多通道线性描述符分析揭示持续注意力脑电图差异
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"这篇研究论文探讨了持续注意力与忽略任务条件下脑电图（EEG）的差异，通过多通道线性描述符分析方法对持续注意力响应任务（SART）表现进行深入研究。10名健康男性志愿者在执行SART时记录了多通道EEG数据。研究中使用了三个多通道线性描述符：空间复杂度（X）、场强（R）和频率变化率（U），分别对高频（h）、α频段和β频段进行了分析。实验结果显示，在SART状态下，参与者的H和α频段X值显著降低，R值在几乎所有感兴趣区域的每个频率带都显著升高，而h频段的U值显著降低，β频段的U值显著升高。这些发现揭示了不同脑功能状态与注意力持续性的关联。"
本研究的核心在于利用多通道线性描述符来解析大脑在执行持续注意力任务时的动态变化。线性描述符是一种有效的工具，能够帮助研究人员量化EEG信号的特征，从而更好地理解大脑的工作模式。在这项工作中，研究人员选择了三个关键的线性描述符：
1. 空间复杂度（X）：衡量EEG信号的空间分布复杂性。在SART状态下，参与者在h和α频段的X值降低可能表明大脑活动的空间模式变得更为集中或简化，这可能是为了更有效地处理持续注意力任务。
2. 场强（R）：反映了EEG信号的整体强度。SART期间R值在所有感兴趣区域的各个频率带上均显著升高，这可能意味着大脑在执行注意力任务时，整体活动水平增强，特别是在与注意力相关的网络中。
3. 频率变化率（U）：描述了EEG信号频率成分的变化速度。h频段的U值降低可能表示大脑在执行SART时低频活动的动态变化减缓，而β频段的U值升高则可能表明大脑在较高频率范围内有更频繁的调整，这可能与保持警觉和注意力维持有关。
这些发现对于理解大脑如何在长时间内维持注意力具有重要意义，不仅有助于进一步探索认知控制机制，还有可能为注意力缺陷障碍等相关疾病的诊断和治疗提供新的见解。同时，该研究也为开发更有效的神经反馈训练策略提供了理论基础。
Multichannel linear descriptors analysis for sustained
attention-related electroencephalography
Tian Liu
a,b
, Nan Yan
a,b,d
, Yanni Chen
a,b,c
and Jue Wang
a,b
This study investigated the differences in brain functional
state between sustained attention and ignoring task
conditions using the electroencephalography in
association with sustained attention to response task
(SART) performance. Multichannel electroencephalography
data were obtained from 10 male healthy volunteers while
performing the SART. Three multichannel linear
descriptors, that is spatial complexity (X), field strength
(R), and frequency of field changes (U), were applied to
analyze three frequency bands (h, a, and b) for sustained
attention and ignoring task conditions. The experimental
results showed that participants had a significantly lower
X value in the h and a band in the SART state. The R value
was significantly higher in each frequency band of
interest in almost all region of interest areas during SART
performance. In addition, the U value was significantly
lower in the h band and significantly higher in the b band
during the sustained attention condition. The results
indicated that multichannel linear descriptors could
show the differences in brain functions between
sustained attention and ignoring task conditions, and
might be used to evaluate disorders with an attentional
dysfunction. NeuroReport 24:631–635
c
2013 Wolters
Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
NeuroReport 2013, 24:631–635
Keywords: electroencephalography, multichannel linear descriptors,
sustained attention, sustained attention to response task
a
The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of
Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University,
b
National Engineering Research Center of
Health Care and Medical Devices, Xi’an Jiaotong University Branch,
c
Maternal
and Child Health Hospital, Xi’an and
d
Divisions of Speech and Hearing Sciences,
The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence to Jue Wang, PhD, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical
Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and
Technology, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University,
Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
Tel/fax: + 86 029 82663497; e-mail: juewang_xjtu@126.com
Received 23 May 2013 accepted 23 May 2013
Introduction
Sustained attention/vigilance can be characterized
broadly as the ability to voluntarily maintain the focus
of attention to a specific stimul us over a period of time
while excluding distracting stimuli, which is a key
cognitive and executive function that determines the
efficacy of the ‘higher’ attentional process es such as selec-
tive and divided attention [1–3]. In the past few years,
functional neuroimaging, neurophysiological, neuro-
psychological, and other techniques have been dedicated
to the identification of the sustained attention processes
within the human brain. Such studies would not only
focus on understanding the neuronal mechanisms of
cognitive functions [4–7] but also investigating a variety
of clinical disorders associated with sustained attention
including traumatic brain injury [8], attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder [9], and depression [10].
Recently, quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) has
been used widely in the studies of sustained atten-
tion [11–13], as it is a noninvasive and low -cost method.
Moreover, the high temporal resolution of EEG makes this
technique more suitable for examining the synchronization
of neuronal activity. However, almost all these studies were
based on individual-channel EEG analysis. As the multi-
channel EEGs could integrate the variations in the global
functional state of the brain, an increasingly larger number of
methods have been used to analyze brain function. Multi-
channel linear descriptors [14] could describe the global
brain macrostate and yield a multi-aspect comparison among
different attention states. In this method, three descriptors
(S, O,andF) constitute a multichannel linear S–F–O
system. S is a measure of the global field strength; O and
F are the global measures of spatial complexity among
different neural generat or sites and frequency of field
changes, respectively. These descriptors could provide a
comprehensive characterization of the macro brain func-
tional states.
The aim of the present study was to compare the global
functional brain states of frontal and parietal cortical
areas using multichanne l linear descriptors in three EEG
frequency bands collected from healthy individuals
during per formance of a sustained attention to response
task (SART) [15] and ignoring task. The SART was
sensitive to absentmindedness and attention and has
been widely used as a behavioral measure of sustained
attention [7]. The differences between the two attention
states were evaluated statistically.
Methods
Participants
Ten male participants (age range, 22–28 years; mean,
24.5±2.4 years; right-handed) were recruited through
local youth groups to participate in this study. All
participants participated voluntarily in this experiment.
Written informed consents were obtained from all
participants, according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
Integrative system 631
0959-4965
c
2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins DOI: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e3283639396
Copyright © Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.
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