3GPP R17标准：5G基站与用户设备的传输接收规范

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"3GPPTS38.104V17.6.0(2022-06)" 是一份关于5G NR (New Radio) 基站（BS）无线传输与接收的技术规范，发布于3GPP Release 17版本，详细规定了基站的一致性测试要求。 5G技术的发展主要分为两个关键阶段：R15和R16。R15标准专注于增强移动宽带(eMBB)和低时延高可靠(URLLC)服务，以支持高速数据传输和实时应用。而R16标准则进一步完善了5G标准，特别是针对大规模机器类型通信(mMTC)的需求，强调了低功耗和大规模连接的能力，适用于物联网(IoT)等场景。 3GPP RAN4 规范是5G标准化工作的一部分，它定义了用户设备(UE)和基站之间的最低性能要求。RAN4关注基站侧，确保其符合标准并能提供一致的服务。与此同时，RAN5则负责用户设备的测试要求，两者共同确保了设备和网络在实际环境中的兼容性和性能。在RAN4中，测试测量不确定度(MU)和测试容限(TT)是评估基站性能的重要指标。MU衡量的是测试结果的精度，而TT则是设备必须达到的性能阈值，以确保其能在各种条件下正常工作。这些测试通常设置为比实际需求更严格的条件，以保证设备在实际使用时能够超越基本标准，提供稳定且可靠的服务。 "3GPPTS38.104"这份技术规范涵盖了基站的射频(RF)特性，包括发射功率控制、频率误差、同步、接收机灵敏度等关键参数。它不仅对基站的硬件设计有指导作用，也对硬件工程师在实现5G通信系统时提供了明确的技术指导。该文档虽然未经3GPP组织伙伴的正式批准，但作为3GPP内部开发的工作文档，对于参与3GPP未来发展的企业和个人具有重要的参考价值。3GPP支持办公室位于法国瓦尔邦，有兴趣获取更多关于3GPP系统实施的规范和报告可以通过官方渠道联系。 3GPP的版权通知强调未经许可，任何部分都不能复制，除非获得书面授权。这表明规范的严谨性和保护知识产权的重要性。

[19] ERC Recommendation 74-01, "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".

[20] 3GPP TS 37.213: "Physical layer procedures for shared spectrum channel access".

[21] ECC Decision(20)02: “Harmonised use of the paired frequency bands 874.4-880.0 MHz and

919.4-925.0 MHz and of the unpaired frequency band 1900-1910 MHz for Railway Mobile Radio

(RMR)”

[22] 3GPP TR 38.852: Introduction of 1900MHz NR band for Europe for Rail Mobile Radio (RMR)

[23] 3GPP TR 38.853: Introduction of 900MHz NR band for Europe for Rail Mobile Radio (RMR)

[24] FCC Report And Order And Further Notice Of Proposed Rulemaking FCC 20-51, April 2020.

3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

3.1 Definitions

For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following

apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in 3GPP

TR 21.905 [1].

Aggregated BS Channel Bandwidth:The RF bandwidth in which a Base Station transmits and receives multiple

contiguously aggregated carriers. The aggregated BS channel bandwidth is measured in MHz.

antenna connector: connector at the conducted interface of the BS type 1-C

active transmitter unit: transmitter unit which is ON, and has the ability to send modulated data streams that are

parallel and distinct to those sent from other transmitter units to a BS type 1-C antenna connector, or to one or more BS

type 1-H TAB connectors at the transceiver array boundary

Base Station RF Bandwidth: RF bandwidth in which a base station transmits and/or receives single or multiple

carrier(s) within a supported operating band

NOTE: In single carrier operation, the Base Station RF Bandwidth is equal to the BS channel bandwidth.

Base Station RF Bandwidth edge: frequency of one of the edges of the Base Station RF Bandwidth.

basic limit: emissions limit relating to the power supplied by a single transmitter to a single antenna transmission line

in ITU-R SM.329 [2] used for the formulation of unwanted emission requirements for FR1

beam: beam (of the antenna) is the main lobe of the radiation pattern of an antenna array

NOTE: For certain BS antenna array, there may be more than one beam.

beam centre direction: direction equal to the geometric centre of the half-power contour of the beam

beam direction pair: data set consisting of the beam centre direction and the related beam peak direction

beam peak direction: direction where the maximum EIRP is found

beamwidth: beam which has a half-power contour that is essentially elliptical, the half-power beamwidths in the two

pattern cuts that respectively contain the major and minor axis of the ellipse

BS channel bandwidth: RF bandwidth supporting a single NR RF carrier with the transmission bandwidth configured

in the uplink or downlink

NOTE 1: The BS channel bandwidth is measured in MHz and is used as a reference for transmitter and receiver RF

requirements.

3GPP

Release 17

3GPP TS 38.104 V17.6.0 (2022-06)

NOTE 2: It is possible for the BS to transmit to and/or receive from one or more UE bandwidth parts that are

smaller than or equal to the BS transmission bandwidth configuration, in any part of the BS transmission

bandwidth configuration.

BS transmission bandwidth configuration: set of resource blocks located within the BS channel bandwidth which

may be used for transmitting or receiving by the BS

BS type 1-C: NR base station operating at FR1 with requirements set consisting only of conducted requirements

defined at individual antenna connectors

BS type 1-H: NR base station operating at FR1 with a requirement set consisting of conducted requirements defined at

individual TAB connectors and OTA requirements defined at RIB

BS type 1-O: NR base station operating at FR1 with a requirement set consisting only of OTA requirements defined at

the RIB

BS type 2-O: NR base station operating at FR2 with a requirement set consisting only of OTA requirements defined at

the RIB

Channel edge: lowest or highest frequency of the NR carrier, separated by the BS channel bandwidth.

Carrier aggregation: aggregation of two or more component carriers in order to support wider transmission

bandwidths

Carrier aggregation configuration: a set of one or more operating bands across which the BS aggregates carriers with

a specific set of technical requirements

co-location reference antenna: a passive antenna used as reference for base station to base station co-location

requirements

Contiguous carriers: set of two or more carriers configured in a spectrum block where there are no RF requirements

based on co-existence for un-coordinated operation within the spectrum block.

Contiguous spectrum: spectrum consisting of a contiguous block of spectrum with no sub-block gap(s).

directional requirement: requirement which is applied in a specific direction within the OTA coverage range for the

Tx and when the AoA of the incident wave of a received signal is within the OTA REFSENS RoAoA or the minSENS

RoAoA as appropriate for the receiver

equivalent isotropic radiated power: equivalent power radiated from an isotropic directivity device producing the

same field intensity at a point of observation as the field intensity radiated in the direction of the same point of

observation by the discussed device

NOTE: Isotropic directivity is equal in all directions (i.e. 0 dBi).

equivalent isotropic sensitivity: sensitivity for an isotropic directivity device equivalent to the sensitivity of the

discussed device exposed to an incoming wave from a defined AoA

NOTE 1: The sensitivity is the minimum received power level at which specific requirement is met.

NOTE 2: Isotropic directivity is equal in all directions (i.e. 0 dBi).

fractional bandwidth: fractional bandwidth FBW is defined as

FBW =200 ∙

FBWhigh

−F

FBWlow

FBWhigh

FBWlow

Highest Carrier: The carrier with the highest carrier frequency transmitted/received in a specified frequency band.

Inter-band carrier aggregation: carrier aggregation of component carriers in different operating bands.

NOTE: Carriers aggregated in each band can be contiguous or non-contiguous.

Inter-band gap: The frequency gap between two supported consecutive operating bands.

Intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation: contiguous carriers aggregated in the same operating band.

Intra-band non-contiguous carrier aggregation: non-contiguous carriers aggregated in the same operating band.

3GPP

Release 17

3GPP TS 38.104 V17.6.0 (2022-06)

Inter RF Bandwidth gap: frequency gap between two consecutive Base Station RF Bandwidths that are placed within

two supported operating bands

Lowest Carrier: The carrier with the lowest carrier frequency transmitted/received in a specified frequency band.

Lower sub-block edge: frequency at the lower edge of one sub-block.

NOTE: It is used as a frequency reference point for both transmitter and receiver requirements.

maximum carrier output power: mean power level measured per carrier at the indicated interface, during the

transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition

maximum carrier TRP output power: mean power level measured per RIB during the transmitter ON period for a

specific carrier in a specified reference condition and corresponding to the declared rated carrier TRP output power

rated,c,TRP

)

maximum total output power: mean power level measured within the operating band at the indicated interface, during

the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition

maximum total TRP output power: mean power level measured per RIB during the transmitter ON period in a

specified reference condition and corresponding to the declared rated total TRP output power (P

rated,t,TRP

)

measurement bandwidth: RF bandwidth in which an emission level is specified

minSENS: the lowest declared EIS value for the OSDD's declared for OTA sensitivity requirement.

minSENS RoAoA: The reference RoAoA associated with the OSDD with the lowest declared EIS

multi-band connector: Antenna Connector of BS type 1-C or TAB connector of BS type 1-H associated with a

transmitter or receiver that is characterized by the ability to process two or more carriers in common active RF

components simultaneously, where at least one carrier is configured at a different operating band than the other

carrier(s) and where this different operating band is not a sub-band or superseding-band of another supported

operating band

multi-band RIB: operating band specific RIB associated with a transmitter or receiver that is characterized by the

ability to process two or more carriers in common active RF components simultaneously, where at least one carrier is

configured at a different operating band than the other carrier(s) and where this different operating band is not a sub-

band or superseding-band of another supported operating band

Multi-carrier transmission configuration: set of one or more contiguous or non-contiguous carriers that a NR BS is

able to transmit simultaneously according to the manufacturer’s specification.

NB-IoT operation in NR in-band: NB-IoT is operating in-band when it is located within a NR transmission

bandwidth configuration plus 15 kHz at each edge but not within the NR minimum guard band GB

Channel

NB-IoT operation in NR guard band: NB-IoT is operating in guard band when it is located within a NR BS channel

bandwidth but is not NB-IoT operation in NR in-band.

Non-contiguous spectrum: spectrum consisting of two or more sub-blocks separated by sub-block gap(s).

operating band: frequency range in which NR operates (paired or unpaired), that is defined with a specific set of

technical requirements

NOTE: The operating band(s) for a BS is declared by the manufacturer according to the designations in tables

5.2-1 and 5.2-2.

OTA coverage range: a common range of directions within which TX OTA requirements that are neither specified in

the OTA peak directions sets nor as TRP requirement are intended to be met

OTA peak directions set: set(s) of beam peak directions within which certain TX OTA requirements are intended to

be met, where all OTA peak directions set(s) are subsets of the OTA coverage range

NOTE: The beam peak directions are related to a corresponding contiguous range or discrete list of beam centre

directions by the beam direction pairs included in the set.

3GPP

Release 17

3GPP TS 38.104 V17.6.0 (2022-06)

OTA REFSENS RoAoA: the RoAoA determined by the contour defined by the points at which the achieved EIS is

3dB higher than the achieved EIS in the reference direction assuming that for any AoA, the receiver gain is optimized

for that AoA

NOTE: This contour will be related to the average element/sub-array radiation pattern 3dB beamwidth.

OTA sensitivity directions declaration: set of manufacturer declarations comprising at least one set of declared

minimum EIS values (with BS channel bandwidth), and related directions over which the EIS applies

NOTE: All the directions apply to all the EIS values in an OSDD.

polarization match: condition that exists when a plane wave, incident upon an antenna from a given direction, has a

polarization that is the same as the receiving polarization of the antenna in that direction

radiated interface boundary: operating band specific radiated requirements reference where the radiated requirements

apply

NOTE: For requirements based on EIRP/EIS, the radiated interface boundary is associated to the far-field region

Radio Bandwidth: frequency difference between the upper edge of the highest used carrier and the lower edge of the

lowest used carrier

rated beam EIRP: For a declared beam and beam direction pair, the rated beam EIRP level is the maximum power

that the base station is declared to radiate at the associated beam peak direction during the transmitter ON period

rated carrier output power: mean power level associated with a particular carrier the manufacturer has declared to be

available at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition

rated carrier TRP output power: mean power level declared by the manufacturer per carrier, for BS operating in

single carrier, multi-carrier, or carrier aggregation configurations that the manufacturer has declared to be available at

the RIB during the transmitter ON period

rated total output power: mean power level associated with a particular operating band the manufacturer has declared

to be available at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition

rated total TRP output power: mean power level declared by the manufacturer, that the manufacturer has declared to

be available at the RIB during the transmitter ON period

reference beam direction pair: declared beam direction pair, including reference beam centre direction and reference

beam peak direction where the reference beam peak direction is the direction for the intended maximum EIRP within

the OTA peak directions set

receiver target: AoA in which reception is performed by BS types 1-H or BS type 1-O

receiver target redirection range: union of all the sensitivity RoAoA achievable through redirecting the receiver target

related to particular OSDD

receiver target reference direction: direction inside the OTA sensitivity directions declaration declared by the

manufacturer for conformance testing. For an OSDD without receiver target redirection range, this is a direction inside

the sensitivity RoAoA

reference RoAoA: the sensitivity RoAoA associated with the receiver target reference direction for each OSDD.

requirement set:one of the NR base station requirement's set as defined for BS type 1-C, BS type 1-H, BS type 1-O, and

BS type 2-O

sensitivity RoAoA: RoAoA within the OTA sensitivity directions declaration, within which the declared EIS(s) of an

OSDD is intended to be achieved at any instance of time for a specific BS direction setting

single-band connector: BS type 1-C antenna connector or BS type 1-H TAB connector supporting operation either in a

single operating band only, or in multiple operating bands but does not meet the conditions for a multi-band connector.

single-band RIB: operating band specific RIB supporting operation either in a single operating band only, or in

multiple operating bands but does not meet the conditions for a multi-band RIB.

3GPP

Release 17

3GPP TS 38.104 V17.6.0 (2022-06)

sub-band: A sub-band of an operating band contains a part of the uplink and downlink frequency range of the operating

band.

sub-block bandwidth: bandwidth of one sub-block.

sub-block: one contiguous allocated block of spectrum for transmission and reception by the same base station

NOTE: There may be multiple instances of sub-blocks within a Base Station RF Bandwidth.

sub-block gap: frequency gap between two consecutive sub-blocks within a Base Station RF Bandwidth, where the RF

requirements in the gap are based on co-existence for un-coordinated operation

superseding-band: A superseding-band of an operating band includes the whole of the uplink and downlink frequency

range of the operating band.

TAB connector: transceiver array boundary connector

TAB connector RX min cell group: operating band specific declared group of TAB connectors to which BS type 1-H

conducted RX requirements are applied

NOTE: Within this definition, the group corresponds to the group of TAB connectors which are responsible for

receiving a cell when the BS type 1-H setting corresponding to the declared minimum number of cells

with reception on all TAB connectors supporting an operating band, but its existence is not limited to that

condition

TAB connector TX min cell group: operating band specific declared group of TAB connectors to which BS type 1-H

conducted TX requirements are applied.

NOTE: Within this definition, the group corresponds to the group of TAB connectors which are responsible for

transmitting a cell when the BS type 1-H setting corresponding to the declared minimum number of cells

with transmission on all TAB connectors supporting an operating band, but its existence is not limited to

that condition

total radiated power: is the total power radiated by the antenna

NOTE: The total radiated power is the power radiating in all direction for two orthogonal polarizations. Total

radiated power is defined in both the near-field region and the far-field region

transceiver array boundary: conducted interface between the transceiver unit array and the composite antenna

transmission bandwidth: RF Bandwidth of an instantaneous transmission from a UE or BS, measured in resource

block units

transmitter OFF period: time period during which the BS transmitter is not allowed to transmit

transmitter ON period: time period during which the BS transmitter is transmitting data and/or reference symbols

transmitter transient period: time period during which the transmitter is changing from the OFF period to the ON

period or vice versa

UE transmission bandwidth configuration: set of resource blocks located within the UE channel bandwidth which

may be used for transmitting or receiving by the UE

upper sub-block edge: frequency at the upper edge of one sub-block.

NOTE: It is used as a frequency reference point for both transmitter and receiver requirements.

3.2 Symbols

For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:

 Percentage of the mean transmitted power emitted outside the occupied bandwidth on the assigned

channel

BeW

θ,REFSENS

Beamwidth equivalent to the OTA REFSENS RoAoA in the θ-axis in degrees. Applicable for FR1

only.

3GPP

Release 17

3GPP TS 38.104 V17.6.0 (2022-06)

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