探索Ansible 2.8高级自动化实战与最佳实践

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Introduction

jeu. avril 25 17:55:01 CET 2019

Subsequent commands will revert to using the system's default language for output. The locale

command can be used to determine the current value of LANG and other related environment

variables.

Input Method Settings

GNOME3 in RedHat EnterpriseLinux7 or later automatically uses the IBus input method selection

system, which makes it easy to change keyboard layouts and input methods quickly.

The Region & Language application can also be used to enable alternative input methods. In the

Region & Language application window, the Input Sources box shows what input methods are

currently available. By default, English (US) may be the only available method. Highlight English

(US) and click the keyboard icon to see the current keyboard layout.

To add another input method, click the + button at the bottom left of the Input Sources window.

An Add an Input Source window will open. Select your language, and then your preferred input

method or keyboard layout.

When more than one input method is conﬁgured, the user can switch between them quickly by

typing Super+Space (sometimes called Windows+Space). A status indicator will also appear in

the GNOME top bar, which has two functions: It indicates which input method is active, and acts

as a menu that can be used to switch between input methods or select advanced features of more

complex input methods.

Some of the methods are marked with gears, which indicate that those methods have advanced

conﬁguration options and capabilities. For example, the Japanese Japanese (Kana Kanji) input

method allows the user to pre-edit text in Latin and use Down Arrow and Up Arrow keys to

select the correct characters to use.

US English speakers may also ﬁnd this useful. For example, under English (United States) is the

keyboard layout English (international AltGr dead keys), which treats AltGr (or the right Alt)

on a PC 104/105-key keyboard as a "secondary shift" modiﬁer key and dead key activation key for

typing additional characters. There are also Dvorak and other alternative layouts available.

NOTE

Any Unicode character can be entered in the GNOME desktop environment if you

know the character's Unicode code point. Type Ctrl+Shift+U, followed by the

code point. After Ctrl+Shift+U has been typed, an underlined u will be displayed

to indicate that the system is waiting for Unicode code point entry.

For example, the lowercase Greek letter lambda has the code point U+03BB, and can

be entered by typing Ctrl+Shift+U, then 03BB, then Enter.

SYSTEM-WIDE DEFAULT LANGUAGE SETTINGS

The system's default language is set to US English, using the UTF-8 encoding of Unicode as its

character set (en_US.utf8), but this can be changed during or after installation.

From the command line, the root user can change the system-wide locale settings with the

localectl command. If localectl is run with no arguments, it displays the current system-

wide locale settings.

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DO447-RHAE2.8-en-1-20190626

Introduction

To set the system-wide default language, run the command localectl set-locale

LANG=locale, where locale is the appropriate value for the LANG environment variable from the

"Language Codes Reference" table in this chapter. The change will take effect for users on their

next login, and is stored in /etc/locale.conf.

[root@host ~]# localectl set-locale LANG=fr_FR.utf8

In GNOME, an administrative user can change this setting from Region & Language by clicking

the Login Screen button at the upper-right corner of the window. Changing the Language of the

graphical login screen will also adjust the system-wide default language setting stored in the /

etc/locale.conf conﬁguration ﬁle.

IMPORTANT

Text-based virtual consoles such as tty4 are more limited in the fonts they can

display than terminals in a virtual console running a graphical environment, or

pseudoterminals for ssh sessions. For example, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese

characters may not display as expected on a text-based virtual console. For

this reason, you should consider using English or another language with a Latin

character set for the system-wide default.

Likewise, text-based virtual consoles are more limited in the input methods they

support, and this is managed separately from the graphical desktop environment.

The available global input settings can be conﬁgured through localectl for both

text-based virtual consoles and the graphical environment. See the localectl(1)

and vconsole.conf(5) man pages for more information.

LANGUAGE PACKS

Special RPM packages called langpacks install language packages that add support for speciﬁc

languages. These langpacks use dependencies to automatically install additional RPM packages

containing localizations, dictionaries, and translations for other software packages on your system.

To list the langpacks that are installed and that may be installed, use yum list langpacks-*:

[root@host ~]# yum list langpacks-*

Updating Subscription Management repositories.

Installed Packages

langpacks-en.noarch 1.0-12.el8 @AppStream

Available Packages

langpacks-af.noarch 1.0-12.el8 rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms

langpacks-am.noarch 1.0-12.el8 rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms

langpacks-ar.noarch 1.0-12.el8 rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms

langpacks-as.noarch 1.0-12.el8 rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms

langpacks-ast.noarch 1.0-12.el8 rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms

...output omitted...

To add language support, install the appropriate langpacks package. For example, the following

command adds support for French:

[root@host ~]# yum install langpacks-fr

DO447-RHAE2.8-en-1-20190626

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