DNA芯片上的动态广播加密：常规模型与向后保密

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DNA-DBE，全称为DNA芯片基动态广播加密方案，是一种创新的密码学技术，专为信息安全设计，尤其是在多用户环境下的数据共享和隐私保护。本文的核心贡献在于提出了一种新的加密机制，允许新用户动态加入系统，同时保持原有的加密和解密过程不变。这种方案的特点是： 1. **固定大小的密文和解密密钥**：在DNA-DBE中，无论是在加密阶段生成的密文还是在解密时使用的密钥，它们的大小都是恒定的。这意味着随着新用户的加入，系统性能不会因为密钥长度的增加而受到影响。 2. **动态加入与向后保密**：这是DNA-DBE的重要特性。新用户加入系统时，他们的加密密钥不会影响到先前用户的数据安全性，这就是所谓的“向后保密”。即使新用户能够访问系统，他们也无法获取历史数据，从而保护了系统的隐私和数据的完整性。 3. **基于DNA的密码系统特性**：DNA-DBE利用了DNA密码系统中独特的加密密钥集和解密密钥集多对多关系这一特性。这在以往一直是DNA密码学领域的一个挑战，但作者通过DNA芯片技术将其转化为实际应用，实现了复杂密码系统的构建。 4. **生物安全性与计算技术抗攻击性**：DNA-DBE的安全基础建立在生物学难题上，这些难题被认为是未来计算技术难以破解的，因此提供了额外的安全保障，抵御新兴技术的威胁。 5. **组定向加密系统的首次探索**：DNA-DBE是首个基于DNA的面向组的加密系统研究，它扩展了传统密码学在群体通信中的应用，为未来的网络和数据共享提供了全新的安全范式。这篇发表在《中国科学》(Science China Information Sciences)的文章，深入探讨了DNA芯片在动态广播加密中的应用，展示了如何利用生物学原理和密码学技术来创建一个高效且安全的系统，这对于保护大规模数据传输中的隐私和动态参与者之间的交互具有重要意义。

RESEARCH PAPER

SCIENCE CHINA

Information Sciences

September 2014, Vol. 57 092110:1–092110:10

doi: 10.1007/s11432-014-5139-z

 Science China Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 info.scichina.com link.springer.com

DNA-chip-based dynamic broadcast encryption

scheme with constant-size ciphertexts and

decryption keys

FANG XiWen & LAI XueJia

∗

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,

Shanghai 200240, China

Received February 16, 2014; accepted April 18, 2014

Abstract In this paper we present DNA-DBE, a DNA-chip-based dynamic broadcast encryption scheme. In

our scheme, new users can join dynamically wi thout modiﬁcation of other users’ decryption keys. Either the

ciphertext or the decryption key is of constant-size. Backward secrecy is achieved in DNA-DBE: if new users join

the system dynamically, they will not be able to retrieve past data. The security of our scheme relies on hard

biological problems, which are immune to attacks of new computing technologies in the future. T here exists a

special feature in DNA–based cryptosystems, i.e. the set of encryption keys and the set of decryption keys have

a many-to-many relationship. The i mplementation of more complicated DNA cryptosystems taking advantage

of this special feature has been previously lef t as an open problem. Our DNA-DBE system is a solution to this

open problem, which is also the ﬁrst exploration of DNA based group-oriented encryption system.

Keywords DNA cryptography, dynamic broadcast encryption, group oriented cryptography, DNA chip,

cryptology

Citation Fang X W, Lai X J. DNA-chip-based dynamic broadcast encryption scheme with constant-size cipher-

texts and decryption keys. Sci China Inf Sci, 2014, 57: 092110(10), doi: 10.1007/s11432-014-5139-z

1 Introduction

Since Adleman’s pioneering research that showed DNA can be used to solve the Hamiltonian path problem

[1], many researchers have explored the ability of biological mole c ule s to perfor m computation. Later,

the enormous storage capability and parallel computability of DNA molecules were also introduced into

cryptogr aphy: Clelland et al. demonstrated an approach to hide messages in DNA microdots [2]. Gehani

et al. proposed two DNA one-time-pad encryption schemes [3]. Based on the encoding technique presented

in Lipton [4], Boneh et al. proposed a scheme breaking the Data Encryption Standard (DES) [5]. All of

these re searches demonstrated that it is a viable way to constr uct cryptosystems or perform cryptanalysis

based on DNA technology.

DNA chip (microarray) is one of the hottest areas in biological research today. DNA chips consist

of a la rge number of spots embedded on a solid surface. Each sp ot contains multiple copies of probes.

Using this technology, massive parallel operations can be achieved, and this is how DNA-chip-based

cryptosystems came into being:

∗

Corresponding author (email: lai-xj@cs.sjtu.edu.cn)

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