Python编程实用技巧：第二版

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"《Python Cookbook》是针对Python编程语言的一本实用指南，专注于提供解决方案，以帮助Python程序员解决日常遇到的问题。这本书针对Python 2.4版本进行了更新，包含超过200个食谱（代码示例），涵盖了从基础到复杂的各种任务。作者团队由三位知名的Python专家组成，他们在Python社区中有很高的知名度，并在邮件列表、新闻组和会议上分享他们的知识。书中涉及的知识点广泛，包括： 1. **文本操作**：如何高效地处理字符串和文本数据。 2. **搜索与排序**：如何实现高效的查找和排序算法。 3. **文件和文件系统操作**：读写文件、管理目录结构等。 4. **面向对象编程**：类的设计、继承、封装和多态。 5. **线程与进程处理**：并发编程，理解和使用多线程或多进程。 6. **系统管理**：自动化系统任务，如脚本化系统管理。 7. **数据库交互**：连接和操作各种类型的数据库。 8. **用户界面创建**：构建图形用户界面的应用程序。 9. **网络与Web编程**：HTTP协议、Socket编程和Web服务。 10. **XML处理**：解析、生成和操作XML文档。 11. **分布式编程**：设计和实现跨多个节点的系统。 12. **调试与测试**：有效的错误检测和代码验证方法。此外，书中还新增了关于时间、金钱和元编程的章节，这些都是Python编程中重要的实际应用领域。每个话题都配以丰富的实例和背景知识，旨在帮助读者构建出高效、灵活、可扩展和集成良好的系统。无论你是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，这都是一个宝贵的资源库，可以提升你的Python编程技能。" 这本书不仅提供了代码示例，还包含了对相关背景的解释，使得读者能够更好地理解并应用这些技术。其独特的“食谱”格式使得读者可以快速找到解决特定问题的方法，而不仅仅是学习理论知识。因此，《Python Cookbook》是Python程序员必备的参考书籍之一，对于想要深入理解Python或提高编程能力的人来说，它具有极高的价值。

recipesalthough he couldn't manage to get quite

all

of the specially written

recipes he wanted, so anything that's missing, and wasn't on the cookbook site,

might not be entirely his fault.

Once the selection was complete, the work turned to editing the recipes, and to

merging multiple recipes, as well as incorporating important contents from

many significant comments posted about the recipes. This proved to be quite a

challenge, just as it had been for the first edition, but even more so. The

recipes varied widely in their organization, level of completeness, and

sophistication. With over 300 authors involved, over 300 different "voices" were

included in the text. We have striven to maintain a variety of styles to reflect

the true nature of this book, the book written by the entire Python community.

However, we edited each recipe, sometimes quite considerably, to make it as

accessible and useful as possible, ensuring enough uniformity in structure and

presentation to maximize the usability of the book as a whole. Most recipes,

both from the first edition and from the online site, had to be updated,

sometimes heavily, to take advantage of new tools and better approaches

developed since those recipes were originally posted. We also carefully

reconsidered (and slightly altered) the ordering of chapters, and the placement

and ordering of recipes within chapters; our goal in this reordering was to

maximize the book's usefulness for both newcomers to Python and seasoned

veterans, and, also, for both readers tackling the book sequentially, cover to

cover, and ones just dipping in, in "random access" fashion, to look for help on

some specific area.

While the book should thus definitely be accessible "by hops and jumps," we

nevertheless believe a first sequential skim will amply repay the modest time

you, the reader, invest in it. On such a skim, skip every recipe that you have

trouble following or that is of no current interest to you. Despite the skipping,

you'll still get a sense of how the whole book hangs together and of where

certain subjects are covered, which will stand you in good stead both for later

in-depth sequential reading, if that's your choice, and for "random access"

reading. To further help you get a sense of what's where in the book, here's a

capsule summary of each chapter's contents, and equally capsule bios of the

Python experts who were so kind as to take on the task of writing the chapters'

"Introduction" sections.

Chapter 1

, introduction by Fred L. Drake, Jr

This chapter contains recipes for manipulating text in a variety of ways,

including combining, filtering, and formatting strings, substituting

variables throughout a text document, and dealing with Unicode.

Fred Drake is a member of the PythonLabs group, working on Python

development. A father of three, Fred is best known in the Python

community for single-handedly maintaining the official documentation.

Fred is a co-author of

Python & XML

(O'Reilly).

Chapter 2

, introduction by Mark Lutz

This chapter presents techniques for working with data in files and for

manipulating files and directories within the filesystem, including

specific file formats and archive formats such as

tar

and

zip

Mark Lutz is well known to most Python users as the most prolific author

of Python books, including

Programming Python

Python Pocket

Reference

, and

Learning Python

(all from O'Reilly), which he co-authored

with David Ascher. Mark is also a leading Python trainer, spreading the

Python gospel throughout the world.

Chapter 3

, introduction by Gustavo Niemeyer and Facundo Batista

This chapter (new in this edition) presents tools and techniques for

working with dates, times, decimal numbers, and some other money-

related issues.

Gustavo Niemeyer is the author of the third-party dateutil module, as

well as a variety of other Python extensions and projects. Gustavo lives

in Brazil. Facundo Batista is the author of the Decimal PEP 327, and of

the standard library module decimal, which brought floating-point

decimal support to Python 2.4. He lives in Argentina. The editors were

delighted to bring them together for this introduction.

Chapter 4

, introduction by David Ascher

This chapter includes recipes for many common techniques that can be

used anywhere, or that don't really fit into any of the other, more

specific recipe categories.

David Ascher is a co-editor of this volume. David's background spans

physics, vision research, scientific visualization, computer graphics, a

variety of programming languages, co-authoring

Learning Python

(O'Reilly), teaching Python, and these days, a slew of technical and

nontechnical tasks such as managing the ActiveState team. David also

gets roped into organizing Python conferences on a regular basis.

Chapter 5

, introduction by Tim Peters

This chapter covers techniques for searching and sorting in Python.

Many of the recipes explore creative uses of the stable and fast

list.sort in conjunction with the decorate-sort-undecorate (DSU) idiom

(newly built in with Python 2.4), while others demonstrate the power of

heapq, bisect, and other Python searching and sorting tools.

Tim Peters, also known as

the tim-bot

, is one of the mythological figures

of the Python world. He is the oracle, channeling Guido van Rossum

when Guido is busy, channeling the IEEE-754 floating-point committee

when anyone asks anything remotely relevant, and appearing

conservative while pushing for a constant evolution in the language. Tim

is a member of the PythonLabs team.

Chapter 6

, introduction by Alex Martelli

This chapter offers a wide range of recipes that demonstrate the power

of object-oriented programming with Python, including fundamental

techniques such as delegating and controlling attribute access via

special methods, intermediate ones such as the implementation of

various design patterns, and some simple but useful applications of

advanced concepts, such as custom metaclasses, which are covered in

greater depth in Chapter 20.

Alex Martelli, also known as

the martelli-bot

, is a co-editor of this

volume. After almost a decade with IBM Research, then a bit more than

that with think3, inc., Alex now works as a freelance consultant, most

recently for AB Strakt, a Swedish Python-centered firm. He also edits

and writes Python articles and books, including

Python in a Nutshell

(O'Reilly) and, occasionally, research works on the game of contract

bridge.

Chapter 7

, introduction by Aaron Watters

This chapter presents Python techniques for persistence, including

serialization approaches and interaction with various databases.

Aaron Watters was one of the earliest advocates of Python and is an

expert in databases. He's known for having been the lead author on the

first book on Python (

Internet Programming with Python

, M&T Books,

now out of print), and he has authored many widely used Python

extensions, such as kjBuckets and kwParsing. Aaron currently works as

a freelance consultant.

Chapter 8

, introduction by Mark Hammond

This chapter includes a collection of recipes that assist with the

debugging and testing process, from customizing error logging and

traceback information, to unit testing with custom modules, unittest

and doctest.

Mark Hammond is best known for his work supporting Python on the

Windows platform. With Greg Stein, he built an incredible library of

modules interfacing Python to a wide variety of APIs, libraries, and

component models such as COM. He is also an expert designer and

builder of developer tools, most notably Pythonwin and Komodo. Finally,

Mark is an expert at debugging even the most messy systemsduring

Komodo development, for example, Mark was often called upon to

debug problems that spanned three languages (Python, C++,

JavaScript), multiple threads, and multiple processes. Mark is also co-

author, with Andy Robinson, of

Python Programming on Win32

(O'Reilly).

Chapter 9

, introduction by Greg Wilson

This chapter covers a variety of techniques for concurrent programming,

including threads, queues, and multiple processes.

Greg Wilson writes children's books, as well as books on parallel

programming and data crunching. When he's not doing that, he's a

contributing editor with

Doctor Dobb's Journal

, an adjunct professor in

Computer Science at the University of Toronto, and a freelance software

developer. Greg was the original driving force behind the Software

Carpentry project, and he recently received a grant from the Python

Software Foundation to develop Pythonic course material for

computational scientists and engineers.

Chapter 10

, introduction by Donn Cave

This chapter includes recipes for a number of common system

administration tasks, from generating passwords and interacting with

the Windows registry, to handling mailbox and web server issues.

Donn Cave is a software engineer at the University of Washington's

central computer site. Over the years, Donn has proven to be a fount of

information on

comp.lang.python

on all matters related to system calls,

Unix, system administration, files, signals, and the like.

Chapter 11

, introduction by Fredrik Lundh

This chapter contains recipes for common GUI tasks, mostly with

Tkinter, but also a smattering of wxPython, Qt, image processing, and

GUI recipes specific to Jython (for JVMJava Virtual Machine), Mac OS X,

and IronPython (for dotNET).

Fredrik Lundh, also known as

the eff-bot

, is the CTO of Secret Labs AB, a

Swedish Python-focused company providing a variety of products and

technologies. Fredrik is the world's leading expert on Tkinter (the most

popular GUI toolkit for Python), as well as the main author of the Python

Imaging Library (PIL). He is also the author of

Python Standard Library

(O'Reilly), which is a good complement to this volume and focuses on

the modules in the standard Python library. Finally, he is a prolific

contributor to

comp.lang.python

, helping novices and experts alike.

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