iPhone游戏开发指南

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"iPhone Game Development.pdf" 本书《iPhone Game Development》由Paul Zirkle和Joe Hogue合著，详细探讨了在苹果的iPhone平台上进行游戏开发的相关技术和策略。这本书旨在帮助开发者掌握创建引人入胜、功能丰富的iOS游戏所需的技能。在iOS游戏开发中，开发者需要了解Apple的开发环境Xcode，它是所有iOS应用开发的基础。Xcode提供了集成开发环境（IDE），包括代码编辑器、调试器和界面构建工具，使得开发者能够便捷地编写Objective-C或Swift代码。Objective-C是苹果的传统编程语言，而Swift则是近年来推出的更现代、更安全的替代语言。游戏开发的关键部分之一是图形和动画。本书可能涵盖了OpenGL ES，这是一个专为嵌入式系统设计的图形库，用于在iOS设备上绘制2D和3D图像。另外，UIKit框架也提供了许多用于创建动态用户界面的功能，这对于制作游戏的互动元素非常有用。物理引擎如Box2D和Chipmunk可以帮助开发者实现真实感的碰撞检测和物理行为模拟。这些引擎允许游戏中的对象遵循真实的物理规则，增加游戏的沉浸感和挑战性。音效和音乐在游戏体验中同样重要。开发者需要了解如何使用AudioToolbox和AVFoundation框架来集成音频资源，创建背景音乐、音效和语音对话。此外，游戏性能优化是iOS游戏开发的重要环节。优化内存使用、减少CPU占用以及充分利用多核处理器的能力可以提升游戏的流畅度。开发者还需要考虑电池寿命，避免过度消耗设备电量。最后，本书可能会讨论App Store的发布流程，包括应用审核指南、市场营销策略和应用内购买(IAP)的实现，以帮助开发者成功地将游戏推向市场并实现盈利。《iPhone Game Development》提供了一个全面的指南，涵盖了从项目构思到最终发布的整个过程，包括编程、设计、测试和发布等各个阶段，对于想要进入iOS游戏开发领域的开发者来说是一份宝贵的资源。

not download Xcode separately because it is included within the SDK download

package (and the version of Xcode that comes with the SDK may be newer than

what is otherwise available).

5. Once downloaded, install the SDK, which will make Xcode and Interface Builder

accessible to you in the /Developer/Applications folder on your hard drive (you can

also activate Spotlight and search for Xcode and Interface Builder to launch either

application quickly).

The free developer account will allow you to build applications and run them in a

simulator on your Mac. However, to load your application onto a phone, you will also

need to sign up for the paid developer program. This requires a small annual fee, so

even if you are a private developer, it won’t hurt your wallet too much:

1. Go to http://developer.apple.com/iphone/program/apply.html.

2. You will have two options: Standard Program and Enterprise Program. If you are

writing games for the general public, you probably do not want the Enterprise

Program. If you read closely, you will notice the Enterprise Program is actually for

creating applications that only you and your company will use internally. If you

plan to create games that will be sold via the App Store, rest assured that the

Standard Program is the correct choice for you.

3. Select Enroll Now and log in if necessary.

4. You now have another choice: enroll as an individual or as a company. If you

choose Individual, you will not be able to add other programmers or quality as-

surance members to your account, which is necessary to distribute your application

to others during the development and testing process. However, if you select Com-

pany, you will be required to provide detailed information about your company.

5. Continue through the website, selecting the appropriate information, until you

arrive at a screen that says “Thank you for submitting your enrollment.” Now you

must wait for an email from Apple (which may take on the order of a month to

arrive).

Signing up for the paid developer program will also give you access to

beta releases of future versions of the iPhone OS and SDK, but only

during the times at which Apple chooses to make them available.

It is good to get your paid developer account enrollment going as soon as possible so

that it will be available when you actually need it.

Application Bundles

When you build an application using Xcode, the end result is called an application

bundle. In Mac OS X and the iPhone, an application bundle is a special type of directory

2 | Chapter 1: Introduction to the iPhone

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that holds an executable file and the resources needed to run it. This includes an icon

to represent the application, files with special information about the application, and

any images or sounds the application uses.

In the Finder, an application bundle simply appears as its application

icon; right-click or Ctrl-click on it and select View Package Contents

from the menu to see what’s inside.

Although you can’t do this on the iPhone, you can find iPhone appli-

cations in the iPhone Simulator. If you have the iPhone SDK installed,

you can use Spotlight to search for the MobileSafari.app file. Show this

file in the Finder (don’t try to run it on your Mac), and view its package

contents (some of which appears in the following list).

A typical iPhone application bundle might have the following structure:

Executable

(Required.) This is the compiled code executable; it will typically have the same

name as your application. In MobileSafari.app, this is the file named MobileSafari.

Info.plist

(Required.) This is a collection of properties, in key-value pair form, that specifies

important information about your application. Notable properties listed here are

the display name of your application, the version number, and a unique ID number.

These files use a binary format that can’t be read in a text editor, but you can use

the Property List Editor located in /Developer/Applications/Utilities to view them.

icon.png

(Required.) This is a 57 × 57 pixel icon used to represent your application on the

iPhone’s home screen. Glossy button effects will be added on top of this image

automatically, so it should be flat-colored.

Various resources

(Optional.) All common resource files, such as images, sounds, and binary data,

used by your application will be placed in the same folder as the executable. The

only subfolders present in an iPhone application bundle are for localized resources.

Localization folders

(Optional.) If your application supports multiple languages, you may add sub-

folders to the bundle, which contain resources that cater to individual languages.

The folder names will have a language name or an ISO language abbreviation fol-

lowed by “.lproj”; for example, English.lproj, French.lproj, German.lproj, and

uk.lproj would each contain resources specific to English, French, German, and

UK English languages, respectively.

Settings.bundle

(Optional.) You will create this file if you want your application to provide user

preference options in the Settings application that comes with the iPhone.

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Icon-Settings.png

(Optional.) If you added a Settings.bundle file, this image is used to represent the

application in the Settings application. The image should be 29 × 29 pixels. How-

ever, if you do not add this image, the Icon.png image will be scaled and used

automatically.

MainWindow.nib

(Optional.) Created by the Interface Builder application, MainWindow.nib con-

tains code and resources necessary to draw your application as it starts up.

More .nib files can be loaded after this one, but it will always be the first in memory.

Default.png

(Optional.) This image is displayed as the application is loading the Main-

Window.nib file. It should be full screen, which is 480 × 320 pixels on the iPhone.

If this image is close to what the user will see when the application is finished

loading, the load process will appear to take less time.

iTunesArtwork

(Optional.) If you are distributing the application outside the App Store, this art-

work is used to display your application when loading onto a handset using iTunes.

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