chugging along.

It’s a truly difficult decision to throw away code. A lot of developers worked on the previous CMS

over the years, and a completely new system brings with it a unique set of challenges. I wasn’t only

throwing the old code away; I was throwing away the applied project experience, the accumulated

developer-hours spent working with it, and so on. It’s the shortest path to incurring significant design

debt that I can think of, and incur I most certainly did: the CMS was developed from the ground up over

the course of approximately a year.

The end result is a CMS that the development team is happier working with, that management can

trust will be stable and dependable, and that users find both responsive and fully featured. It’s not

perfect, but luckily, no system is. If there were such a thing, someone would’ve built it, and we’d all be

out of jobs. What I’ve tried to do is build a system that met the evolving business needs of my

organization and write a book to accompany it that acts as a guided tour of both the new .NET features

and how they click together in the context of a CMS. It has proven to be a very interesting ride, indeed.

A tremendous benefit to the creation of both the system and the book was the early preview and

beta of Visual Studio 2010 and .NET 4.0. Case in point: as you’ll see, the new Managed Extensibility

Framework makes up a significant part of the business logic in the CMS (and VS2010, which uses MEF

for its add-on capabilities). Could the CMS have been built without .NET 4? Of course, it could have

been, but I would venture to say that it would not be as robust or as feature-complete given the

timeframe.

I can think of a dozen ways to accomplish any of the results shown by the CMS in this book. What I

have attempted here is to demonstrate the methods that worked for me in a production environment,

using a system that is concrete rather than theoretical, and with the newest technology Microsoft has to

offer as the method of transportation.

About This Book

This book is fundamentally a companion text as much as it is an introduction. A content management

system is a nontrivial piece of software with many “moving pieces.” As such, it would be next to

impossible to document the usage of each and every line of code in a meaningful way while still giving

adequate coverage to the topics new to .NET 4.0.

In terms of structure, each chapter introduces a new topic of some sort, breaking down the core

concepts quickly using small, straightforward examples. The remainder of the chapter is used to

demonstrate how those concepts were applied to solving the challenges that building a CMS presents.

C H A P T E R 1

■ ■ ■

Visual Studio 2010 and .NET 4

“If the automobile had followed the same development cycle as the computer, a Rolls-

Royce would today cost $100, get a million miles per gallon, and explode once a year,

killing everyone inside.”

—Robert X. Cringely

It has been eight years since Microsoft released the first version of the .NET Framework and Visual

Studio to the world. In the interim, developers have found new and innovative ways to create

tremendously powerful software with these tools, and Microsoft in turn has listened carefully to

developer feedback, effectively putting the feature set and methodology into the hands of the people

who will use it on a daily basis. The number and quality of tools in this latest version speak highly to that

decision.

Now on version 4 of the .NET Framework, Microsoft has radically improved the developer

experience while maintaining the core framework that so many have become comfortable with. As the

framework has evolved over time, Microsoft has done an excellent job of preserving the functional core

while adding impressive components on top, thereby reducing or eliminating breaking changes in most

cases, which not only eases the upgrade process for developers but serves as an excellent bullet point for

IT managers who must weigh the risks of infrastructure upgrade with the benefits of the newest versions

of the framework.

■ Note The last release with potential breaking changes was version 2.0 of the framework; versions 1.0 and 1.1

of .NET were solid releases, but developer feedback resulted in several sweeping changes. That said, the breaking

changes were limited

, and since then components have been added, not removed or significantly modified.

Who This Book Is For

I assume that if you’re reading this book, you’ve already got some experience with developing in a .NET

language; the book uses primarily C#, with additional sections in IronPython for scripting purposes,

jQuery for client-side JavaScript development, and so on. Ideally, before beginning, you should at least

be comfortable with creating solutions, web sites, and class libraries, as well as comfortable with the

general C# language syntax. Although the book will address the core concepts in a content management

CHAPTER 1 ■ VISUAL STUDIO 2010 AND .NET 4

system as well as how to apply new .NET 4 features to its development, we'll be moving at a pace that

assumes web development is already fairly natural for you.

Further, although we will be focusing mainly on C#, there are situations where C# is not the best

language in which to express a solution to a particular problem, and there are so many great choices

available in .NET 4 that it’s almost criminal to ignore them. When a new language or tool is introduced,

we’ll take some time to cover its syntax and capabilities before applying it to the CMS, so you don’t need

to be a complete .NET polyglot expert before tackling those sections.

■ Caution I am using the Team System edition of Visual Studio 2010 for the writing of this book because there

are components to the IDE that are made available only through that particular edition. If you’re using Professional

or Express versions of any of these tools, there will be certain components you won’t be able to use. I will highlight

these areas for you and do my best to make things functional for you even if you’re not using the same version.

The most notable difference is the lack of historical debugging in versions below Team System.

Who This Book Is Not For (or “Buy Me Now, Read Me Later”)

If you have no experience in a .NET language (either C# or VB .NET) or no experience with the concepts

behind web development (such as HTTP requests, the page life cycle, and so on), I would wager that

you’ll be in some conceptually deep water fairly quickly, and you probably won’t enjoy the experience

much. This book is aimed at the intermediate to advanced .NET developer who is interested in learning

about the newest version of .NET and Visual Studio as well as the application of some of Microsoft’s

more interesting fringe projects that are in development at this time. You do need some familiarity with

the tools and languages this book is based on; I recommend spending some time learning about C# and

ASP.NET and then returning to see some examples of new Microsoft technology that makes the

experience more enjoyable.

What’s New in .NET 4

Before we jump into Visual Studio, let’s take a look at the new features and tools that come with .NET 4.

For now we’ll take a quick look at each topic, effectively creating a preview of the contents of the rest of

the book. Each topic will be covered in greater detail as we explore how to apply it to the design of the

CMS (which you’ll learn about at the end of this chapter).

Some of the tools and components I detail in this chapter are separate downloads from the core 4

framework; I have provided the current links and versions for your convenience.

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