基于Z周期互补序列的灵活组间互补序列集设计

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本文献主要探讨了基于Z周期互补序列(ZPC Sequences)的组间互补序列集(Inter-Group Complementary Sequence Set, IGCSS)设计的新方法。ZPC序列以其独特的周期性和互补性质在通信系统中有着广泛应用，特别是无线通信的扩频技术，如码分多址(CDMA)系统。作者Longye Wang、Xiaoli Zeng和Hong Wen提出了一种创新的构造策略，利用ZPC序列的交织技术来生成IGCSS。这种交织操作能够将多个ZPC序列组合在一起，形成一个具有丰富多样性的序列集。通过这种方法，不仅可以得到多相的IGCSS，包括二进制和三进制序列，而且相比于传统的IGCSS，其灵活性更高，可以根据需要选择不同的群组数量。这在一定程度上提高了序列的抗干扰能力，对于比特错误率(BER)性能有显著提升。值得注意的是，与传统的基于干扰限制的CDMA系统不同，这些基于Z周期互补序列交织的IGCSS在同步和异步模式下都能表现出良好的性能。这意味着它们不仅适用于传统的通信场景，还能适应不断变化的通信需求和网络环境，为现代无线通信系统提供了更高效且可靠的解决方案。这项研究不仅拓展了ZPC序列的应用领域，还通过创新的序列设计方法，为提高通信系统的性能和鲁棒性做出了贡献。对于从事信号处理、无线通信和编码理论等领域研究的学者和工程师来说，这篇论文提供了有价值的设计思路和技术参考。

IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS, VOL.E99–A, NO.5 MAY 2016

987

LETTER

Designs of Inter-Group Complementary Sequence Set from

Interleaving Z-Periodic Complementary Sequences

Longye WANG

†,††a)

, Xiaoli ZENG

†††b)

, Nonmembers, and Hong WEN

†c)

, Member

SUMMARY Novel constructions of inter-group complementary (IGC)

sequences are proposed based on Z-periodic complementary (ZPC) se-

quences and uncorrelated sequence set by taking advantages of interleaved

operation. The presented methods can get IGC sequences from interleaving

ZPC sequence set. The proposed methods not only can get polyphase IGC

sequence set, but also can obtain binary and ternary IGC sequence set. In

particular, with the aid of uncorrelated sequence, the number of available

groups of IGC sequences from interleaving ZPC sequence set can be chosen

with ﬂexibility compared to the existed IGC sequences. The IGC sequences

based code division multiple access (CDMA) systems may perform better

on bit error rates than conventional sequences based interference-limited

CDMA systems. Moreover, the novel IGC sequences may work well in

both synchronous and asynchronous operational modes.

key words: inter-group complementary sequences, Z-periodic complemen-

tary sequences, periodic perfect complementary sequences, zero correlation

zone, interleaving technique

1. Introduction

Code division multiple access (CDMA) technologies have

been attractive in wireless personal communications due

to their robust performance. However, CDMA systems

may degrade their performances due to the multipath in-

terference (MI) and multiple access interference (MAI) re-

sulted from non-ideal correlation properties of the spread-

ing sequences. Both MI and MAI can be reduced or

avoided by using the spreading sequences with the good

correlation properties. Therefore, it is important to design

spreading sequences with good correlation properties and

interference-resistant capabilities in order to improve the per-

formance of CDMA, OFDM (orthogonal frequency-division

multiplexing)-CDMA, and MIMO (multiple-input multiple-

output)-CDMA systems.

There have been a number of existing research results

on the construction of spreading sequences to eliminate MAI

and MI in CDMA systems [1]–[8]. Chen et al. initially pro-

posed a multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA) system employ-

ing complete complementary (CC) sequences [9]. In 2004,

Manuscript received December 16, 2015.

†

The authors are with the National Key Laboratory of Science

and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Sci-

ence and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.

††

The author is with the School of Engineering and Technology,

Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China.

†††

The author is with Engineering Research Center for Tibetan

Information Technology, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China.

a) E-mail: utibetwly@qq.com

b) E-mail: zxl_zeng@qq.com (Corresponding author)

c) E-mail: sunlike@uestc.edu.cn

DOI: 10.1587/transfun.E99.A.987

he proposed a more general complementary sequence called

periodic perfect complementary (PC) sequences [10], which

is a super set of diﬀerent CC sequences and possesses the per-

fect cross-correlation properties of diﬀerent CC sequences

in the set [10], [11]. However, the number of available peri-

odic PC sequences relevant to the CDMA capacity is prac-

tically limited by the number of elementary sequences may

be constrained by mathematical bound [12]. The Z-periodic

complementary (ZPC) sequences are proposed for wider ap-

plications in the CDMA systems, due to the sequences are not

limited by neither the length of elementary sequences, nor

the number of mates [13]. Comparing with CC sequences

and periodic PC sequences, ZPC sequences have larger set

sizes by shortening zero correlation zone (ZCZ) width which

may accommodate more users in CDMA systems. However,

the synchronous deviation is limited in the CDMA systems

due to shortened ZCZ width, which leads to inter-channel

and inter-cell interference can still not be eliminated.

The inter-group complementary (IGC) sequences is a

group of the ZPC sequences containing multiple ZPC se-

quence subgroups put forward based on periodic PC se-

quences by Li et al. [14]. It has been shown that the CDMA

systems employing the IGC sequences (IGC-CDMA) get a

much better bit error rate (BER) performance than a tradi-

tional interference-limited CDMA system employing con-

ventional sequences [14]. In particular, IGC sequences can

work well in both synchronous and asynchronous operational

modes. Later, a design of IGC sequences was proposed based

on ZPC sequences and the uncorrelated sequences by Feng

et al. in [15]. The sequences in [15] owns ﬂexible choices of

ZCZ width, while the length of ZCZ depends on the number

of ‘0’ which is appended to each elementary sequence. In

addition, a construction of IGC sequences is proposed based

on interleaved periodic PC sequences by Feng et al. in [16].

However, the number of groups in this IGC sequence set is

limited on the set sizes of original PC sequences. To get the

number of available groups in the IGC sequence set, new

constructions of the IGC sequences are presented, which

are expected to provide more choice for the CDMA system

applications.

In this paper, new constructions of IGC sequences are

proposed based on interleaved known ZPC sequences. The

generated IGC sequences own the similar correlation prop-

erties to IGC sequences generated in [14]–[16]. The cross-

correlation function (CCF) of any two sequences from the

same groups are zeros within an intra-group ZCZ, and the

CCF of any two sequences from diﬀerent subgroups are ze-

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