CCDP第二版设计Cisco网络架构权威指南

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《授权自学指南：设计Cisco网络服务架构（ARCH）第二版》是由Cisco Systems, Inc.官方授权的CCDP教材，该教材于2009年12月首次印刷，适用于对计算机网络架构、设计以及 Internetworking（电信网络）有深入研究和准备CC认证考试的学生和专业人员。作者包括Keith Hutton、Mark Schofield和Diane Teare，他们共同编撰了这本权威且详实的教材。本书详细介绍了如何设计和规划Cisco网络服务架构，内容涵盖了关键概念和技术，如网络设计原则、服务模型、安全策略、QoS（服务质量）管理、多协议标记交换（MPLS）和虚拟专网（VPLS）等。第二版更新了最新的Cisco网络技术和最佳实践，确保读者能够跟上快速发展的IT领域动态。版权方面，所有内容受版权保护，未经出版商书面许可，不得以任何形式复制或传播，包括但不限于影印、录音或通过任何信息存储和检索系统。这本教材旨在作为学习者进行自我学习的指导工具，帮助他们准备CCDP（Certified Cisco Design Professional）认证考试，验证他们在网络设计领域的专业知识和技能。在学习过程中，读者可以期望从书中获取到扎实的理论基础，实战案例分析，以及通过清晰的步骤和详细解释来掌握网络设计的复杂过程。通过阅读和实践书中的内容，不仅能够提升个人职业发展，也能为构建高效、安全的Cisco网络基础设施提供坚实的基础。《设计Cisco网络服务架构（ARCH）第二版》是一本不可或缺的参考书籍，适合备考CCDP的学员，同时也是网络架构师、网络管理员以及IT专业人士日常工作中深入理解和优化网络设计的重要参考资料。

The SONA framework illustrates the concept that the network is the common element

that connects and enables all components of the IT infrastructure. SONA outlines the

following three layers of intelligence in the enterprise network:

• The network infrastructure layer:

•

This layer is where all the IT resources are

interconnected across a converged network foundation. The IT resources include

servers, storage, and clients. The network infrastructure layer represents how

these resources exist in different places in the network, including the campus,

branch, data center, WAN, metropolitan-area network (MAN), and teleworker.

The objective for customers in this layer is to have anywhere and anytime

connectivity.

The interactive services layer:

•

This layer enables efficient allocation of resources

to applications and business processes delivered through the networked

infrastructure.

The application layer:

The common thread that links the layers is that SONA embeds application-level

intelligence into the network infrastructure elements so that the network itself can

recognize and better support applications and services.

This includes business applications and collaboration

applications. The objective for customers in this layer is to meet business

requirements and achieve efficiencies by leveraging the interactive services layer.

Benefits of Cisco SONA

SONA promotes more effective use of networked resources, and provides these benefits:

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• Functionality:

•

Supports the organizational requirements.

Scalability:

•

Supports growth and expansion of organizational tasks by separating

functions and products into layers. This separation makes it easier to grow the

network.

Availability:

•

Provides necessary services reliably anywhere, anytime.

Performance:

•

Provides desired responsiveness, throughput, and utilization on a

per-application basis through the network infrastructure and services.

Manageability:

•

Provides control, performance monitoring, and fault detection.

Efficiency:

Review of the Cisco Enterprise Architecture

Through step-by-step network services growth, SONA provides

network services and infrastructure with reasonable operational costs and

appropriate capital investment on a migration path to a more intelligent network.

This section provides a review of the Cisco Enterprise Architecture modules.

The Cisco Enterprise Architecture (see Figure 1-4) consists of the following modules,

representing focused views of SONA that target each place in the network:

• Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture:

•

Combines a core infrastructure of

intelligent switching and routing with tightly integrated productivity-enhancing

technologies; these include Cisco Unified Communications, mobility, and

advanced security. The hierarchical architecture of the Cisco Enterprise Campus

provides for high availability through a resilient multilayer design, redundant

hardware and software features, and automatic procedures for reconfiguring

network paths when failures occur. The architecture extends authentication

support using standards such as 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol

(EAP). It also provides the flexibility to add IP Security (IPsec) and Multiprotocol

Label Switching virtual private networks (MPLS VPN), identity and access

management, and VLANs to compartmentalize access. Multicast provides

optimized bandwidth consumption. QoS prevents oversubscription to ensure that

real-time traffic, such as voice and video, or critical data is not dropped or

delayed. Integrated security protects against and mitigates the impact of worms,

viruses, and other attacks on the network (even at the switch port level). These

additions help improve performance and security, while also decreasing costs.

Cisco Enterprise Edge Architecture:

•

Offers connectivity to voice, video, and data

services outside the enterprise. This module enables the enterprise to use Internet

and partner resources, and provides resources for its customers. QoS, service

levels, and security are the main issues in the enterprise edge module.

Cisco Enterprise WAN and MAN Architecture: These are part of the Cisco

Enterprise Edge Architecture. This module offers the convergence of voice,

video, and data services over a single Cisco Unified Communications network. It

enables the enterprise to cost-effectively span large geographic areas. QoS,

granular service levels, and comprehensive encryption options help ensure the

secure delivery of high-quality voice, video, and data services. This enables

corporate staff to work efficiently wherever they are located. Security is provided

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with multiservice VPNs (IPsec and MPLS) over Layer 2 and Layer 3 WANs, hub-

and-spoke, or full-mesh topologies.

• Cisco Enterprise Data Center Architecture:

•

A cohesive, adaptive network

architecture that supports the requirements for consolidation, business

continuance, and security; while enabling service-oriented architectures,

virtualization, and on-demand computing. It provides departmental staff,

suppliers, or customers with secure access to applications and resources. The

architecture simplifies and streamlines management and significantly reduces

overhead. Redundant data centers provide backup services through synchronous

and asynchronous data and application replication. The network and devices offer

server and application load balancing to maximize performance. This solution

enables the enterprise to scale without major changes to the infrastructure. This

module can be located either at the campus as a server farm or at a remote facility.

Cisco Enterprise Branch Architecture:

•

Allows enterprises to extend head-office

applications and services to remote locations and users. An optimized branch

network leverages the WAN and LAN to reduce traffic and to save bandwidth and

operational expenses. The infrastructure provides secure access to voice, mission-

critical data, and video applications anywhere; with features such as advanced

network routing, VPNs, redundant WAN links, application content caching, and

local IP telephony call processing. Cisco captures these features in the Integrated

Services Router (ISR). The ISR enables enterprises to deploy new services when

they are ready, without purchasing new equipment. The enterprise supports the

remote configuration, monitoring, and the management of devices located at

remote sites. Cisco IOS supports tools that proactively resolve congestion and

bandwidth issues before they affect network performance, such as Cisco AutoQoS

and the Security Device Manager (SDM).

Cisco Enterprise Teleworker Architecture:

Enables enterprises to securely deliver

voice and data services to small office/home office (SOHO) environments over a

standard broadband access service. This provides a business-resiliency solution

for the enterprise and a flexible work environment for employees. Centralized

management minimizes the IT support costs, and robust integrated security

mitigates the security challenges of this environment. Integrated security and

Identity Based Networking Services (IBNS) enable the enterprise to extend

campus security policies to the teleworker. Staff can securely log on to the

network over an "always-on" VPN, and gain access to authorized applications and

services from a single cost-effective platform. Their productivity can further be

enhanced by adding a Cisco IP phone, providing cost-effective access to a

centralized IP communications system with voice and unified messaging services.

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An infrastructure service may use multiple network services. For example, if the

enterprise plans to implement voice services, network needs features such as QoS and

security.

Network services embedded in the infrastructure services include the following:

• Network management:

•

Includes LAN management for advanced management of

multilayer switches; routed WAN management for monitoring, traffic

management, and access control to administer the routed infrastructure of

multiservice networks; service management for managing and monitoring service

level agreements (SLA); and VPN and security management for optimizing VPN

performance and security administration.

High availability:

•

Ensures end-to-end availability for services, clients, and

sessions. Implementation includes reliable, fault-tolerant network devices (to

automatically identify and overcome failures) and resilient-network technologies.

QoS:

•

Manages the delay, delay variation (jitter), bandwidth availability, and

packet-loss parameters on a network to meet the diverse needs of voice, video,

and data applications. QoS features provide value-added functionality such as

Network-Based Application Recognition (NBAR) for classifying traffic by

application type, a Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements (SLAs) for end-to-end

QoS measurements, Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) signaling for

admission control and reservation of resources, and a variety of configurable

queue insertion and servicing disciplines.

IP multicasting:

Review of the Cisco SONA Application Layer

Multicasting enables distribution of videoconferencing, corporate

communications, distance learning, distribution of software, and other

applications. Multicast packets are replicated only as necessary in the network by

Cisco routers enabled with Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) and other

supporting multicast protocols, resulting in the most efficient delivery of data to

multiple receivers.

This layer includes collaborative applications that support the enterprise. Cisco has

solutions to support several applications:

• Unified messaging:

•

Unified communications applications provide structure and

intelligence that can help organizations integrate their communications with

business processes. It also ensures that information reaches recipients quickly

through the most appropriate medium.

Cisco Unified Contact Center: The Cisco Unified Contact Center provides

intelligent contact routing, call treatment, network-to-desktop computer telephony

integration (CTI), and multichannel contact management over an IP

infrastructure. This application enables organizations to smoothly integrate

inbound and outbound voice applications with Internet applications such as real-

time chat, web collaboration, and email.

[www.8cmd.com]

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