Copyright © 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. iii
Notice and Disclaimer of Liability Concerning the Use of IEEE Documents: IEEE Standards documents are developed
within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA)
Standards Board. IEEE develops its standards through a consensus development process, approved by the American National
Standards Institute, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product.
Volunteers are not necessarily members of the Institute and serve without compensation. While IEEE administers the process
and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus development process, IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or
verify the accuracy of any of the information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.
Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. IEEE disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damage, of any
nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the
publication, use of, or reliance upon any IEEE Standard document.
IEEE does not warrant or represent the accuracy or content of the material contained in its standards, and expressly disclaims
any express or implied warranty, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a specific purpose, or that the
use of the material contained in its standards is free from patent infringement. IEEE Standards documents are supplied "AS IS."
The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or
provide other goods and services related to the scope of the IEEE standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a
standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments
received from users of the standard. Every IEEE standard is subjected to review at least every ten years. When a document is
more than ten years old and has not undergone a revision process, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of
some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest
edition of any IEEE standard.
In publishing and making its standards available, IEEE is not suggesting or rendering professional or other services for, or on
behalf of, any person or entity. Nor is IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by any other person or entity to another. Any
person utilizing any IEEE Standards document, should rely upon his or her own independent judgment in the exercise of
reasonable care in any given circumstances or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the
appropriateness of a given IEEE standard.
Translations: The IEEE consensus development process involves the review of documents in English only. In the event that an
IEEE standard is translated, only the English version published by IEEE should be considered the approved IEEE standard.
Official Statements: A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with the IEEE-SA Standards Board
Operations Manual shall not be considered the official position of IEEE or any of its committees and shall not be considered to
be, nor be relied upon as, a formal position of IEEE. At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, an individual
presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be considered the personal views of
that individual rather than the formal position of IEEE.
Comments on Standards: Comments for revision of IEEE Standards documents are welcome from any interested party,
regardless of membership affiliation with IEEE. However, IEEE does not provide consulting information or advice pertaining
to IEEE Standards documents. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text,
together with appropriate supporting comments. Since IEEE standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, it is
important to ensure that any responses to comments and questions also receive the concurrence of a balance of interests. For
this reason, IEEE and the members of its societies and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant
response to comments or questions except in those cases where the matter has previously been addressed. Any person who
would like to participate in evaluating comments or revisions to an IEEE standard is welcome to join the relevant IEEE working
group at http://standards.ieee.org/develop/wg/
.
Comments on standards should be submitted to the following address:
Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board
445 Hoes Lane
Piscataway, NJ 08854
USA
Photocopies: Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by The
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center.
To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive,
Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational
classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.
Authorized licensed use limited to: UNIV OF ALABAMA-BIRMINGHAM. Downloaded on September 30,2014 at 18:17:43 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.