Multiuser Scheduling for Cognitive MIMO with
Channel Estimation Errors and Feedback Delay
Jing Yang
∗†
, Trung Q. Duong
‡
, Maged Elkashlan
§
, Xianfu Lei
¶
, and Xiqi Gao
∗
∗
Southeast University, Nanjing, China (e-mails:jingyang905@163.com, xqgao@seu.edu.cn)
†
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
‡
Queen Mary, University of London, UK (e-mail:maged.elkashlan@qmul.ac.uk)
§
Queen’s University Belfast, UK (e-mail:trung.q.duong@qub.ac.uk)
¶
Utah State University, USA (e-mail:xflei81@gmail.com)
Abstract—A multiuser scheduling multiple-input multiple-
output (MIMO) cognitive radio network (CRN) with space-time
block coding (STBC) is considered in this paper, where one
secondary base station (BS) communicates with one secondary
user (SU) selected from K candidates. The joint impact of
imperfect channel state information (CSI) in BS → SUs and
BS → PU due to channel estimation errors and feedback delay
on the outage performance is firstly investigated. We obtain the
exact outage probability expressions for the considered network
under the peak interference power I
P
at PU and maximum
transmit power P
m
at BS which cover perfect/imperfect CSI
scenarios in BS → SUs and BS → PU. In addition, asymptotic
expressions of outage probability in high SNR region are also
derived from which we obtain several important insights into the
system design. For example, only with perfect CSIs in BS → SUs
, i.e., without channel estimation errors and feedback delay, the
multiuser diversity can be exploited. Finally, simulation results
confirm the correctness of our analysis.
Keywords–Cognitive radio network, amplify-and-forward, im-
perfect CSI, multiuser scheduling, MIMO
I. I NTRODUCTION
Cognitive radio is a revolutionary technology to solve the
spectrum scarcity problem for the future wireless communica-
tion systems [1]. In underlay cognitive radio network (CRN),
the secondary transmitter (ST) and the primary user (PU)
can concurrently access the licensed spectrum as long as the
quality of service (QoS) at PU can be guaranteed. Therefore,
the transmit power at ST must be limited [2]–[4]. The common
power constraints include peak interference power constraint,
the average interference power constraint and the maximum
transmit power constraint. Due to this, CRN suffers some
performance loss.
Incorporating multiuser diversity and multiple-input
multiple-output (MIMO) technologies into CRN, to some
extent, can compensate this performance loss. This is
because multiuser diversity gain is achieved through
opportunistically scheduling a user for transmission owing
to the fast fluctuations of fading channel. Also, MIMO can
rapidly enhance the reliablity and system capacity [5]. In
conventional multiuser MIMO network, considerable efforts
have been devoted to the performance analysis [5], [6].
Compared to the traditional network, there are some unique
challenges to be addressed for CRN, e.g., the PU’s QoS
protection issue. This makes the mathematical analysis more
challenging.
Although CRN has been extensively studied in the research
community, most works only considered single-user or single-
input single-output (SISO) scenarios [7]. Very recently, the
performance of multiuser MIMO CRN has been addressed
in [2]–[4], [8], [9]. It should be noted that most disclosed
work only considered peak interference power limit [2] [3]
or assumed perfect CSI available at ST [4] [8]. A few work
considered imperfect CSI in ST to secondary receivers (SRs)
links [2] [3]. For example, considering peak interference power
limit and imperfect CSI exsiting in ST → SR, the authors in
[2] analyzed the system capacity for the considered network.
It should be noted that, the imperfect CSI in ST → PU will
affect the transmit power constraint at ST which will degrade
the performance of secondary and primary networks.
In this paper, we explore outage performance in a multiuser
scheduling MIMO CRN consisting of one secondary base
station (BS), multiple secondary users (SUs), and one PU.
All terminals are equipped with multiple antennas. Different
from the above mentioned works, imperfect CSIs due to
channel estimation errors and feedback delay in BS → PU
and BS → SUs are considered at the same time. To the
best knowledge of the authors, no prior work has considered
the joint impact of imperfect CSIs both in BS → PU and
BS → SUs on the system performance. Particularly, peak
interference power limit and maximum transmit power limit
are both considered to guarantee the QoS of PU. Different
from transmit antenna selection or beamforming [3], [4], [9],
space time block coding (STBC) can achieve full diversity
gain and simplify implementation. Therefore, we adopt STBC
in this paper.
Our major contribuitions are summarized as follows. Firstly,
we derive the exact outage probability for the considered
network with perfect/imperfect CSI, indicating how the peak
interference power, the maximum transmit power, the number
of SUs, the antenna number of all terminals, and the available
CSIs at BS affect the system performance. Secondly, we obtain
the asymptotic expression for outage probability in high SNR
region under a proportional interference power constraint from
which we characterize the diversity gain and coding gain.
Finally, Monte-Carlo simulations confirm the correctness of
IEEE ICC 2015 - Cognitive Radio and Networks Symposium
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