Si4432无线ISM transceiver数据手册：高性能，宽频覆盖

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"这是一份关于Si4432无线收发芯片的数据手册，该芯片工作在240-940MHz的频率范围内，属于Silicon Laboratories的EZRadioPRO系列，提供先进的无线射频功能，如连续频率覆盖、可调高功率输出以及优秀的接收灵敏度，适用于各种低功耗、长距离无线通信应用。" Si4432无线收发芯片是Silicon Laboratories推出的一款高度集成的单片无线工业、科学和医疗(ISM)频段收发器。作为EZRadioPRO家族的一员，该系列提供了全面的发射器、接收器和收发器选项，让RF系统设计者可以根据具体应用选择最适合的无线组件。此芯片的特性包括： 1. **连续频率覆盖**：Si4432支持从240MHz到930MHz的广泛频率范围，使得它适应于多种不同的无线通信标准和应用。 2. **可调输出功率**：最大输出功率可达+20dBm，这意味着它可以提供较高的信号强度，以实现更远的传输距离和增强的链路性能。 3. **卓越的接收灵敏度**：-118dBm的接收灵敏度确保了即使在低信号强度下也能保持良好的接收能力，进一步增强了通信的可靠性。 4. **高度集成降低成本**：通过集成多种功能，Si4432降低了物料清单(BOM)成本，同时简化了整个系统的复杂性。 5. **内置天线多样性和频率跳变支持**：这些特性可以用来扩展通信范围，增强抗干扰能力，提高系统性能。 6. **其他系统功能**：除了上述特性外，芯片还可能包含有功耗管理、错误检测与纠正机制、高效的数据编码方案等，以确保低功耗运行和数据传输的可靠性。 7. **应用领域**：这款芯片适用于低功耗无线传感器网络、智能家居、远程控制、无线抄表、物联网(IoT)设备以及其他需要长距离、低功耗无线连接的应用。由于这是初步版本的0.46/09，芯片的特性和规格可能会根据开发进展而变化，用户需要关注最新的数据手册以获取最准确的信息。对于开发者来说，理解并利用这些特性来优化他们的设计至关重要，从而实现高效、可靠的无线通信系统。

Si4432

16 Preliminary Rev. 0.4

2. Functional Description

The Si4432 is a 100% CMOS ISM wireless transceiver

with continuous frequency tuning over the complete

240–930 MHz band. The wide operating voltage range

of 1.8–3.6 V and low current consumption makes the

Si4432 and ideal solution for battery powered

applications.

The Si4432 operates as a time division duplexing (TDD)

transceiver where the device alternately transmits and

receives data packets. The device uses a single-

conversion, image-reject mixer to downconvert the 2-

level FSK/GFSK/OOK modulated receive signal to a low

IF frequency. Following a programmable gain amplifier

(PGA) the signal is converted to the digital domain by a

high performance  ADC allowing filtering,

demodulation, slicing, error correction, and packet

handling to be performed in the built-in DSP increasing

the receiver’s performance and flexibility versus analog

based architectures. The demodulated signal is then

output to the system MCU through a programmable

GPIO or via the standard SPI bus by reading the 64-

byte RX FIFO.

A single high precision local oscillator (LO) is used for

both transmit and receive modes since the transmitter

and receiver do not operate at the same time. The LO is

generated by an integrated VCO and  Fractional-N

PLL synthesizer. The synthesizer is designed to support

configurable data rates, output frequency, frequency

deviation, and Gaussian filtering at any frequency

between 240–930 MHz. The transmit FSK data is

modulated directly into the  data stream and can be

shaped by a Gaussian low-pass filter to reduce

unwanted spectral content.

The PA output power can be configured between +11

and +20 dBm in 3 dB steps. The PA is single-ended to

allow for easy antenna matching and low BOM cost.

The PA incorporates automatic ramp-up and ramp-

down control to reduce unwanted spectral spreading.

The Si4432 supports frequency hopping, TX/RX switch

control, and antenna diversity switch control to extend

the link range and improve performance. Antenna

diversity is completely integrated into the Si4432 and

can improve the system link budget by 8–10 dB,

resulting in substantial range increases depending on

the environmental conditions. The +20 dBm power

amplifier can also be used to compensate for the

reduced performance of a lower cost antenna or

antenna with size constraints due to a small form-factor.

Competing solutions require large and expensive

external PAs to achieve comparable performance.

The Si4432 is designed to work with a microcontroller,

crystal, and a few passives to create a very low cost

system as shown Figure 1. Voltage regulators are

integrated on-chip which allow for a wide range of

operating supply voltage conditions from +1.8 to +3.6 V.

A standard 4-pin SPI bus is used to communicate with

the microcontroller. Three configurable general purpose

I/Os are available for use to tailor towards the needs of

the system. A more complete list of the available GPIO

functions is shown in "8. Auxiliary Functions" on page

55 but just to name a few, microcontroller clock output,

Antenna Diversity, TRSW control, POR, and specific

interrupts. A limited number of passive components are

needed to match the LNA and PA. Refer to Figure 32,

“Split RF I/Os with Separated TX and RX Connectors—

Schematic,” on page 70 for the required component

values at different frequency ranges.

The application shown in Figure 1 is designed for a

system with Antenna Diversity. The Antenna Diversity

Control Algorithm is completely integrated into the chip

and is discussed further in "Figure 30. GPIO Usage

Examples" on page 67.

For a simpler application example not using Antenna

Diversity see Figure 32, “Split RF I/Os with Separated

TX and RX Connectors—Schematic,” on page 70.

Si4432

Preliminary Rev. 0.4 19

3. Controller Interface

3.1. Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)

The Si4432 communicates with the host MCU over a 3 wire SPI interface: SCLK, SDI, and nSEL. The host MCU

can also read data from internal registers on the SDO output pin. A SPI transaction is a 16-bit sequence which

consists of a Read-Write (R

/W) select bit, followed by a 7-bit address field (ADDR), and an 8-bit data field (DATA),

as demonstrated in Figure 2. The 7-bit address field supports reading from or writing to one of the 128, 8-bit control

registers. The R

/W select bit determines whether the SPI transaction is a write or read transaction. If R/W = 1, it

signifies a WRITE transaction, while R

/W = 0 signifies a READ transaction. The contents (ADDR or DATA) are

latched into the Si4432 every eight clock cycles. The timing parameters for the SPI interface are shown in Table 10.

The SCLK rate is flexible with a maximum rate of 10 MHz.

Figure 2. SPI Timing

To read back data from the Si4432, the R/W bit must be set to 0 followed by the 7-bit address of the register from

which to read. The 8 bit DATA field following the 7-bit ADDR field is ignored when R

/W = 0. The next eight negative

edge transitions of the SCLK signal will clock out the contents of the selected register. The data read from the

selected register will be available on the SDO output pin. The READ function is shown in Figure 3. After the READ

function is completed the SDO pin will remain at either a logic 1 or logic 0 state depending on the last data bit

clocked out (D0). When nSEL goes high the SDO output pin will be pulled high by internal pullup.

Table 10. Serial Interface Timing Parameters

Symbol Parameter Min (nsec) Diagram

Clock high time 40

Clock low time 40

Data setup time 20

Data hold time 20

Output data delay time 20

Output enable time 20

Output disable time 50

Select setup time 20

Select hold time 50

Select high period 80

nSEL

SCLK

SDI

MSB

LSB

A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1

A3 RW A7A6

Data

Address

SDI

SCLK

SDO

nSEL

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Si4432无线ISM transceiver数据手册：高性能，宽频覆盖

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